Increasing the sink:source balance enhances photosynthetic rate of 1-year-old balsam fir foliage by increasing allocation of mineral nutrients

To determine the impact of altering the sink:source balance on gas exchange rates in 1-year-old foliage of balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.), seedlings were either debudded before the growing season began or left intact. To assess alternative explanations for the observed photosynthetic response, additional seedlings were variously root pruned, shaded, drought stressed or deprived of fertilizer in combination with debudding. Foliar gas exchange rates and carbohydrate concentrations, xylem water potential and current-year growth were measured on three occasions spanning the shoot extension period. In addition, growth, foliar concentrations of chlorophyll, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic rate at different CO2 concentrations were determined 1 month after shoot extension ceased. Debudded seedlings had higher photosynthetic rates than budded seedlings, and the difference increased as the growing season progressed. We observed no evidence that debudding increased photosynthetic rate by improving water relations or by reducing foliar carbohydrate concentrations. Debudding increased foliar concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and chlorophyll, as well as quantum yield and photochemical quenching as determined by chlorophyll fluorescence measurements. Therefore, we conclude that debudding increased the photosynthetic rate by increasing the allocation of nutrients to 1-year-old foliage, thereby enhancing the amount or activity, or both, of photosynthetic enzymes, as well as increasing chlorophyll concentration.     

Some ecophysiological characteristics of artà (Calligonum comosum Ľ Hérit) in response to drought stress

Water deficit is an important environmental factor restricting plant growth and photosynthesis. The effect of water deprivation on leaf water status, photosynthetic gas exchange, chlorophyll content and fluorescence parameters of artà (Calligonum comosum) was studied. Five-month-old artà seedlings, grown in pots in the open air, were subjected to one of four drought treatments (i.e., mild, moderate, severe and extreme drought stress) and compared to control seedlings (normal watering regime). Results show that leaf water potential, net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, photosynthetic pigment content (chlorophyll a and b) decreased with increasing levels of drought stress. Inactivation of the photosynthetic apparatus was accompanied by changes in the fluorescence characteristics, providing evidence that reduction of photosynthetic rate could be attributed to non-stomatal limitations. Alterations imply changes in photochemical conversion efficiency of photosystem II by which plants could reduce water transpiration or protect their photosynthetic apparatus from destruction. These adaptations are discussed in relation to the strategies developed to grow drought-resistant artà seedlings in desert environments.     

Effects of soil moisture regimes on growth and photosynthesis of the riparian plant Bolboschoenus planiculmis

Plants distributed in riparian regions experience frequent episodes of flooding and drought between years, and hence, riparian plants need to be floodand drought-tolerant. Riparian plants possess various traits to survive flooding, while their sensitivity to drought has received less attention. To investigate the growth and photosynthetic responses of a riparian species (Bolboschoenus planiculmis) to flooding and drought, plants of this species were subjected to 60-d flooding or drought stress under greenhouse conditions. Growth and photosynthetic traits were measured at the end of the treatments. As well, we determined the efficiency of photosynthetic apparatus in mature leaves. Plants of B. planiculmis adequately adjusted their growth and photosynthetic traits under both flooding and drought conditions. Flooding did not affect the above-ground growth of B. planiculmis. Increased growth of roots and rhizomes and the generation of new tubers suggested a high ability of below-ground lateral growth by capturing resources under flooding conditions. Enhanced photosynthetic capacity, retained leaf pigment concentrations and chlorophyll a fluorescence capacity indicated photosynthetic adaptation to flooding. In contrast, drought significantly decreased the above-ground growth of B. planiculmis, especially the leaves, thereby minimizing water loss due to transpiration. Its increased root to shoot ratio and "phalanx" asexual propagation pattern might enhance soil water uptake ability. Although the functional leaves of B. planiculmis could retain their leaf pigment concentrations, as well as photosynthesis and chlorophyll a fluorescence, the total biomass of plants decreased, which may be a consequence of the reduced leaf area, suggesting adverse effects by drought. Therefore, both growth and photosynthetic responses of B. planiculmis are likely to contribute to the ability of this species to thrive in riparian regions, but remain susceptive to drought.     

