应用1%苦参素植物杀虫剂防治落叶松尺蛾的研究

应用 1%苦参素植物杀虫剂以不同浓度的药液防治落叶松尺蛾 ( Erannis ankerariaStaudinger) ,林间防治试验表明 ,采用叶部喷雾的方法 ,对落叶松尺蛾幼虫有很好的防治效果 ,尤以1∶ 10 0 0倍液浓度杀虫效果最佳 ,施药后 72 h后检查 ,杀虫效果可达 10 0 %。     

长治地区槐尺蛾的生活习性调查及其药剂防治试验

对山西长治地区槐尺蛾的生活习性进行了调查,查悉槐尺蛾在长治地区1年发生4~5代,并了解到其的生活习性。选用不同浓度的氧化乐果、灭扫利、溴氰菊酯、灭幼脲、辛硫磷、来福灵以及苏云金芽孢杆菌等药剂对槐尺蛾2、3龄幼虫进行了室内防治实验,其试验结果表明,应用3种常规浓度的化学农药来福灵、溴氰菊酯及生物药剂苏云金芽孢杆菌防治槐尺蛾幼虫的效果最佳。     

辽阳地区木撩尺蛾危害成因及防治技术

田其有,黄永强(辽阳市森防站,辽宁辽阳　111000)　　木撩尺蛾(ＣｕｌｃｕｌａｐａｎｔｅｒｎａｒｉａＢｒｅｍｅｒｅｔＧｒｅｙ),又名木撩步曲、吊死鬼等,属鳞翅目尺蛾科。2000年8月,辽阳地区部分落叶松林突发木撩尺蛾危害,第2年发生面积进一步扩大,对落叶松林产生严重危害,大片落叶松林延缓、停止生长,部分树木出现枯枝或死亡,并引发其它虫害或病害发生。针对这一情况,我们对发生情况进行了调查和发生原因分析,并开展了防治工作。现将两年来的工作情况整理如下,供参考。1木撩尺蛾发生情况根据调查,2000～2001年木撩尺蛾在辽阳地区发生及经…     

春尺蛾生物学特性及防治对策初探

为了找到春尺蛾的有效控制方法,特对其生物学特性进行研究。通过野外调查和饲养观察相结合的手段,探明了春尺蛾的形态特征、生活习性,及其在湖北罗田县的生活史。针对春尺蛾的生物学特性,提出摘除卵块、翻耕灭蛹、阻止成虫产卵、灯光诱杀、药剂防治等相应的防治对策。     

烟剂防治落叶松鞘蛾试验简报

<正>落叶松鞘蛾Coleophora laricellaHubner.又名落叶松筒蛾,属鳞翅目,鞘蛾科,是落叶松的主要害虫之一。幼虫专食落叶松针叶,常使树冠变为赤褐色,严重影响着林木的生长和结实。为了寻求经济有效的防治方法,我局于1982至1983年,在邓栅子林场,地车沟7林班5小班,91亩22年生落叶松人工母树林中,对遭受此蛾危害的林分,采取了药剂机动常量弥雾、超低容量弥雾和烟剂熏杀等不同方法进行防治试验。从试验结果看,在成虫羽化期以烟剂防治效果最显著。     

华北落叶松鞘蛾防治技术的研究

笔者研究了黑光灯、苦参素杀虫剂、药剂(1.8%阿维菌素乳油、1.2%烟参碱、25%灭幼脲)喷雾、0.9%阿维菌素喷烟4种华北落叶松鞘蛾的防治技术。结果认为,黑光灯诱捕对落叶松鞘蛾有一定的防治效果,但作用较为局限。1%苦参素植物杀虫剂对华北落叶松鞘蛾幼虫具有较好的防治效果,1∶1 000的效果最佳。1.8%阿维菌素乳油、1.2%烟参碱和25%灭幼脲喷雾均对华北落叶松鞘蛾具有较好的防治效果,1.8%的阿维菌素乳油效果最明显。0.9%阿维菌素地面喷烟对防治华北落叶松鞘蛾成虫效果较好,选择1.0∶25的配比较经济。     

辽阳市弓长岭地区木撩尺蛾的危害与防治

该文对辽阳弓长岭地区木撩尺蛾的危害进行调查与防治方法试验。结果显示:受灾的林地越冬虫蛹基数较大,死亡率很低,是造成木撩尺蛾暴发的根本原因。物理防治以采取人工挖蛹、灯光诱杀效果较好。药剂防治应用25%灭幼脲Ⅲ号600倍液防治效果可达96.3%,80%敌百虫800倍液的防治效果可达99%,21%通杀乳油1 000倍液的防治效果可达98%,1.2%烟参碱乳油1 000倍液的防治效果可达70%,这几种药剂皆可用于木撩尺蛾的防治。     

