常绿叶落叶阔叶树叶中N和P的变化及转移

从叶完全展开到生长季结束对常绿阔叶树种铁冬青、红楠和海桐及落叶阔叶树种日本朴，银杏和Lai木叶的N和P浓度进行了定期测定。结果表明，常绿阔叶树种新叶的N和P浓度从5-7月急剧下降，然后小幅波动，而老叶的N和P浓度变化缓慢。落叶阔叶树种的N和P浓度随着季节的推移而明显下降。大多数树种的P转移率大N转移率。常绿阔叶树种的N和P的转移率大于落叶阔叶树种。     

青岛市常绿阔叶树种及园林应用调查分析

从树种种类、观赏特点、配置方式、观赏效果及应用频度5个方面对青岛园林中常绿阔叶树种资源进行了实地调查。调查结果表明,有58种常绿阔叶树种属青岛原产或已引种成功,生长良好。系统分析了常绿阔叶树种在青岛园林中的应用现状,对常绿阔叶树种的选择、推广应用等方面提出了参考建议。     

针叶林阔叶化改造目的树种选择研究

通过调查与试验,结合有关研究成果,筛选出105种以乡土树种为主的针叶林阔叶化改造的优良常绿和落叶阔叶目的树种.从地带性建群树种、广泛应用程度、技术熟化程度并充分考虑阔叶树种的防火型、生态型、经济型、景观型等多功能,分别5个选择层次,其中第一层次的首选树种有木荷等11种,第二选择层次为石栎等10种,第三选择层次为马褂木等4种,第四选择层次为刨花楠等44种,第五选择层次为短柄枹等36种.     

闽北乡土阔叶树幼年生长与立地互作效应

利用设置在福建省建瓯市的闽北乡土阔叶树种试验示范林测定材料 ,研究其早期生长表现差异、对立地的反应敏感性及与立地互作等。结果表明 ,不同阔叶树种的早期生长差异巨大 ,其中南酸枣和光皮桦的早期生长最为迅速 ,火力楠、马褂木、乳源木莲、枫香、丝栗栲次之 ,观光木、罗浮栲和闽粤栲等生长相对较缓。研究发现 ,多数落叶阔叶树种的高径生长对立地条件反应敏感 ,而一些常绿阔叶树种对立地的反应则较为迟钝。统计分析结果揭示 ,不仅存在显著的树种效应和立地效应 ,而且树种与立地的互作效应也非常显著 ,不同阔叶树种的遗传稳定性差异较大。为达到阔叶树种与立地环境的优化配置 ,制定了不同阔叶树种的立地选择原则     

峨眉山常绿阔叶林常绿和落叶物种叶片C、N、P研究

采用常规方法对峨眉山常绿阔叶林的常绿和落叶物种植物C、N、P含量及其之间的相互关系进行了研究,结果表明:①峨眉山常绿阔叶林常绿物种叶片C、N、P平均含量分别为42.30%、1.46%、0.10%;落叶物种叶片C、N、P平均含量分别为41.078%、1.59%和 0.12%.常绿和落叶物种植物叶片N-P成极显著的乘幂关系,而C-N和C-P关系不显著;②峨眉山地区常绿阔叶林常绿物种叶片N/P比平均值为14.48,落叶物种的N/P比平均值为13.61,其对生态环境的适应性较低;③在峨眉山海拔700、1 100和1 500 m处,植物叶片N-P亦成显著的关系,而植物叶片C-N和C-P关系不显著.     

南京中山陵风景区常绿阔叶树种引进及风景林林相改造技术的研究

根据中山陵风景名胜区森林景观建设的需求和遭受松材线虫病危害，严重影响着森林景观的现状，在遭受松材线虫病危害的松林及杂阔林内应用“林下补阔技术”，引进了若槠、香樟、石楠、大叶女贞、木荷、海桐、乐昌含笑和深山含笑等常绿阔叶树种，进行常绿阔叶树与松树、常绿阔叶树与落叶阔叶树异龄复层混交，以形成较稳定的含常绿树种成分的复层混交森林群落，增加树种的多样性，丰富森林绿景，改善林相结构，进一步提高森林生态系统的稳定性和景观质量。并为风景林林相改造研究出了常绿阔叶树种深山含笑、乐晶含笑异地扩大繁殖播种育苗技术，为林相改造提供了造林新树种。     

长三角城市乡土树种的天然林木群落分析与应用

长三角城市群园林绿化程度很高,但一些城市仍缺少乡土树种特色,危及生态系统稳定。长三角地跨北、中两个亚热带,有三类林木群落组成,即含有常绿阔叶树种的落叶阔叶林、落叶常绿阔叶混交林、常绿阔叶林。长三角范围乡土树种丰富,城市绿化以乡土树种为主,应大力推广应用。     