干旱胁迫对真桦光合特性及渗透调节物质含量的影响

以真桦盆栽幼苗为试材,研究干旱胁迫对真桦叶片光合作用和渗透调节物质含量的影响。结果表明:干旱胁迫使真桦幼苗净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度显著降低,降低幅度随胁迫程度的加剧而加大。胁迫初期,轻度和中度干旱胁迫组真桦幼苗净光合速率降低的同时气孔导度和胞间CO2浓度同时降低,光合速率降低的主要原因是气孔因素;胁迫中期和后期,各干旱处理组光合速率降低的同时胞间CO2浓度均显著升高,非气孔限制是净光合速率降低的主要原因。真桦在干旱胁迫过程中,可溶性蛋白变化不显著,可溶性糖含量增加,为主要的渗透调节物质。     

短期干旱和复水对麻栎幼苗光合及叶绿素荧光的影响

麻栎是鲁中山区森林植被恢复的重要阔叶树种之一,本文以1年生麻标幼苗为试验对象,研究短期干旱和复水对其光合及叶绿素荧光等生理生态特征的影响。结果表明：在干旱胁迫初期,干旱组的各项指标均优于对照组,说明过高的土壤含水量并不利于麻栎幼苗的生长;随着土壤干旱程度的进一步加剧,幼苗的气孔导度减少,导致光合和蒸腾作用的下降,水分利用效率升高;胁迫末期各项光合指标均降到最低。从叶绿素荧光参数可以看出,干旱胁迫并未使幼苗的光合机构发生伤害,幼苗在适宜的水分条件时产生光合能力上调,当水分匮缺时,以叶黄素循环为主的非光化学淬灭耗散掉过剩的光能达到保护光合机构的目的。复水后麻栎幼苗的各项生理生态指标恢复正常,但气孔导度的增大存在一定的滞后效应,导致了水分利用效率的反冲,同时叶黄素库仍然维持较高水平,麻栎幼苗通过物理和化学的双重保护来抵御干旱胁迫和进行胁迫后的恢复。     

干旱胁迫对4个油茶品种苗木生理生化指标的影响

为给耐旱性油茶品种的选育提供科学依据,以‘华鑫’‘华硕’‘长林40’和‘长林4号’这4个红壤丘陵区主栽油茶品种2年生嫁接苗为研究材料,采用盆栽控水的方法,分别设置了重度干旱胁迫、中度干旱胁迫和对照3种处理进行试验,对4个油茶品种在不同干旱条件下11个生理生化指标的变化情况进行了观测,并采用隶属函数法对4个油茶品种苗木的抗旱性进行了综合评价。试验结果表明:随着干旱程度的加重和干旱时间的延长,4个油茶品种苗木叶片叶绿素含量都有不同程度的降低,其中‘华硕’的下降幅度最大,为40.96%;其净光合速率、气孔导度、叶片蒸腾速率都呈下降趋势,其平均下降率分别为12.81%、48.03%、42.54%;其超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、可溶性糖、游离脯氨酸随着干旱条件的变化均呈现出先升后降的变化趋势,而其丙二醛含量则呈持续增长趋势。隶属函数分析结果表明,4个油茶品种抗旱性的强弱顺序为:‘长林40’>‘长林4号’>‘华硕’>‘华鑫’。     

不同连作土壤处理对再植水蜜桃苗生长状况及光合特性的影响

为了比较分析不同连作土壤处理水蜜桃再植苗的生长状况及其对主要营养元素的吸收差异,以探讨连作土壤对再植桃苗生长的影响机制,设置了4个土壤处理即重茬土(T_1)、重茬土+生石灰(T_2)、重茬土+活性炭(T_3)、重茬土+微生物肥(T_4)进行试验,分别测定了再植桃苗的生物量、气体交换参数、光合色素含量、叶绿素荧光参数及各组织中N、P的含量。试验结果表明:T_1处理的再植桃苗生长缓慢,其生物量最低,T_2、T_3和T_4处理则均明显地促进了再植桃苗的生长,其中T_4处理的长势最佳;T_1处理的再植桃苗其生长受到抑制,其影响因素为叶片气孔关闭和光合色素合成受阻、P元素缺乏等非气孔因素;T_4处理可促进再植桃苗叶片光合色素的合成,能明显提高其净光合速率,使其光合机构分配到光化学反应中的光能明显增多,光能利用效率明显提高,各组织中的P含量明显增加。研究结果表明:连作条件下再植桃苗的生长受到明显抑制,但施入微生物肥能有效缓解连作土壤对再植桃苗生长的伤害。     

