印度黄檀的试管繁殖

印度黄檀(Dalbergia sissoo)是尼泊尔一个用途广泛的乡土树种,在尼泊尔Terai地区被大量用于人工造林,以生产饲料、燃料和木材。由于在印度黄檀种源试验中,实生起源的树木间存在有相当大的表型变异,遗传改良将取决于对具有优良性状的单株进行选择,以及用无性的方法繁殖这些树木。然而,优良单株通过方便易行的无性     

桉树叶生长周期营养成分积累的动态研究

为了研究桉树生长过程中叶片基本营养成分积累的动态变化,本文采集广州镇龙和福和两地5种桉树叶片,测定其水分、粗蛋白质、乙醚提取物、灰分、钙、磷、草酸盐、中性洗涤纤维和能量值。结果表明：桉树叶水分和8种基本成分含量显著受采收季节、树种和种植地影响,5种桉树叶片营养成分的含量差异显著,季节变化规律各异。树种比较发现,巨桉和柳桉具有较高的营养价值和能量值以及较低的破坏性草酸盐含量,是适宜用作能量饲料的树种。镇龙产区桉树具有更高的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、钙、磷和能量值以及较低的草酸盐含量, 表明镇龙比福和更适宜种植饲料型桉树。     

圈养大熊猫对雷竹笋营养成分的表观消化率

用全收粪法研究了圈养大熊猫对雷竹笋营养成分的表观肖化率.结果表明:1)4只大熊猫对粗蛋白、粗脂肪的平均表观消化率分别为89.44％±1.67％和76.22％±8.67％;对中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、半纤维素的平均表观消化率分别为21.88％ +7.43％、l1.78％±5.69％和30.79％±7.46％.大熊猫对各种矿物元素的表观消化率中,Cu元素的平均表观消化率最低,为19.05％±11.07％;P元素表观消化率最高,为66.98％±6.24％.2)成年大熊猫与亚成年大熊猫粗蛋白的消化率无显著差异(P＞0.05);亚成体大熊猫粗脂肪的表观消化率极显著高于成体大熊猫(P＜0.01);雌性亚成体大熊猫对中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、半纤维素以及矿物元素P、Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn的表观消化率显著高于其他3只大熊猫(P＜0.05).这些结果对于拓展浙西地区优质的大熊猫食物资源具有重要意义.     

核桃花序饲用营养价值及应用展望

测定了核桃花序粗蛋白质、粗纤维、粗脂肪、灰分、胃蛋白酶消化率、氨基酸、部分矿物质和维生素的含量及胃蛋白酶消化率,结果表明,粗蛋白质含量为24.89%、粗纤维含量18.08%、粗脂肪含量为3.5%、灰分为13.01%、胃蛋白酶消化率63.65%,17种氨基酸的总量为12.17%,钙含量为0.46%、磷含量为0.57%。维生素B2含量为2.23 mg/kg,维生素E含量为7.16 IU/kg,维生素B1未检出。与其他饲料相比,核桃花序有综合开发价值大、成本低、安全性高的特点。     

圈养大熊猫对乌哺鸡竹笋营养成分的表观消化率

采用全收粪法研究了圈养大熊猫对乌哺鸡竹笋营养成分的表观消化率。研究表明:(1)大熊猫对乌哺鸡竹笋中粗蛋白、粗脂肪的平均表观消化率分别为85.64%±3.08%、77.55%±5.56%。不论成体还是亚成体,雄性个体对粗蛋白的消化率都高于雌性个体;此外,雄性亚成体蜀琳对粗脂肪的消化效率显著高于其它3只大熊猫(P<0.05)。(2)大熊猫蜀琳、科琳和安安对半纤维素、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的平均表观消化率分别为11.72%±5.60%、8.53%±2.76%、4.69%±2.51%,说明大熊猫具有一定的纤维素消化利用能力;不过老龄成体大熊猫吉吉几乎不能消化半纤维素、NDF、ADF。(3)大熊猫对乌哺鸡竹笋中常量矿质元素的平均表观消化率由高至低依次为P、Ca、Na、K、Mg,即70.23%±9.25%、66.42%±8.84%、47.74%±17.69%、45.65%±17.63%、43.04%±11.39%;相应地,对微量矿质元素的消化效率依次为Zn、Cu、Mn、Fe,即45.07%±12.12%、36.80%±15.20%、32.85%±15.53%、23.81%±12.32%。老龄大熊猫吉吉对P和K的消化效率显著高于其它3只大熊猫(P<0.05),但是对于Ca的消化率却最低(P<0.05);此外,2只亚成体对Cu的消化利用率均低于成体大熊猫。上述结果将为评价、筛选优质大熊猫主食竹提供参考。     

