基于有限元的大型枝丫粉碎机切削力分析

对枝丫粉碎机的切削力进行研究,推导出切削力的计算公式,找出影响切削力的因素,并对受切削力作用的飞刀进行ANSYS有限元分析。     

基于ABAQUS的圆锯片切削竹筒仿真试验研究

为降低伐竹机械工作过程中所受切削力，寻找最优切削参数组合，基于ABAQUS对圆锯片结构进行约束模态分析，对切削竹筒过程进行仿真模拟。通过单因素试验研究了圆锯片转速Vc、进给速度Vf、切削倾角θ和齿数Z对峰值切削力的影响，并以上述4个因素为影响因素，峰值切削力为评价指标进行正交试验以获得优化参数组合。结果表明：峰值切削力随着转速、进给速度和切削倾角的增加先减小后增大，随着齿数的增加而减小。当圆锯片转速为3 000 r/min、进给速度为0.2 m/s、倾斜角度为10°、齿数为40 T时，可在一定程度上降低圆锯片所受切削力，并且切削断面平整。研究结论可为伐竹机械的设计提供参考。     

沙柳材端向切削特性的研究

为了明确影响灌木材端向切削力的主要因素,改进削片机性能,提高灌木材削片质量,笔者研究了不同刀具前角、切削厚度和不同含水率对沙柳(Salix psammophila)材端向切削力的影响。结果表明刀具前角对法向力的影响较小,对主切削力影响较大;切削厚度对主切削力的影响较为明显,随切削厚度的增加,主切削力明显增加;沙柳材含水率15％以下主切削力随含水率增加略有增大,之后逐渐减小,其中含水率在30％-70％之间时,切削力变化不大。     

切削参数对木材切削力的影响

为了提供圆锯片合理设计与使用的依据,对水曲柳、杉木和樟子松3种木材进行闭式切削试验,研究锯齿前角、切削厚度、切削速度等参数对切削力的影响规律。结果表明:主切削力和法向切削力均随锯齿前角的增大而减小,随切削厚度的增加而增大,而受切削速度的影响较小。根据试验结果,提出不同密度木材切削参数设置的建议。     

锯齿磨损变钝程度对木质材料切削力影响的研究

采用锯齿磨损变钝程度不同的硬质合金切削刀具对三种木材(杉木、樟子松、水曲柳)和两种人造板(中密度纤维板、刨花板)进行闭式切削实验,研究锯齿磨损变钝程度对木质材料切削力的影响规律。实验结果表明,随着刀具磨损变钝程度的增加,主切削力和法向力都呈增大趋势,且法向力的增幅更明显。负间隙C对中纤板主切削力、法向力以及刨花板法向力的影响曲线类似,均为先缓慢上升,再急剧增加,然后又趋于平缓;刨花板主切削力随负间隙C的增加而不断增加。     

切削方向对木材切削力的影响

以杉木、樟子松、水曲柳等三种木材为试验对象,采用闭式切削方式,研究切削方向对木材主切削力的影响.结果表明:不同切削方向时,木材主切削力大小具有明显的各向异性,主要趋势为端向主切削力最大,横向最小.相同切削方向时,水曲柳主切削力最大,杉木最小;木材不同截面的主切削力呈现规律性变化,但3种木材间的差异较大.     

实木地板榫槽铣削力的试验分析

【目的】以实验为基础,研究实木地板榫槽铣削加工中切削参数对切削力的影响,为不同切削工艺下加工参数的优化以及设置提供参考依据,达到提高加工质量、延长刀具寿命并用以指导生产的目的。【方法】以山毛榉材地板为试验材料,运用木材切削机理对切削速度、进给速度及切削宽度3个参数进行单因素试验,并采集切削过程中随着切削参数变化产生的切削力值,揭示在顺铣和逆铣方式下不同切削参数对实木地板榫槽铣削力的影响规律。【结果】在不同铣削方式下,随着切削速度的增大,XYZ方向的切削力总体呈降低趋势;随着进给速度和切削宽度的增大呈现升高的趋势,顺铣加工时XYZ 3个方向的铣削力变化相比逆铣加工的波动趋势小,稳定性要好。通过对铣削力回归模型进行方差分析,可知R2(Fdown)=0.9490,R2(Fup)=0.8516,均接近1,回归效果显著,验证了铣削力模型的合理性。【结论】通过对比相同切削参数在不同工艺条件下产生的切削力变化,可知顺铣加工稳定性高于逆铣加工。     