常绿阔叶树种在石家庄园林景观中的应用

调查了石家庄园林中常绿阔叶树种类、越冬表现及园林应用形式,根据常绿阔叶树种的生态习性及越冬表现;讨论了石家庄引种一些常绿阔叶树的可行性及常绿阔叶树种在石家庄冬季园林景观中的作用。     

基于控制实验的6个典型亚热带树种空气负离子效应

[目的]比较分析不同树种的生理特性差异及其对空气负离子(NAI)浓度影响,为探究森林植被对NAI作用机理提供理论依据。[方法] 2018年6—9月,在中国林科院亚热带林业研究所人工气候室内,分别对6个典型亚热带树种NAI效应进行连续定位监测,选择无植株的土盆作为空白对照,并对各树种叶片形态特征、叶绿素荧光参数、叶绿素含量等性状特征进行测定和分析。[结果]人工气候室放入植株后,NAI浓度均极显著高于对照组(P0.01);植株NAI浓度由高到低依次为:红豆杉(876 ion·cm~(-3))枫香(828 ion·cm~(-3))杉木(733 ion·cm~(-3))榉树(685 ion·cm~(-3))青冈(677 ion·cm~(-3))闽楠(665 ion·cm~(-3))对照(345 ion·cm~(-3))。总体而言,针叶树种NAI效应显著大于阔叶树种(P0.05),落叶阔叶树种NAI效应显著大于常绿阔叶树种(P=0.05)。NAI浓度同树种叶尖数、叶片含水量和叶面积均呈极显著正相关关系(P0.01),与叶生物量显著正相关(P0.05),与叶绿素a/叶绿素b显著负相关(P0.05)。比较阔叶树种可得出,叶厚度及叶片长宽比与NAI浓度呈显著负相关(P0.05),与大多数叶绿素荧光参数指标呈极显著正相关(P0.01)。[结论]试验树种显著提高空气负离子(NAI)浓度,树种间NAI效应存在差异,针叶树种NAI效应高于阔叶树种,落叶阔叶树种NAI效应高于常绿阔叶树种。叶片形态、叶尖数和光合荧光生理特性等是造成树种间NAI效应差异的重要原因。     

长春市常绿阔叶树种引种试验

为丰富长春地区的造林绿化树种,收集了韩国杜鹃等8种常绿阔叶树种,并进行了引种试验,经驯化栽培,初步筛选出韩国杜鹃、朝鲜黄杨2个适宜长春地区种植的常绿阔叶树种。     

马占相思等5个树种叶中养分含量和养分利用效率的研究

测定了阔叶树马占相思、木荷和红锥及针叶树杉木和加勒比松叶中的养分含量。结果表明 :5个树种中马占相思叶的N、P、K含量最高 ,杉木叶的Ca、Mg含量最高 ,而加勒比松叶的 5种养分含量最低。马占相思、红锥和加勒比松叶的养分含量为N >K >Ca >P >Mg ,而木荷和杉木叶的养分含量为N >K >Ca >Mg >P。各树种养分利用效率为P或Mg >Ca >K >N。     

Evaluation of leaf display of evergreen broadleaved tree species and deciduous tree species in warm temperate conifer plantations

We investigated the sapling leaf display in the shade among trees of various leaf lifespans co-occurring under the canopy of a warm-temperate conifer plantation. We measured leaf-area ratio (aLAR) and morphological traits of saplings of evergreen broadleaved tree species and a deciduous tree species. Although we found large interspecific and intraspecific differences in aLAR even among saplings of similar size in the homogeneous light environment, we did not find a consistent trend in aLAR with leaf lifespan among the species. While deciduous trees annually produced a large leaf area, some evergreen broadleaved trees retained their leaves across years and had aLAR values as high as those of deciduous trees. Among leaf-level, shoot-level, and individual-level morphological traits, aLAR was positively correlated with current-year shoots mass per aboveground biomass in deciduous trees, and with the area of old leaves per aboveground mass in evergreen broadleaved trees. Thus, tree-to-tree variation in the degrees of annual shoot production and the accumulation of old leaves were responsible for the interspecific and intraspecific variations in aLAR.     