桉树害虫油桐尺蛾林间防治试验

对桉树害虫油桐尺蛾幼虫进行林间药剂防治试验,结果表明:使用单剂生物药剂0.6%阿维菌素水剂4 000倍液、16 000 IU.mg-1苏云金杆菌粉剂1 000倍液喷雾防治幼虫,10 d后的防治效果达89%~97%;使用混合化学药剂A3B3C3、A2B2C3和A1B3C3这3种组合喷雾防治油桐尺蛾幼虫,7 d后的防治效果达84%以上;使用混合生物药剂a1b1c2、a1b3c3和a1b1c1这3种组合喷雾防治油桐尺蛾幼虫,10 d后的防治效果达80%~96%;使用烟雾剂柴油5 kg+20%氰戊菊酯乳油0.375 kg、柴油5 kg+20%氰戊菊酯乳油0.25 kg、柴油5 kg+20%氰戊菊酯乳油0.125 kg喷雾防治幼虫,7 d后的防治效果达89%以上。     

国槐主要害虫可持续防治技术

国槐是天津市主要绿化树种 ,受国槐尺蛾、槐蚜、桑白盾蚧、国槐红蜘蛛和国槐小卷蛾等害虫危害严重。无公害药剂防治技术、国槐小卷蛾性引诱剂的引进和应用等规范化防治技术的研究和实施 ,可持续控制这几种害虫的危害 ,减少喷药次数和喷药量 ,保护环境 ,节约防治费用     

超低量喷雾大面积防治春尺蛾试验简报

春尺蛾(Apocheima cinerarius Erschoff)又名沙枣尺蛾、柳尺蛾、杨尺蛾等,是一种食性杂、分布广、为害严重的食叶性害虫。近年来,在我省榆林沙区每隔3～5年暴发一次,少则几万亩,多则数十万亩,直接威胁着林木的正常生长。关于该虫的防治工作,以前多用化学药剂常规喷雾或飞防,费工费时,成本较高,特别是在水源缺乏的沙区应用更加困难。1986年,我们采用人工超低量喷雾进行了较大面积的防治。实践证明,这     

白音阿扁叶蜂老龄幼虫化学防治试验

对白音阿扁叶蜂防治试验,表明采用2.5%的功夫乳油5000倍液、4.5%的高效氯氰聚酯乳油5000倍液、50%的辛硫磷乳油2000倍液、80%的敌敌畏乳油2000倍液,都能达到理想的防治效果.两种菊酯类药剂成本相对较低,对环境污染也相对较小,在防治中可以推广应用.     

杨潜叶跳象化学防治技术的初步研究

本文通过利用5种药剂的5种浓度、采用喷雾、灌根2种施药方法,对杨潜叶跳象生活史中的4个时期进行防治试验,并进行了单株防治成本概算.用2.5%澳氰菊酯乳油2000倍、40%氧化乐果乳油500倍液灌根防治出蛰前成虫,防治效果达91%以上,且此法简便易行,经济合算.     

栎尺蛾生物学特性及其防治对策的研究

本文阐述了栎尺蛾的形态特征、生物学特性,该虫在秦岭林区1年发生1代,以蛹在土中越冬,同时观察分析了该虫的发生发展与立地条件的关系,进行了防治试验,提出了防治措施。     

海巴戟天的栽培及其利用

介绍了药用植物海巴戟天的自然分布、形态特征、栽培管理和病虫害的防治技术,报道了海巴戟天的 药用历史和现代医学研究结果以及产品开发现状,提出种植开发利用建议。     

The new European legislation on traditional herbal medicines: main features and perspectives

Under the Italian Presidency of the Council of the European Union (July 2003-December 2003) an agreement has been reached by the European Parliament and the Council on the approval of the proposal of Directive of the European Parliament and the Council amending the Directive 2001/83/EC as regards traditional herbal medicinal products. Once implemented in the E.U. Member States, this new Directive will remove the constraints that have made it difficult granting marketing authorisations of herbal substances and preparations as traditional medicinal products under the pre-existing Community legislation. The main features (i.e. traditional herbal medicine definition, simplified registration procedure, provisions for Community herbal monographs and Community list of herbal substances and preparations and establishment of the Committee for Herbal Medicinal Products) of this new Community legislation are analysed and discussed in the present paper together with some expected positive public health impacts.     