基于直角自由切削的木塑复合材料切削质量研究北大核心

为探究不同刀具前角与切削厚度对木塑复合材料直角自由切削加工时切削力、切削温度及表面粗糙度的影响,采用直角自由切削方式,以3种不同因素水平设计12组试验,使用高速摄像机、压电测力仪、红外热成像仪分别进行切屑形态拍摄、切削力和切削区域温度的测定。结果表明:刀具前角与切削厚度会直接影响切削力、切削温度及表面粗糙度,且随着切削厚度的不同会产生不同形态的切屑。切削力、切削温度越大,表面粗糙度值也越大,即加工表面质量越差;切削力与切削温度越小,则加工表面质量越好。使用较小前角刀具加工较大切削厚度时,产生连续型切屑时的切削力、切削温度及表面粗糙度均大于使用较大前角刀具进行较小切削厚度加工时产生不连续型切屑时的值。因此,在木塑复合材料实际生产加工过程中,粗加工时可选择大切削厚度快速切除多余材料,精加工时则采用较大刀具前角和较小切削厚度以获得更好的加工表面质量,提升生产效率。     

木质材料无屑切削机理及切削力的研究

对木质材料切削中比较特殊的一类切削方式———无屑切削的切削机理及切削力进行了理论上的研究,并在单板切条试验机上进行试验验证。研究证明,楔型刀锯进行木质材料无屑切削时,其切削力受木材的树种、切削方向、锯片尺寸、角度参数及切削用量的影响较大。     

自制测力仪用于木材三向切削力的测定

评定木材切削刀具的切削性能及切削表面的加工质量时，均需测定木材切削时的三向切削力：主切削力、进给力及侧向力，因此设计一台合适的三向测力仪成为关键。本文以单一八角环为基础，引申出单向延伸式八角环、组合式八角环及双向延伸式八角环测力仪，并逐一分析其结构特点及应用于木材三向切削力测定的可行性。最终确定双向延伸式四耳环八角环性能最优，并对其进行设计、制选、标定及切削试验。试验结果表明该型完全符合木材三向切削力测定的要求。     

GJ-85油锯最佳匹配参数的研究

按国产GJ-85油锯的结构参数,采用二次回归正交试验设计方法,在试验台上进行一系列模拟试验,对测得的数据进行了分析和处理,得出锯木功率、锯木生产率和单位面积能耗同锯链切削速度、进锯力和锯口长度之间的关系式。根据关系式求出单位面积能耗最小时的锯切状态即最佳匹配时参数。经计算分析,对GJ-85油锯提出了改进提高的理论依据和合理运用的条件。     

Orthogonal cutting mechanics of maple: modeling a solid wood-cutting process

The experimental results of orthogonal cutting of maple and the modeling of the cutting mechanics are presented. The tool cutting forces were measured for different feed rates. A set of equations relating the tangential and feed forces to the tool edge width and feed rate (chip thickness) to calculate the chip and edge cutting force coefficients was developed. Then the chip force and edge force coefficients were calculated from experimentally obtained cutting forces and were plotted in a polar-coordinate system with respect to the fiber orientation of the maple disk. The polar-coordinate presentation of the cutting force results and the calculated cutting force coefficients provides an excellent visual appreciation of the relation between the cutting forces and the wood fiber orientation. Chips were also collected from various sectors of the wood disk. This analysis further identified the effects of fiber orientation and cutting forces on the types of chip formed and hence the cutting mechanics involved. By applying the calculated cutting coefficients for each tool orientation (in respect to the grain) it is possible to predict the feed and tangential forces for any feed rates. There is good agreement between the predicted and measured cutting forces.     

Towards a model predicting cutting forces and surface quality in routing layered boards

The general aim of work reported here was to assist designers and operators of routers and similar tools for cutting wood-composite boards, by providing a model predicting cutting force components from readily available material properties. This initial study explored, for edge cutting, the variation within a single medium density fibre board across the thickness and in various cutting directions in the plane of the board. Material properties of interest were specific gravity and friction coefficient. In slow linear cutting on a modified milling machine, carbide router inserts cut the edges of layers cut from a medium density fibre board. Specific gravity and coefficient of sliding friction were measured for each layer. Cuts were also made on full-thickness edges in various directions in the plane of the board. Chip thickness was varied from 0.025 to 0.8 mm. Parallel and normal force data and digital video images of chip formation were stored for analysis. Specific gravity increased as the fourth power of the distance from the central plane to the surface. Friction coefficient values, estimated both from cutting forces and from rubbing forces during return, varied about a value of 0.23, with no significant difference between layers. The values for cutting force per mm width of cut increased progressively from the central plane to the surface, in a logarithmic relation with specific gravity. The cutting forces did not vary with cutting direction in the plane of the board. For a sharp edge with 32° rake angle cutting at chip thickness values above 0.1 mm, the normal force component was negative, indicating reduced feed force and improved surface quality. With dulling, the threshold value of chip thickness for this increased. It is concluded that elaboration of this approach would generate relationships suitable for incorporating in a useful general model. However, it may be found that weight per unit area of board will suffice as a proxy for cutting resistance in modelling the cutting of full-thickness edges. Received 10 June 1999     