桉树生长周期叶片营养成分积累动态研究

为研究桉树生长过程中叶片基本营养成分积累的动态变化,采集广州市镇龙和福和两地5种桉树叶片,测定其相对含水量、粗蛋白质、乙醚提取物、灰分、钙、磷、草酸盐、中性洗涤纤维含量和热值。结果表明:桉树叶水分和8种基本成分含量显著受采收季节、树种和种植地影响(P0.05),5种桉树叶片营养成分的含量差异显著(P0.05),季节变化规律各异。树种比较发现,巨桉(Eucalyptus grandis)和柳桉(E.saligna)具有较高的营养价值和热值,破坏性草酸盐含量较低,是适宜用作能量饲料的树种。镇龙产区桉树叶片的粗蛋白、乙醚提取物、钙、磷含量和热值较高,草酸盐含量较低,更适宜种植饲料型桉树。     

Nutrient dynamics associated with leaf litter decomposition of three agroforestry tree species (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Azadirachta indica,Dalbergia sissoo</Emphasis>, and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Melia azedarach</Emphasis>) of Bangladesh

Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Dalbergia sissoo Roxb., and Melia azedarach L. are little studied species in nutrient return capabili- ties from leaf litter decomposition to maintenance of the soil fertility despite their importance in agroforestry practices of Bangladesh. A leaf litter decomposition experiment was conducted using a litterbag tech- nique to assess the nutrient return efficiency of these species. The de- composition rate of leaf litter was highest for M. azedarach and lowest for D. sissoo. Rainfall and temperature of study sites showed a signifi- cant (p<0.05) positive relationship with the rate of leaf litter decomposi- tion. The highest decay constant was observed for M. azedarach (6.67). Nitrogen and Phosphorus concentration in leaf litter showed a decreased trend sharply at the end of the first month, whereas rapid decrease of Potassium concentration was reported within 10 days. Conversely, higher concentration of nutrient was observed at the later stages of decomposi- tion. All three species showed a similar pattern of nutrient release (K > N > P) during the decomposition process of leaf litter. Among the studied species, D. sissoo was best in terms of N and P return and A. indica was best in terms of K return.     

妇女参与森林管理及其与政府的冲突

为保护和发展森林,尼泊尔廓尔喀县Jalbire的妇女在国际非官方组织——拯救儿童基金会(SCF)的资助下,于1989年成立了妇女森林利用小组(JWCFG),开展了营造村社林的活动。她们有3.9公顷林地,分两个小区,第1小区于1990年种植了印度黄檀(Dalbergia sissoo)、樟树(Cinnamomum camphora)和儿茶(Acacia catechu),林地中还有一些天然更新的树种。第二小区于1991年种植了白格     

妊娠后期梅花鹿母鹿精料营养成分分析及营养物质表观消化率测定

本研究采用化学分析和部分粪便收集法,对大连森林动物园妊娠后期梅花鹿精料营养成分及主要营养物质的表观消化率进行测定。结果表明:大连其精料中干物质(DM)含量为95.71%,粗蛋白(CP)为22.88%,粗脂肪(EE)为5.37%,粗纤维(CF)为4.16%,无氮浸出物(NFE)为56.21%,粗灰分(Ash)为7.09%,Ca为1.57%,总能(GE)含量为17.74mJ/kg;母鹿日干物质摄入量为1.26kg,DM、CP、CF、Ca和GE表观消化率分别为74.26%,74.26%,82.74%,69.38%,79.41%和78.25%。精料中主要营养成分、干物质日摄入量及营养物质消化率均较高,能满足妊娠后期梅花鹿母鹿在动物园这种特殊环境下的营养需要。     

