延安市树木资源及其开发初探

1 树木资源现状及开发利用概况1.1 树木资源现状 延安市地处陕西省北部黄河中游左岸的黄土高原,是一个缺少森林、生态恶劣的地方。建国后,经过广大林区职工和群众的积极保护和建设,树木种类明显增加。据1964年、1975年、1984年、1997年调查资料显示,现共有树木种类6纲30目196属474种。其中:乔木175种,灌木299种。 在树木资源中,暖温带落叶林树种资源主要有:辽东砾、栓皮砾、山杨、白桦、山杏、山桃、小叶杨、旱柳、     

图文并茂的科学巨著——《中国树木志》

193 7年 ,我国学者陈嵘先生出版了一部长达 1 1 91页、记录了我国树木 (包括少数国外产的 ) 1 1 1科 5 5 0属 2 5 5 0种 (包括 1 4亚种和 5 91变种 )的《中国树木分类学》巨著。《中国树木分类学》在我国树木学的发展过程中起到了开拓作用 ,为中国现代树木学奠定了基础。在过去很长一段时间内 ,不仅作为大学教材 ,而且是树木资源调查、树种鉴定的重要参考书。随着科学技术的发展 ,大批树木新分类群的不断发现 ,极大丰富了我国树木资源 ,同时 ,树木学方面的研究成果、资料越来越丰富。出版一部全面、系统地总结我国丰富的树木资源、分类、栽…     

宝华山野生观花观果树木资源的开发利用

经多年对宝华山野生树木的调查、实地观测和引种栽培,总结评价出具有较高观赏价值,易于开发利 用的野生观花观果树木共68种,对这些资源状况和合理开发利用进行了科学论述,对开发利用这些野生资源, 丰富园林树木种类,提高园林绿化水平起到积极的推动作用。     

佛山市高明区乡土树木资源调查研究

调查表明广东省佛山市高明区共有乡土树木66科141属218种。其中蕨类植物1科1属1种,裸子植物5科5属5种,被子植物60科135属212种;乔木168种、灌木50种。在这些乡土树木中,用材树种133种、药用植物115种、观赏植物65种、果树25种、油脂植物35种、芳香植物13种、淀粉植物14种、纤维植物31种、鞣料植物24种、蜜源植物5种;珍稀濒危植物6种,国家重点保护野生植物4种。文章分析了这些乡土树木资源的特点,并对资源保护和开发利用提出建议。     

我省引进和培育槭树科园林植物的必要性

河南省槭树科树木资源极其丰富 ,开发利用槭树科秋色叶树木资源对河南省园林建设具有重要意义。分析了元宝枫、茶条槭、鸡爪槭等 11个槭树科所属种及其变种的秋色叶植物的观赏特性 ,探讨了它们在园林造景中的应用。     

郑州市树木园景观规划

树木园主要是收集并保存地带性树木品种资源、迁地保护珍稀濒危树木资源、引种驯化并培育树木优良品种,具有树木科研、创新、资源保存等功能。     

云南湿地园林树木资源调查与分析

在分析云南省自然概况与湿地状况的基础上,对分布于云南省境内的主要河流、湖泊、沼泽等区域的湿地园林树木资源进行了调查研究,共得出云南省湿地园林树木资源43种,分属于20科,并从其适生气候区与观赏性状等方面分析了这一资源的特点与应用前景.     

广州市观果树木资源现状及其园林应用*

为合理开发和有效利用观果树木资源,丰富城市园林绿化树种,提高城市景观和生态综合效益,采用查阅相关文献和实地考察相结合方法,调查研究了广州市观果树木资源现状及其在城市园林绿化中的应用效果。结果表明,广州城区观果树木种类丰富,共36科60属123种,主要应用在城市主干道路、主体公园和住宅小区。目前观果树木的应用已取得了良好的社会、生态、经济和景观效应。建议广州市在今后城市园林规划中,充分利用现有观果树木种类并根据区域特色适度引进新品种;在大力推广观果树木景观应用的同时,应加强市民文明行为养成教育。     

广州市观果树木资源现状及其园林应用

为合理开发和有效利用观果树木资源,丰富城市园林绿化树种,提高城市景观和生态综合效益,采用查阅相关文献和实地考察相结合方法,调查研究了广州市观果树木资源现状及其在城市园林绿化中的应用效果。结果表明,广州城区观果树木种类丰富,共36科60属123种,主要应用在城市主干道路、主体公园和住宅小区。目前观果树木的应用已取得了良好的社会、生态、经济和景观效应。建议广州市在今后城市园林规划中,充分利用现有观果树木种类并根据区域特色适度引进新品种;在大力推广观果树木景观应用的同时,应加强市民文明行为养成教育。     

秋色叶及观果树木在园林造景中的应用

我国秋色叶和观果树木资源极其丰富，开发利用秋色叶及观果树木资源对我国园林建设具有重要意义.分析了枫香、鸡爪槭、重阳木等18种秋色叶植物及南天竺、天目琼花等7种观果植物的形态美学特征及在秋季的观赏特性，探讨了它们在园林造景中的应用.     