Bending and indentation tests to determine chipboards' mechanical strength critical stresses and their correlation to the specific cutting force in milling

The determination of particleboard (chipboard) mechanical strength critical stresses and their correlation to a specific cutting force in chipboard milling are introduced. This correlation is based on bending and indentation tests, on a finite elements method (FEM) simulation of the chip formation and flow mechanism in chipboard milling, as well as on cutting force components measurements. The obtained results, by means of these procedures, were used to verify the FEM calculated milling force time course and to explain the chip formation and the cutting force fluctuation. Moreover, owing to these results, the experimentally and analytically determined chipboard and layer elasticity, as well as small and large scale plasticity strength values, were correlated to the corresponding specific cutting force, considering concrete cutting edge revolving positions during milling. In this way, chipboard materials strength critical stresses can be determined automatically, taking into account their correlation to the specific cutting force, individually defined through cutting force components measurements. The developed procedure can be used beneficially in monitoring the mechanical strength properties of chipboards under production conditions.     

刀片及圆锥螺旋钻尖的三维建模和优化分析

建立刀片在工作过程中的受力模型,得出刀片切土角和安装角的合理选取范围。通过分析螺旋线的形成原理,建立了锥形面螺旋线的统一方程,并对圆锥螺旋钻尖的翼片刀刃部分进行了优化分析。     

不同坡度及作用力对伐木作业者心率及伐木锯切周期的影响

油锯伐木作业动作重复性高,劳动强度大,其强度达到重体力劳动等级(段铁成,2010)。由于我国伐区作业条件不同,对油锯手的生理与心理影响较大,导致作业效率因环境变化而变化(王立海等,1995)。如何使油锯手在高强度作业与不利的环境条件下保持比较高的作业效率,能保障作业人员的     

Characteristics of sugar maple wood surfaces machined with the fixed-oblique knife pressure-bar cutting system

Oblique cutting differs from orthogonal cutting by an inclination given to the knife edge, which induces several changes on tool geometry, cutting forces, as well as on the quality of machined surfaces. In this work, a pressure bar was used during oblique cutting to reduce the occurrence of torn grain. The effects of cutting depth, rake angle, and oblique angle on cutting forces and surface quality were studied. Surface topography, cell damage and wetting properties were used to assess surface quality. All force components were increased by increasing cutting depth and decreasing rake and oblique angles. The lateral force, however, increased as the oblique angle increased. The surface roughness increased with increasing the lateral cutting force. Higher cutting depths and oblique angles tended to provide higher surface roughness, while higher rake angles tended to reduce surface roughness. The pressure bar was not always able to completely prevent the occurrence of defects when cutting against the grain. The occurrence of machining defects increased at higher cutting depths and oblique angles. As the rake angle decreased, the type of machining defect tended to change from torn grain to slight fuzzy grain. Moreover, the best wetting properties were obtained at lower rake angles, as they induced higher surface roughness. A 25° rake angle, a 30° oblique angle, and thinner cutting depths should be preferred to reduce dependence on ulterior sanding.     

竹材弦面纵向切削的研究

研究了竹材弦面纵向切削的3种切削方式(单劈刀切削、单刨刀切削及并列式双刨刀切削)及单刨刀切削时的切削阻力,结果表明:对竹材采用劈或刨的切削方式,均可进行弦面纵向切削并能获得质量较好的竹蔑。竹材的节间、节部、切削厚度、含水率及切削速度等因素对切削阻力均有不同程度的影响。节部切削阻力明显高于节间切削阻力;切削阻力随切削厚度的增大而增大,两者成线性关系;含水率增大时,节间切削阻力减小,而节部切削阻力变化不大;切削速度增大时,节间切削阻力基本上是下降的,而节部切削阻力是增大的。