孟加拉国Madhupur林区内不同森林树种中丛枝菌根多样性的研究

从 Madhupur 林区的不同地点采集了 Acacia auriculi-formis A. Cunn. ex Benth., A. mangium Wild., Artocarpus het-erophyllus Lamk. C., Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. ex A. P. D., Euca-lyptus camaldulensis Dehnn., Hevea brasiliensis (Wild. ex Juss) Muell. Arg., Swietenia macrophylla King. and Tectona grandis L. 8个树种的根和根际土。采用简单常规的根围土壤真菌孢子分离、形态鉴定和树木细根染色、显微镜观察等方法,进行了孟加拉国Madhupur林区内不同森林树种中丛枝菌根多样性的研究。图2表2参46。     

Performance of Zebu Steers Grazing on Western Tanzania Native Forages Supplemented with <Emphasis Type="Italic">Leucaena Leucocephala</Emphasis> Leaf Meal

Information is lacking on the potential of leguminous fodder trees such as Leucaena leucocephala as a feed resource to supplement the native forages in traditional grazing management systems in the tropics. Two studies were conducted (1) to assess traditional fodder banks’ forage nutritive potential on animal production, and (2) to investigate the effect of Leucaena leucocephala leaf meal (LLM) supplementation on growth of steers grazing standing hay basal forages in the dry season. The traditional forages had low nutritive values indicated by low mean crude protein (CP) of 23 g kg⁻¹ dry matter (DM), and high fibre contents of 717, 546 and 153 g kg⁻¹ DM for neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL), respectively. The forages were poorly degraded in sacco and had low metabolisable energy (ME) (4.2–4.6 MJ kg⁻¹ DM). Mean washing losses A, slowly degradable DM fraction, B, potential degradability, (A+B) and mean 48 h DM degradability (DMD) of grazing land forages were 70, 471, 541 and 326 g kg⁻¹ DM, respectively. In the supplementation study, 16 growing steers (160.8±0.24 kg) were randomly allocated into four groups, in a completely randomized design. Four LLM treatment diets (T1, T2, T3 and T4), with four levels: 0, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 kg DM for control, low, medium and high LLM levels, respectively, were randomly allocated to the animals in the four groups for 70 days (d). LLM supplementation (p<0.05) improved mean weight gain from −0.30 to 0.26 kg steer⁻¹ d⁻¹, for T1 and T4, respectively. Steers on T4 gained (p<0.05) more weight compared to the animals in T1 and T2, though there was no (p>0.05) difference in weight gains between animals on T3 and T4 (0.14 vs. 0.26 kg steer⁻¹ d⁻¹, respectively). Standing hay basal forages alone could not sustain animal productivity during dry seasons unless corrected for protein. Higher levels of LLM supplementation prevented weight losses and improved the performance of grazing steers, a management practice thought appropriate to low income pastoralists in semiarid western Tanzania.     

Biomass Production and Chemical Composition of Moringa oleifera under Different Management Regimes in Nicaragua

The effects of different planting densities (250,000, 500,000 and 750,000 plants ha⁻¹) and cutting frequencies (45, 60 and 75 days) on the biomass production and chemical composition of Moringa oleifera was studied in a completely randomised split plot design with four blocks, in Managua, Nicaragua, located geographically at 12°08′15′′ N and 86°09′36′′ E. The 75 day cutting frequency produced the highest fresh matter yield, 100.7 and 57.4 Mg ha⁻¹ year⁻¹, and dry matter (DM) yield, 24.7 and 10.4 Mg ha⁻¹ year⁻¹, during the first and second year, respectively. All planting densities produced the highest DM yield at 75 day cutting frequency. In the first year, the density of 750,000 plants ha⁻¹ produced the highest fresh matter yield, 88.0 Mg ha⁻¹ and highest DM yield, 18.9 Mg ha⁻¹, but in the second year the density of 500,000 plants ha⁻¹ gave the highest yields, 46.2 Mg ha⁻¹ and 8.1 Mg ha⁻¹, respectively. During the first year, DM (22.8%), neutral detergent fibre (NDF) (30.8%) and ash (9.14%) contents were highest and in vitro DM digestibility (IVDMD) (68.2%) was lowest in the longest cutting interval, while contents of crude protein (CP) (22.8%) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) (22.8%) were not affected significantly by cutting frequency. In the second year, DM and CP contents and IVDMD were not significantly affected by cutting frequency, whereas NDF, ADF and ash contents were lowest in the 60 day cutting frequency. Planting density had no significant effect on chemical composition or IVDMD. These data suggest that Moringa forage could be an interesting protein supplement for ruminants.     