干旱胁迫下保水剂对石楠苗生理生化的影响

摘要：在干旱胁迫下,对盆栽石楠苗的存活期、生长率、游离脯氨酸、可溶性糖、光合生理特性进行分析。结果表明,在有限水分条件下,施用保水剂延长苗木存活期3.5~38.5d;苗木生长受到抑制的时间延后0~28d;苗木的叶片中可溶性糖和游离脯氨酸开始积累时间延后,积累量减少;施用保水剂,苗木的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度分别提高了5.6~168.9%、28.6~2342.6%、0~4700%;在本实验中,保水剂用量越大,减缓水分胁迫的能力越强。     

Effect of cold storage treatments and transplanting stress on gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and survival under water limiting conditions of Pinus radiata stock-types

The capacity of radiata pine seedlings to overcome planting shock in wet and dry conditions and their dependence on previous history was analysed by studying post-planting resumption of gas exchange and photochemical reactions, and survival 2 months later. Even under well-irrigated soil conditions, seedlings showed the effects of stress: gas exchange was reduced, but a clear difference between soil-plugged (PR) seedlings and bare-root (BR) seedlings was observed. Drought enhanced the severity of photosynthesis deprivation. Photochemical reactions, analysed by chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters, were not affected by planting shock in conditions of available soil water, but altered dramatically when drought stress was raised, suggesting structural damage of photosynthetic machinery. Despite the dramatic sensitivity of radiata pine to water availability, rewatering produced remarkable recovery, indicating good photosynthetic components repair capacity, which depended, however, on stock quality at the moment of planting. The ability of radiata pine to cope with drought in terms of post-planting performance depended on both storage conditions and water availability at the planting site. These findings provide information for tree physiologists and foresters as to how the management of radiata pine seedlings before planting can affect post-planting performance potential under wet or dry environmental conditions.     

土壤干旱胁迫对巨龙竹实生苗光合特性和抗氧化酶活性的影响

试验选取盆栽巨龙竹(Dendrocalamus sinicus)实生苗，通过控制土壤水分含量设置轻度干旱、中度干旱和重度干旱3个胁迫水平研究不同干旱胁迫处理对巨龙竹实生苗的光合参数和抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明：随干旱程度的增加，土壤含水量显著下降，巨龙竹实生苗叶片的叶绿素含量(SPAD值)、净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)均呈下降趋势，而胞间CO₂浓度(Ci)在中度和重度干旱时呈上升趋势；在3种干旱强度下，SOD活性呈现先上升后下降再上升的变化趋势，APX活性和丙二醛含量均高于对照，CAT均低于对照。由研究结果可见，干旱会引起巨龙竹实生苗光合参数下降，光合速率下降的原因表现为随着干旱强度的增加由气孔限制原因转为非气孔限制原因，并且SOD和APX是巨龙竹在干旱胁迫下起主要作用的2种酶。巨龙竹实生苗在轻度干旱环境中表现出良好的适应性，但在中度和重度干旱环境中其适应性较差。     

樟子松大树移植对光合特性的影响

文章通过使用Li-6400对移植成活一年、二年、三年后的15a生樟子松大树的光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度、叶片水势以及叶绿素含量的测定,进行了不同移植成活时间对樟子松大树光合特性影响的研究。结果表明:①蒸腾速率、光合速率、气孔导度以及胞间CO2浓度均先减小后增加;②移植成活二年时,水分利用效率最高;③叶片水势不断下降;④叶绿素含量先降低,后升高,基本维持在的7mg.g-1的水平。由于移植成活二年时最易受到干旱胁迫的影响,所以,有必要在樟子松大树移植后的两年内采取有效的措施促进其成活及树势恢复。     