济南市主要公园乔木树种结构及动态

采用抽样调查的方法,对济南市的6个主要公园黄河森林公园、千佛山公园、环城公园、大明湖公园、五龙潭公园、趵突泉公园的树木进行调查。通过树种数、树种丰富度、树种多样性、树种均匀度4个指标对济南市各公园的树种组成结构进行分析,同时通过上述6个公园的树木总数、树木种类和胸径分布关系对公园树木结构特征进行分析。结果表明,大明湖公园的树种数最多,趵突泉公园的树种丰富度最大,千佛山公园的树种丰富程度最高,黄河森林公园树种最均匀。国槐(Sophora japonica)出现比例最高,占全部树木的10.69%。前20位树种总数占全部树木的75.06%,树木的数量构成具有明显的聚集性,出现少数树种主导整个群落的现象。从树木株数随胸径的分布看,同天然林存在差异,表现为近似的抛物线状。从不同胸径等级树种数分布上看,小径级的树种数多,大径级的树种数少,反映出济南市城市公园树种丰富度不断增加的趋势。       

Bird communities and seedling recruitment in restoring seasonally dry forest using the framework species method in Northern Thailand

This study examined the effects of framework trees, planted in 1998, and bird community on the natural recruitment of tree seedling species in a forest restoration experiment designed to test the framework species method of forest restoration established by Chiang Mai University’s Forest Restoration Research Unit (FORRU-CMU). Tree seedlings establishing beneath five framework tree species: Erythrina subumbrans (Hassk.) Merr., Hovenia dulcis Thunb., Melia toosendan Sieb. & Zucc., Prunus cerasoides D.Don and Spondias axillaries Roxb., were surveyed. Five trees of each species were selected in the 8-year-old trial plots. Birds visiting each tree were observed to determine possible seed dispersal activities. Thirty-six tree seedling species were found beneath the selected trees, of which 11 were wind-dispersed and 25 were animal-dispersed. The population density of animal-dispersed tree seedlings was higher than the wind-dispersed seedlings beneath all selected framework trees. The sample plots beneath P. cerasoides supported the highest population density of tree seedlings. Forty-nine bird species were recorded visiting the framework trees between July 2006 and June 2007. Non-frugivorous birds were recorded more frequently than the frugivorous birds. The effects of birds on seedling recruitment were different among each of the selected framework tree. Bigger trees, which attracted high number of birds by providing food resources, roosting and nesting sites may increase the seed deposition more than smaller trees with fewer attractants.     

沈阳天柱山活立木腐朽菌的调查研究

通过对东陵天柱山所有树木种类及立木腐朽发生情况的详细调查,结果显示:天柱山区域内乔、灌树种共有19科60多种,其中有11科32种被活立木腐朽菌寄生。引起活立木腐朽的病原菌共有21种,分属真菌和细菌2大类别,真菌是引起树木腐朽病的主要类群。腐朽菌主要发生在干、干基、干皮部、枝杈和枝部,引起白色、黑色和褐色3种类型腐朽。发病的主要品种为京桃、垂柳、家榆、刺槐和暴马丁香等。常见的腐朽菌多为绒毛栓菌、裂褶菌、科普锐齿菌、多年卧孔菌、平伏刷革菌和欧文氏细菌。     

淄川区城区行道树的结构特征分析

为了解淄川区行道树的结构特征,采用抽样调查法对淄川区城区12条道路的行道树进行调查,分析乔木行道树的树种组成及各树种的应用频度、相对频度、相对显著度、相对多度及重要值等指标。结果表明:淄川区城区行道树共有17科18属20种;树种应用频度最高的为法国梧桐(Platanus orientalis),为91.7;物种重要值前2位为法国梧桐和国槐(Sophora japonica),分别为55.89和14.32。淄川区行道树优势树种明显,树种应用相对单一,常绿树种与落叶树种应用数量比例为3∶20,常绿乔木用量偏低,各条道路绿化水平差距大。     