Fodder Yield and Nutritive Value of Browse Species in West African Humid Tropics: Response to Age of Coppice Regrowth

Several indigenous and exotic browse species with potential for development of agroforestry technologies in the humid tropics of west Africa have been identified, but information on their fodder yield and quality, and how this is influenced by age of coppice regrowth is scanty and limited to a few species. The effect of age of coppice of regrowth (8, 12, 16, and 20 weeks) on fodder yield, and concentrations of crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), acid detergent lignin (lignin), and acid detergent ash (ADF-Ash) in the fodder of 27 browse species was studied in the humid forest zone of southeastern Nigeria. The fodder yield, and concentrations of NDF, ADF and lignin increased (p<0.05), while CP declined (p<0.05) with increasing age of coppice regrowth for all the browse species. The ADF-Ash concentrations of eight browse species increased linearly (p<0.05), while that of 19 species followed a quadratic (p<0.05) trend in response to increasing age of coppice regrowth. Bauhinia monandra, Calliandra calothyrsus, Dalbergia sissoo, Enterolobium cyclocarpum, Grewia pubescens, Gliricidia sepium, Leucaena leucocephala, Senna spectabilis, and Terminalia superba were identified to have high potential for the development of integrated crop-livestock agroforestry technologies in the west African humid tropics based on fodder yield, concentrations of CP, NDF, ADF and lignin. Coppice regrowth of the promising species could be harvested between 16 and 20 weeks to maximize yield and quality of the fodder. The results showed that fodder yield and chemical composition could be used to identify browse species for the development of agroforestry technologies for smallholder crop-livestock farming systems.     

Feed value of multipurpose fodder trees and shrubs in West Africa: edible forage production and nutritive value of Millettia thonningii and Albizia lebbeck

Millettia thonningii (Schum. & Thonn.) Bak., a nitrogen fixing shrub native to Africa and Albizia lebbeck Benth, were harvested at 0.50 m above ground level after one year of establishment to determine edible forage production. Harvests were made at the end of the main (April–August) and minor (September–November) wet, and dry (December–March) seasons for two years. Dry season edible forage samples were analyzed for concentrations of crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), cellulose (CL), soluble phenolics (SOPH) and proanthocyanidins (PAs). In sacco dry matter (DM) and nitrogen (N) degradation and in vitro gas production (GP) characteristics were also determined on dry season edible forage samples. Edible forage production of M. thonningii was significantly lower than A. lebbeck during the wet seasons. Millettia thonningii had relatively lower CP and PAs, but higher NDF, ADF, ADL, CL and SOPH than A. lebbeck. In sacco DM and N degradation and in vitro GP parameters of M. thonningii were significantly lower than A. lebbeck. Parameters of in sacco DM degradation and in vitro GP were highly correlated. Millettia thonningii appeared to be of lower feed value than A. lebbeck based on edible forage production, chemical composition, in sacco DM and N degradation and in vitro GP characteristics.     

Early growth and seasonal chemical composition of three indigenous multipurpose tree species (MPTS) in Abeokuta,Nigeria

A study was carried out to evaluate the growth parameters and nutritive qualities of Moringa oleifera, Millettia griffoniana and Pterocarpus santalinoides. The main objective of the study was to assess the potential of the MPTS in supplementing the feed of ruminant animals during the dry season when grasses are scarce and their quality generally fall short of animal requirements. Leaf samples were randomly collected from the trees for estimation of the proximate composition, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre and gas production using the in vitro technique. Samples were collected three times to represent seasonal variations as follows: November: Early Dry; February: Mid Dry and April: Late Dry seasons. Gas production was recorded at 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h of incubation. Mortality rate was less than 5%. M. oleifera recorded the best overall growth respectively followed by P. santalinoides and M. griffoniana. P. santalinoides and M. oleifera retained more leaves in the dry season than M. griffoniana. The dry matter (DM) and ether extract (EE) contents of the MPTS were significantly (P < 0.05) affected by seasons and plant species while there were significant (P < 0.05) species effects on the CP and ADF values. The gas production values and the fermentation parameters indicated the presence of potentially degradable nutrients in the MPTS, which underscores the importance of the tree species as sources of nutrient for ruminant animals during the dry season.     