干旱胁迫下5种幼苗光合特性的研究

以该区年龄相同的5种主要植被恢复树种车桑子、滇柏、侧柏、花椒和香樟幼苗为研究对象,通过盆栽控水试验,测算其在不同水分梯度下的叶绿素相对含量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间CO₂浓度以及水分利用效率等生理生态指标,系统比较各参数的适应性变化及其差异性分析,结果表明：（1）随着干旱胁迫的加剧,5种幼苗叶片叶绿素相对含量呈现不同的变化趋势,车桑子逐渐降低,侧柏和滇柏先降后升,花椒和香樟先升后降;（2）各光合生理生态参数也呈现不同的变化规律：随干旱胁迫的加剧,净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度均逐渐降低,且在中度和重度干旱胁迫时极显著降低,其中在重度干旱胁迫时,侧柏的净光合速率最低比对照下降了100.5%,下降幅度最大;胞间CO₂浓度在轻度干旱胁迫时下降,中度和重度干旱胁迫时上升;水分利用效率在轻度和中度干旱胁迫时增加,重度干旱胁迫时下降,其中香樟的水分利用效率在重度干旱胁迫时仍是对照的1.05倍;（3）综合分析各项生理生态参数,5种幼苗均能耐受一定程度的干旱胁迫,但香樟的控水耐旱能力明显高于其它4种树种,更能适应石漠化地区的生态环境。     

Interaction of drought and elevated CO2 concentration on photosynthetic down-regulation and susceptibility to photoinhibition in Japanese white birch seedlings grown with limited N availability

The interaction of drought and elevated carbon dioxide concentration ([CO(2)]) on carboxylation capacity of Rubisco (V(cmax)) and susceptibility to photoinhibition may be an important determinant of plant responses to seasonal fluctuations in precipitation in an anticipated elevated [CO(2)] environment. Japanese white birch (Betula platyphylla var. japonica) leaves that developed wholly during a period of drought showed an increase in leaf nitrogen and a decrease in leaf carbohydrates that could ameliorate photosynthetic down-regulation, defined as a decrease in V(cmax) in response to elevated [CO(2)]. Photochemical quenching (q(P)) was decreased by elevated [CO(2)] but increased by drought when compared at a given intercellular [CO(2)] (C(i)), indicating that elevated [CO(2)] could increase the risk of photoinhibition, whereas long-term drought could alleviate the risk of photoinhibition. However, only a small variation in q(P) was measured among seedlings in the various water availability x [CO(2)] treatment combinations, consistent with the small treatment differences in chronic photoinhibition among the seedlings, as indicated by the ratio of variable to maximum chlorophyll fluorescence after overnight dark-adaptation. Our results suggest that the offsetting responses-reduced V(cmax) plus increased C(i) at elevated [CO(2)] and increased V(cmax) plus reduced C(i) under drought conditions-resulted in a narrow range of susceptibility to photoinhibition at the growth [CO(2)] in Japanese white birch seedlings grown in various water availability x [CO(2)] treatment combinations.     

Long- and short-term flooding effects on survival and sink-source relationships of swamp-adapted tree species

About 95% of swamp tupelo (Nyssa sylvatica var. biflora (Walt.) Sarg.) and sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) seedlings survived continuous root flooding for more than two years, whereas none of the swamp chestnut oak (Quercus michauxii Nutt.) and cherrybark oak (Q. falcata var. pagodifolia Ell.) seedlings survived one year of flooding. Death of oak seedlings occurred in phases associated with periods of major vegetative growth, e.g., after bud burst in spring, after summer stem elongation, and during the winter deciduous stage, suggesting that stored reserves and sources were inadequate to maintain the seedlings when vegetative sinks were forming. Additional evidence that flooding induced a source deficiency in oak was that leaves of flooded oak were 65 to 75% smaller than leaves of nonflooded oak. Flooded swamp tupelo seedlings had a normal leaf size and patchy stomatal opening compared with nonflooded seedlings. Flooding caused increases in alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) specific activity in taproot cambial tissues and increases in starch concentrations of swamp tupelo seedlings that were reversed when seedlings were removed from flooding. Flooding had little effect on soluble sugar concentrations in swamp tupelo or sweetgum. In the long-term flood-dry-flood treatment, in which all species had survivors, upper canopy leaf photosynthetic rates were higher in all species during the dry period than in nonflooded controls, whereas their starch and soluble sugars concentrations were similar to those of nonflooded controls. Based on seedling survival and the sink-source relationships, the order of flood tolerance was: swamp tupelo > sweetgum > swamp chestnut oak > cherrybark oak.     