徐州市城区常绿阔叶树种及其应用调查研究

对徐州市城区常绿阔叶树种资源现状进行了实地调查。结果表明,在徐州城区园林中应用的能够露地越冬的常绿阔叶树种共计约43种,隶属于22科、32属,应用形式主要有行道树、园景树、基础种植、绿篱、地被。文中还分析了徐州市常绿阔叶树种应用现状。       

常绿落叶阔叶混交林恢复过程中林分生长动态

以鄂西南木林子自然保护区山地常绿落叶阔叶混交林不同恢复时期群落为对象,研究了常绿落叶阔叶混交林恢复过程中林分生长动态。结果表明：随着群落的恢复,林分蓄积量随着群落的恢复不断增加,当恢复到60a时,林分中落叶阔叶用材树种蓄积量最高。生物量随着群落的恢复逐渐增加,但恢复过程中生物量的发展速率不是均匀的,在群落恢复前期发展较快,在后期则发展较慢。     

11种常绿阔叶树抗寒性的研究

以济南市常见的11种常绿阔叶园林树种为研究对象,探讨各树种叶片的膜透性、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白等生理生化指标对低温变化的响应。结果表明:11种常绿阔叶树种在低温胁迫下,叶片中电解质渗出率随温度的降低而升高,表明膜透性逐渐升高;可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白的含量随低温胁迫程度的加深,表现为先升高后降低的趋势。     

Contrasting seasonal leaf habits of canopy trees between tropical dry-deciduous and evergreen forests in Thailand

We compared differences in leaf properties, leaf gas exchange and photochemical properties between drought-deciduous and evergreen trees in tropical dry forests, where soil nutrients differed but rainfall was similar. Three canopy trees (Shorea siamensis Miq., Xylia xylocarpa (Roxb.) W. Theob. and Vitex peduncularis Wall. ex Schauer) in a drought-deciduous forest and a canopy tree (Hopea ferrea Lanessan) in an evergreen forest were selected. Soil nutrient availability is lower in the evergreen forest than in the deciduous forest. Compared with the evergreen tree, the deciduous trees had shorter leaf life spans, lower leaf masses per area, higher leaf mass-based nitrogen (N) contents, higher leaf mass-based photosynthetic rates (mass-based P(n)), higher leaf N-based P(n), higher daily maximum stomatal conductance (g(s)) and wider conduits in wood xylem. Mass-based P(n) decreased from the wet to the dry season for all species. Following onset of the dry season, daily maximum g(s) and sensitivity of g(s) to leaf-to-air vapor pressure deficit remained relatively unchanged in the deciduous trees, whereas both properties decreased in the evergreen tree during the dry season. Photochemical capacity and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of photosystem II (PSII) also remained relatively unchanged in the deciduous trees even after the onset of the dry season. In contrast, photochemical capacity decreased and NPQ increased in the evergreen tree during the dry season, indicating that the leaves coped with prolonged drought by down-regulating PSII. Thus, the drought-avoidant deciduous species were characterized by high N allocation for leaf carbon assimilation, high water use and photoinhibition avoidance, whereas the drought-tolerant evergreen was characterized by low N allocation for leaf carbon assimilation, conservative water use and photoinhibition tolerance.     

湖北木林子自然保护区常绿落叶阔叶混交林干扰特征

常绿落叶阔叶混交林是木林子自然保护区的1种主要植被类型。在各种自然干扰和人为干扰的协同作用下,形成了木林子常绿落叶阔叶混交林特有的干扰体系。在常绿落叶阔叶混交林的保护和经营中,要利用封山育林、森林抚育、合理择伐和人工促进天然更新等增益性人工干扰,坚决阻止过渡的森林采伐和毁林开荒等破坏性人工干扰。应参照以自然林窗干扰,采用择伐方式经营常绿落叶阔叶混交林。     

Seasonal dynamics,especially autumnal retranslocation,of nitrogen and phosphorus in foliage of dominant and suppressed trees of beech,Fagus sylvatica

Seasonal changes in the N and P content of foliage in a young forest of Fagus sylvatica were measured. Leaves from branches of the upper and lower crown of dominant trees and from suppressed trees were compared. Nutrient retranslocation rates during senescence differed considerably between trees. This variation appeared not to be related to any differences in environmental factors or tree vigour, and was probably genetically induced. In dominant trees the most efficient retranslocation of N was recorded in the upper crown and probably resulted from higher leaf temperatures and a longer senescent period in the sun leaves than in the shade leaves. Phosphorus retranslocation efficiency was higher in suppressed trees than in dominant ones, but no such tendency was observed with N. The most obvious difference between leaves at different crown levels concerned the time at which P translocation began; an outflow of P from leaves in the lower crown began in June, while in the upper crown this outflow did not begin until September/October.