Nutrient intake,digestibility and rumen fermentation characteristics of sheep fed on selected forage sweet potato cultivars

Selected forage sweet potato cultivars (Ipomoea batatas Lam) have superior forage characteristics, have high rates of regeneration after harvest, are able to smother weeds and can tolerate diseases and moisture stress. However, little information is documented on their feeding value. The study objective was to determine nutrient intake, digestibility and rumen fermentation characteristics of sheep fed on four selected forage sweet potato cultivars (K158, Marooko, Mugande and Wagabolige). Cultivars did not influence intake of dry matter (DM) (93.8–98.1), organic matter (OM) (82.0–85.6), neutral detergent fibre (NDF) (37.6–38.8 g/kg W^0.75) and metabolizable energy (0.94–0.99 MJ/kg W^0.75); digestibility of DM (740.3–744.1) and OM (747.0–751.7 g/kg DM) and intake of digestible DM (69.8–72.6) and OM (61.3–64.4?g per kg W^0.75); rumen pH (6.80–6.86), molar percentages of acetate (68.34–69.59), propionate (21.35–22.58), butyrate (7.43–7.57) and acetate to propionate ratio (3.03–3.20). Cultivars influenced intake of crude protein (CP) (10.7–16.9) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) (25.9–28.5 g/kg W^0.75). Digestibility of CP (655.7–821.1), NDF (594.1–712.8) and ADF (477.0–483.7 g/kg DM); intake of digestible CP (7.0–13.9) and NDF (22.4–27.7?g per kg W^0.75) were also influenced by cultivar. CP and NDF digestibility differed among all four cultivars with Morooko and K158 having the highest CP and NDF digestibility, respectively. Sheep fed on K158 and Wagabolige ingested similar quantities of digestible CP (11.6–11.8?g per kg W^0.75), which was lower than in Marooko (13.9?g per kg W^0.75). The four cultivars provided superior feeds to sheep which classify them as high quality forages. Hence they have the potential to improve livestock production in Kenya.     

Ruminal in situ disappearance kinetics of six nutritive ingredients in leaves and stems of young tetraploid black locust in growing steers

Tetraploid black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) is a woody plant with larger leaves and richer nutritional content than normal diploid black locust, with greater biomass and wider adaptability than herbaceous plant forage. However, currently no stockbreeders have adopted it as a major forage in China and other countries for a lack of information on the evaluation of nutritional ingredients of leaves and stems of young tetraploid black locust (YTBL) by in situ digesting tests. The objectives of this study were: 1) to assess the nutritive value of YTBL that bourgeoned from root stumps in the spring by determining the ruminal in situ disappearance kinetics of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) from leaves, stems and a mixture of both leaves and stems (MLS) of YTBL; 2) to compare these kinetic estimates with those of Leymus chinensis, a widely used ruminant forage in China. All samples were evaluated in situ by using five ruminally cannulated crossbred steers (550±22.7 kg BW). The results of 48 hours, the representative incubation period, indicate that in situ disappearance rates of DM and OM in YTBL leaves, stems and MLS are on average about 40% and can attain the level of digestibility of L. chinensis. In situ disappearance rates of leaves, stems and MLS of YTBL for CP and EE were 41% and 58% respectively, rates higher than those of L. chinensis. But the disappearance rates of NDF and ADF were, on average, respectively 30.62% and 24.89% and lower than those of L. chinensis. By analyzing synthetically all of our results it could be inferred that MLS of YTBL offers effective ruminal degradability of DM, NDF, ADF, CP, EE and OM, similar to the nutrients of L. chinensis. This supports our contention that the YTBL leaves, stems and MLS are suitable feed for those ruminants requiring high levels of nutrients, such as dairy cows and Boer goats, instead of plant forage, which is decidedly lacking in some parts of the world.     