干旱胁迫下臭椿4种源幼苗光合特性比较

设置4个土壤含水量水平W1、W2、W3、W4,分别为田间持水量的12．5％（严重干旱）、25％（中度干旱）、50％（轻度干旱）、75％（适宜含水量水平,CK）,处理盆栽4个种源臭椿苗未,在苗未速生后期,采用英国CIRAS-1型便携式光合测定系统测定幼苗的光合特性。结果表明：在盆栽土壤干旱胁迫下,山东鲁中、河南宝丰种源的臭椿幼苗的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、瞬间水分利用效率和气孔导度均较高,表现出较强的抗旱特性,而宁夏平罗、北京密云种源幼苗的相应指标较低。     

不同水分条件下麻疯树幼苗的光合生理适应性研究

通过研究干旱和复水对麻疯树幼苗叶片的相对含水量、气体交换特性和叶绿素荧光特性的影响,结果表明:随着基质含水量的减小,麻疯树叶片相对含水量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度持续下降,胞间CO₂浓度先下降后上升;最大荧光产量、PSII最大光量子产量、光化学猝灭系数和PSⅡ实际量子效率均呈现下降趋势,初始荧光有小幅上升。复水后,气体交换参数和荧光参数能很快恢复,植株可以成活,表明麻疯树有很强的自我调节能力,对基质干旱有极强的适应能力。当基质含水量从21.91%下降到15.22%时,各参数均无显著差异(P＞0.05);当基质含水量从8.70%下降到6.83%时,各参数均有显著变化(P<0.05)。基质含水量为8.70%以上时,麻疯树碳同化能力降低的原因主要是气孔限制;基质含水量在8.70%以下时,光合效率的降低主要受非气孔限制。     

Effects of different concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus on chlorophyll biosynthesis, chlorophyll a fluorescence, and photosynthesis in Larix olgensis seedlings

In our experiments, one-year-old Larix olgensis seedlings were cultivated in sand, and supplied with solutions with different concentrations of nitrate or phosphate. The effects of nitrogen and phosphorus supply on chlorophyll biosynthesis, total nitrogen content, and photosynthetic rate were studied. The experimental results are listed below: 1) 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) synthetic rate increased as nitrate concentrations supplied to larch seedlings increased from 1 to 8 mmol/L. But the rate decreased by 17% when nitrate concentration increased to 16 mmol/L, in contrast to the control. Under phosphate treatments, ALA synthetic rates were similar to those under nitrate treatments. The activities of porphobilinogen (PBG) synthase reached a maximum when larch seedlings were supplied with 8 mmol/L of nitrate or 1 mmol/L of phosphate. 2) when larch seedlings were supplied with 8 mmol/L of nitrate and 0.5 mmol/L of phosphate, the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoids reached a maximum. The total nitrogen contents in leaves increased as nitrate concentrations increased. 3) When phosphate concentrations increased from 0.125 to 1 mmol/L, the total nitrogen contents in leaves slightly increased; however, continuous increase of phosphate concentrations resulted in the decrease in total nitrogen contents in leaves. When nitrate concentrations increased from 1 to 8 mmol/L, soluble protein contents in leaves increased in general, and continuous increase of nitrate concentrations induced a decrease in soluble protein contents in leaves. Under treatment of 0.25 mmol/L of phosphate, the soluble protein contents reached a maximum. 4) In general, F _v/F _m increased as nitrate concentrations increased from 1 to 8 mmol/L, and continuous increase of nitrate concentration resulted in decrease in F _v/F _m. The similar changes occurred under phosphate treatments. As nitrate concentrations increased from 1 to 8 mmol/L, photosynthetic rates gradually increased, but when nitrate concentrations increased to 16 mmol/L, photosynthetic rate reduced by 16%, in contrast to the control. Photosynthetic rates reached a maximum when seedlings were supplied with 1 mmol/L, and an oversupply of phosphate (2 mmol/L) resulted in decrease in photosynthetic rates. The results suggested that supply levels of nitrogen affected ALA biosynthetic rates, activities of PBG synthase, and affected contents of chlorophyll and carotenoids. Moreover, nitrogen supply levels affected contents of total nitrogen and soluble proteins in leaves, and net photosynthetic rates. ALA biosynthesis rates and activities of PBG synthase were affected by phosphate supply, but contents of chlorophyll and carotenoids were not affected. And net photosynthetic rates were affected little by phosphate supply. __________ Translated from Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2005, 41(4) [译自:林业科学, 2005, 41(4)]     