褛裳夜蛾生物学特性与防治研究

褛裳夜蛾是危害胡杨的一种食叶害虫,以幼虫取食嫩芽、嫩叶为害。该虫在额济纳旗天然胡杨林区一年发生一代,幼虫越冬,翌年4月中旬开始孵化,孵化不整齐,幼虫3龄,危害期45 d左右,成虫趋光性强、飞翔能力强、寿命长,虫态重叠明显。该虫发生受温度、林相、立地条件等环境影响。防治试验表明：在幼虫期机动喷雾进行无公害防治,效果较好;频振式杀虫灯诱杀成虫,捕虫量可观。     

小木蠹蛾雄蛾对雌蛾性信息素提取物及合成标准化合物的电生理反应

小木蠹蛾 (ＨｏｌｃｏｃｅｒｕｓｉｎｓｕｌａｒｉｓＳｔａｕｄｉｎｇｅｒ)是北京、天津等地园林树木白蜡、国槐、丁香、银杏、海棠等主要蛀干害虫 ,据 1 979年对北京市行道树的调查 (高瑞桐等 ,1 983;蒋三登等 ,1 983) ,遭此虫危害严重的地方被害株率高达 80 %以上。 1 998年再次调查发现 ,虫害程度有增无减 ,在一根长 50ｃｍ、直径8ｃｍ白蜡树段内幼虫达 2 63头。受害树株常发生风折、枯枝甚至整株死亡。同时幼虫从树干内排出粪屑挂满树枝树干或飘落地上 ,有碍市容卫生。防治方法主要是修除被害树干和施用化学药剂 ,长期使用这些方法不仅…     

Ethno-medicinal plants used by Bengali communities in Tripura,northeast India

Northeastern India has high medicinal plant diversity due to variance in topography and physiognomy. We documented the uses of various medicinal plants by the Bengali people of West district and South district of Tripura state for their own health care as well as for domesti-cated animals. Based on semi structured interviews, group discussions and information from local informants, a total of 93 species of medicinal plants of 52 families and 83 genera were documented. These plants were used to treat more than 55 different human diseases and 6 diseases of livestock. Sixty-eight plant species were used singly and the rest were used in combination with other species for therapeutic formulations of various diseases. Leaves of plants were most often used for most of the ethnobotanical preparations. Maximum consensus value of 96% was recorded for Chromolaena odorata （L.） King ＆amp;H. Rob., and the mini-mum was 15%for Bambusa balcooa Robx. Of the 93 plant species, 75 species showed pharmacological properties. Prospects for augmenting existing knowledge and enhancing the use of traditional medicinal plants are discussed.     

Über die natürlichen Krankheiten der Frostspanner Operophthera brumata L. und Erannis defoliaria Clerck (Lep., Geometridae) im Spessart,Bayern

Studies of the host-parasite relationships in populations of larvae of the family Geometridae collected from forest stands in the Spessart-mountains (Bavaria, Germany) were conducted in 1977. Four species of Microsporidia and one Nuclear-Polyhedrosis-Virus were recovered from larvae ofOperophthera brumata L. undErannis defoliaria Clerck. Three of the species of Microsporidia were identified asPleistophora schubergi Zwölfer 1927 (infecting intenstinal-carity).Pleistophora c. f.schubergi (infecting fat-body) andTelochania cheimatobiae Krieg 1956, while the fourth species of Nosematidae, differed from all species of Microsporidia at Geometridae previously described. The nameNosema operophthera sp. n. has been proposed for this pathogen. Data on the levels of infection of the natural populations of the pests are given in table 2. A downward trend in annual levels of the infection was noted. Of the larvae ofO. brumata collected in 1977 54% were infected, namely 30% byTelochania cheimatobiae 23% bothPleistophora and 2.5% by the mixt-infection ofNosema operophthera sp. n. andP. schubergi; while ofE. defoliaria 44% were infected, namely 30% by Nuclear-Polyhedrosis Virus and 6% byPl. schubergi. An ultrastructural study of the infection of cells ofErannis defoliaria by the Nuclear-Polyhedrosis Virus is presented. The virus develops in tracheal-matrix, hypoderm and fat-body cells. It meets all the criteria for incorporation into the Family Baculoviridae.     

西部特有野生树种欧李优良类型选择研究

为了更好地保护和利用欧李这个珍贵的野生资源,使其充分发挥治沙先锋作用及经济用途,开展了野生欧李的优良类型选择工作。经过几年的试验研究,选出了食用和药用2个优良类型,并在生产中进行了推广。