Demographic Survey of Tree Species in Urban Centers of Ekiti State,Nigeria

A combination of social surveys and direct field observations was used to identify and enumerate the tree species that are presently planted in and around the urban centers in the three zones of Ekiti State, Nigeria. A total of 62 tree species belonging to 27 families were sampled as urban tree species in the study area. Products derived from these trees ranged from edible fruits, cash income, medicine, fuel, shade, and wind control. The various similarity measures revealed that similar species of trees occurred as urban tree species in the three zones of the study area. Interviews with the various respondents revealed that all of them were tree minded irrespective of their sex, age, educational, economic, and religious status. Thus, these features were not regarded as prerequisites to tree mindedness in the study area. Field observation revealed that urban forestry is still poor in the state and at present the products derivable from the trees influenced the choice of species planted by the respondents. Thus, the various advantages derivable from the urban tree species, coupled with the tree mindedness of the respondents, could be utilized to serve as viable incentives to tree cultivation—especially in Nigeria where previous efforts had concentrated on farm and industrial forestry.     

太姥山珍稀树种、名木古树及保护

在 1995年生物多样性保护工程规划野外调查和资料收集的基础上 ,对太姥山地区的珍稀树种及名木古树作了进一步核查统计分析 ,并提出了相应的保护措施。调查表明 ,太姥山地区共有珍稀树种 33种 ,名木古树 5 2种 793棵     

Secondary forest floristic composition, structure, and spatial pattern in subtropical China

Secondary evergreen broadleaved forests are precious remnants for biodiversity conservation and templates for sustainable management of natural forests in subtropical China. Floristic composition, size structure, and spatial pattern of dominant tree species have been investigated for a subtropical secondary evergreen broadleaved forest in the Huitong Yingzuijie National Forest Reserve, Hunan, China. The location of all trees greater than 4 cm in diameter at breast height (DBH) were mapped within a 0.96-ha plot in which species, DBH, and total tree height were recorded. Ripley’s K(t) function was used to analyze spatial patterns and associations. The secondary forest consisted of 74 tree species and 1,596 stems per hectare. A reverse-J shaped DBH classes distribution was observed for all stems and trees of later seral species whereas trees of earlier successional species were distributed irregularly. Significant aggregated spatial patterns were observed for all trees within the forest and for conspecific trees of each dominant species. This result, and a repulsive spatial pattern for interspecific trees of Choerospondias axillaries and Cyclobalanopsis glauca against other dominant tree species, support segregation hypothesis. Contributions of seed dispersal, topographic heterogeneity, and competition to spatial patterns of conspecific trees vary depending on tree species. Attractive spatial pattern among interspecific trees of Liquidambar fortunei, Liquidambar formosana, and Pinus massoniana reflects stochastic colonization of pioneer tree species and a facilitation relationship. Although deciduous species are long-lived and persist over long successional processes, they will eventually be replaced by late seral evergreen species within the secondary forest if no disturbance events occur.     

昌宁县城绿地系统树种规划研究

根据昌宁县的自然地理和植被概况,分析城区绿化树种现状,提出昌宁县城绿地系统树种规划目标和原则以及植物种类技术指标规划。规划基调树种9种,骨干树种中乔木类20种,花灌木类23种,藤蔓类10种。为增加县城绿地的生物多样性和色彩丰富性,提出了一般树种17种,乡土树种24种。选择确定红裤茶为昌宁县的县树,百合花为昌宁县的县花。     

兰州市行道树树种现状调查

通过对兰州市区道路树种的栽植概况调查,结果表明：目前兰州市区共有行道树树种18种,其分属10科12属,乡土树种占61%,其中刺槐、臭椿、旱柳、白蜡等树种后期病虫害严重,作为行道树将在兰州市区逐渐淘汰。并通过对行道树种的选择,筛选出适宜市区可推广应用的行道树种类有21种,分属13科17属,乡土树种占62%。     

台风“山竹”对粤港澳大湾区城市园林树木的影响调查

2018年9月,台风"山竹"对粤港澳大湾区城市的园林树木造成重大伤害,调研粤港澳大湾区6个城市的园林树木的受损情况,统计各树种的综合受损率及受损表现,应用聚类分析法,对受损树种进行分级,并确定树种整体受损等级。通过记录树木受损情况及分析树种自身的抗风特性,分析总结影响园林树木抗风性能的主要因素,包括树种本身的抗风特性、台风风力与风向、立地土壤环境、种植穴空间、植物群落密度、迎风口种植位置等,并提出建立完善的树木风险评估体系,加强园林绿化建设及养护管理,以增强城市园林树木抗风能力。