Intake and relative palatability indices of acacia species fed to sheep and goats

An experiment was conducted to determine preference intake and relative palatability indices of Acacia karroo, Acacia nilotica, Acacia tortilis, Acacia sieberiana and Acacia rhemniana in sheep and goats using a completely randomized design. The size of Experimental Farm from which the browses were harvested was 1842.75 ha. The leaf samples were randomly collected from various young trees. The samples were analysed for proximate composition, measured for intake and relative palatability indices of sheep and goats. Dry matter (DM) content ranged from 917.4 to 936.8 g/kg DM and organic matter from 822.9 to 892.2 g/kg DM. All acacia species contained crude protein content (CP) of more than 7–17% required for grazing animals. The content of neutral detergent fibre (ADF) and acid detergent fibre ranged from 372.8 to 658.1 and 150.0 to 464.6 g/kg DM, respectively and were significantly (P < 0.05) different among the species. All of the acacia species had low levels (0–5.57 g/kg DM) of condensed tannins. The intakes of all feeds except A. karroo and A. rhemniana were high in both sheep and goats. The leaves from A. sieberiana had the highest palatability indice (Pi) while those of A. rhemniana had the lowest Pi in both sheep and goats. It was concluded that there was an effect of acacia species on intake and relative palatability indices. Species A. sieberiana, A. nilotica and A. tortilis have potential as livestock fodder, based on moderate to high CP value, low ADF, low tannins, high intake and relative palatability indices.     

Alchornea cordifolia,a promising indigenous browse species adapted to acid soils in southeastern Nigeria for integrated crop-livestock agroforestry production systems

Dry matter (DM) production, crude protein, phosphorus fibre contents and goat preference for eight indigenous browse species,Alchornea cordifolia, Diallum guineense, Ficus capensis, Baphia nitida, Manniophytum fulvum, Homalium aylmeri, Glyphaea brevis andRauwolfia vomitoria, and for two exotics,Leucaena leucocephala andGliricidia sepium, in cultivated plots were compared on acid soil in southeastern Nigeria. Total DM production was higher (P<0.05) forAlchornea cordifolia than for the other browse species.Glyphaea brevis andL. leucocephala were the most preferred species, whileA. cordifolia, G. sepium andR. vomitoria were the least. Mean crude protein content of browse species in this study was higher, whileP and neutral detergent fibre were lower than reported for other browse species in Nigeria. It is argued that the ultimate goal of a crop-livestock agroforestry system such as alley farming, could be better achieved through the complementary use of browse species.     

Shrub yield and fodder quality variations in a non-tropical dryland environment in West Asia

Integration of shrubs into the smallholder crop-rangeland-livestock farming systems in non-tropical dry areas could reduce feed gaps, rangeland degradation and desertification, but data on yield and fodder quality of most native and exotic shrubs are scanty. The study aimed at identifying shrubs for dryland agroforestry based on agronomic and fodder quality attributes. Fodder and wood yield, percent fodder (FBR) and fodder quality of 26 non-legume shrubs were determined from 6 to 8 months regrowth in north-west Syria. Seed yield was estimated from plants that were not cut. Fodder (31–87 Mg DM ha⁻¹), wood (16-2064 Mg DM ha⁻¹) and seed (0-132 Mg DM ha⁻¹) yield, FBR (24–87%), fodder concentrations of crude protein (69–195 g kg⁻¹.), acid detergent lignin (ADL) (24–109 g kg⁻¹), acid detergent fiber (ADF) (102–267 g kg⁻¹), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (214–526 g kg⁻¹), in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) (391–526 g kg⁻¹), and in vitro gas production after 24 h of incubation (25–39 ml 200 mg⁻¹ DM) varied (P < 0.05) among the shrubs. Atriplex halimus-halimus and A. herba-alba from Spain, A. canescens, A. ploycarpa and A. lentiformis from USA, A. halimus and A. herba-alba from Syria and A. nummularia from Australia and South Africa had greater potential for development of dryland agroforestry technologies. The promising shrubs could be integrated into the rangeland-crop-livestock systems in non-tropical dryland environs to provide fodder, fuel-wood, shade, medicine, stabilize sand-dunes, and sequester carbon; thereby contributing to mitigation of rangeland degradation and global warming; if major constraints to adoption of fodder trees such as agronomic problems, low multipurpose value, land shortage and quality seed supply could be overcome.