A recommended rate for application of Chaetomium globosum ND35 fungus fertilizer on poplar plantations in China

Previous studies showed that Chaetomium globosum ND35 fungus fertilizer can improve the microbial community structure and enzyme activities of replanted soil.However, it remains unclear whether can improve the physiological and ecological characteristics of plants under successive rotation.In this study, we investigated the photosynthetic, physiological, and biochemical indexes including photosynthetic parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence, and chlorophyll content of 1-year-old poplar seedlings under seven different doses(range from 0 to1.67 g kg~(-1)) of C.globosum ND35 fungus fertilizer to study the effects of fungus fertilizer on photosynthesis of Poplar.Our results showed that:(1) With increasing application of fungus fertilizer in replanted soil, chlorophyll content of poplar leaves(Chl) increased, while physiological indexes such as electron transport rate(ETR),net photosynthetic rate(P_n), quantum efficiency(U),nitrate reductase(NR) activity and root vigor initially increased and then declined.Meanwhile, heat dissipation that depended on the xanthophyll cycle declined and nonphotochemical quenching(NPQ) initially increased and then decreased.When the dose of C.globosum ND35 fungus fertilizer was 0.67 g kg~(-1)(T3) and 1.00 g kg~(-1)(T4), excess light energy of photosynthetic apparatus was reduced, and photosynthetic apparatus distributed more light energy to the direction of photochemical reactions,which improved the efficiency of energy use.Plant height and biomass of leaves, stems, and roots were maximum at T3.We conclude that applying appropriate amounts of C.globosum ND35 fungus fertilizer can improve root physiological activity and capacity for use of light by poplar leaves.This can improve the operating states of the photosynthetic apparatus and lead to increased photosynthetic efficiency of poplar leaves and accumulation of dry matter.This suggests a strategy to alleviate the successive rotation obstacle of soil nutrient depletion.     

Drought susceptibility and recovery of transplanted Quercus rubra seedlings in relation to root system morphology

? Transplant shock, implicated by depressed seedling physiological status associated with moisture stress immediately following planting, limits early plantation establishment. Large root volume (Rv) has potential to alleviate transplant shock because of higher root growth potential and greater access to soil water.

? We investigated impacts of drought and transplant Rv on photosynthetic assimilation (A), transpiration (E), stomatal conductance (g _s ), predawn leaf xylem water potential (Ψ_L), and growth of northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) seedlings to explain mechanisms associated with susceptibility to transplant shock. One year-old barerooot seedlings were graded into four Rv categories and either well watered or subjected to drought consisting of low, medium, or high moisture stress by discontinuing irrigation at 22-day intervals for 3 months. Thereafter, all treatments were re-watered to examine recovery.

? Transplant shock was signified by reduced A, E, g _s, and Ψ_L, which generally increased with increasing moisture stress and Rv. Physiological status improved during recovery, though stress was still evident in seedlings exposed to medium or high moisture stress and in larger Rv seedlings. Growth declined with increasing moisture stress but was generally similar among Rv treatments, likely reflecting greater A at the whole plant level and/or reliance upon stored reserves in large Rv seedlings.

? The most effective drought avoidance mechanisms were root growth, stomatal regulation, reduced leaf area, and higher growth allocation to roots relative to shoots. Our results suggest that large initial Rv does not enhance drought avoidance during the first season after transplant in northern red oak seedlings.

     

单叶蔓荆生物生理特性的研究

对沙质海岸主要灌木树种单叶蔓荆在水分胁迫条件下光合速率、呼吸速率、蒸腾速率的变化情况进行了测定 ,用Logistic方程拟合 ,相关系数达 0 .98以上 ,显著相关 ,并与沙岸主要灌木树种紫穗槐和火炬树进行比较 ,分析了单叶蔓荆的耐旱能力 ,同时对单叶蔓荆扦插苗、断蔓苗的生长情况进行了比较系统的研究