人造板材游离甲醛的释放和控制

胶合板、刨花板、中密度纤维板和其它人造板最常用的胶粘剂为氨基甲醛及三聚氰胺树脂。然而,这些树脂含有过量的游离甲醛,用它们压制的人造板会释放出游离甲醛。出于对环境保护的考虑,许多国家在使用人造板时对甲醛释放量作出了规定(表1)。     

工艺参数对防潮刨花板性能的影响

采用三聚氰胺-尿素-甲醛(MUF)树脂胶制备防潮刨花板,讨论密度、施胶量、热压温度、热压时间等工艺因素对板材性能的影响。结果表明:密度和施胶量是影响刨花板防潮性能的主要因素;采用优化的制板工艺参数,试板性能可达到GB/T 4897-2015中"P7型潮湿状态下使用的承载型刨花板"及"P9型高潮湿状态下使用的普通型刨花板"的要求,甲醛释放量达到日本JIS A 5908:2003中F☆☆☆☆要求。     

防水刨花板的研制

应用共缩聚理论，制备了具有良好耐水性能的三聚氰胺-尿素-甲醛树酯（简称MUF）。重点讨论MUF树脂生产防水刨花板的应用情况。     

木材工业用树脂及应用

木材工业用树脂及应用西班牙木工胶粘集团供稿１简介甲醛主要用来与尿素、三聚氰胺、苯酚反应生产热固性树脂和少量上述物质。这些树脂主要用来生产刨花板、中密度纤维板、胶合板、装饰层积材和家具。ＤｅｒｉｖａｄｏｓＦｏｒｅｓｔａｌｅｓ作为甲醛生产技术先进的公司，...     

PMUF树脂胶黏剂的制备与性能

以尿素和三聚氰胺作为酚醛树脂改性单体制备苯酚-三聚氰胺-尿素-甲醛(PMUF)树脂胶黏剂,研究甲醛、苯酚、尿素、三聚氰胺及氢氧化钠用量对PMUF树脂胶黏剂性能的影响,并采用DSC和13C-NMR对其进行表征.结果表明:PMUF树脂游离甲醛含量低,能满足耐水、耐候性能要求较高的人造板产品的生产.当甲醛、苯酚、尿素、三聚氰胺、NaOH的摩尔比为3.1∶1∶0.7∶0.3∶0.5时胶黏剂性能最佳,其最佳固化温度为135.5℃.     

热压工艺参数对三聚氰胺饰面刨花板甲醛释放量的影响

以市售刨花板和三聚氰胺浸渍纸为原料,制备三聚氰胺饰面刨花板.采用L9（34）正交试验考察热压温度、热压时间、热压压力3个热压工艺参数对三聚氰胺板甲醛释放量的影响.采用国家标准（GB/T 17657-1999）《人造板及饰面人造板理化性能试验方法》干燥器法检测甲醛的释放量.试验结果表明,热压温度对甲醛释放量影响最大、热压时间其次、热压压力影响最小,其中热压温度对甲醛释放量有显著影响,热压时间和热压压力的影响并不显著.热压工艺参数提高,会引起热压后的三聚氰胺板前期的甲醛释放量明显升高.确定饰面刨花板甲醛低释放的最优化生产工艺参数为热压温度170℃、热压时间40s、热压压力2.5 MPa.     

葡萄糖-三聚氰胺-甲醛共聚树脂合成及性能研究

以葡萄糖、三聚氰胺和甲醛为主要原材料,在碱性条件下合成葡萄糖-三聚氰胺-甲醛(GMF)共聚树脂胶黏剂。对GMF树脂的合成工艺进行了探讨,通过FT-IR图谱的分析,研究了葡萄糖与三聚氰胺的摩尔比(G_g/M_m)对GMF树脂胶合强度、储存期的影响。实验结果表明:GMF树脂优化合成工艺为:合成反应温度88℃、pH值9.0~9.5、葡萄糖与三聚氰胺的摩尔比(M_g/M_m)0.1~0.4;GMF树脂的储存期(25℃)可达9~15 d。FT-IR表明:GMF树脂分子结构的链接方式主要以醚键和亚甲基键为主;GPC表明新制GMF树脂数均分子量为240~270。当葡萄糖与三聚氰胺的摩尔比(M_g/M_m)低于0.5时,胶合板的胶合强度均达到了国家标准中I类胶合板的要求。     

尿素-三聚氰胺-甲醛共缩聚树脂应用进展

用三聚氰胺改性脲醛树脂而得的尿素-三聚氰胺-甲醛共缩聚树脂(UMF)可有效提高木质人造板的耐水性能。本文介绍尿素-三聚氰胺-甲醛共缩聚合成机理、树脂性能、以及制备工艺对其性能的影响。     

多胺基聚合物改性室温固化型MUF树脂胶黏剂

为解决三聚氰胺-尿素-甲醛(MUF)树脂作为室外级结构集成材胶黏剂时存在的脆性大、易开裂的问题,得到韧性优秀且综合性能满足室外级结构集成材标准的室温固化型MUF树脂胶黏剂,本研究在MUF树脂合成中使用两种改性剂尿素-乙二胺(UE)、尿素-三(2-氨基乙基)胺(UD)分别替代部分三聚氰胺合成了 MUF-UE、MUF-UD...     

蔗糖-三聚氰胺-甲醛共缩聚树脂胶黏剂的合成研究

以蔗糖、三聚氰胺、甲醛为原料,在碱性条件下合成了外观为黄色、透明、均一、无沉淀且水溶性好的蔗糖-三聚氰胺-甲醛(SMF)共缩聚树脂木材胶黏剂。采用均匀试验设计对合成反应体系的蔗糖、交联剂用量和甲醛与三聚氰胺的摩尔比进行了优化,通过正交试验设计对桉树胶合板热压工艺参数进行了优化。结果表明:最佳合成条件为:蔗糖与三聚氰胺的摩尔比为0.7,甲醛与三聚氰胺的摩尔比为2.7,交联剂用量为树脂的0.33%;桉树胶合板最佳胶合工艺参数为:双面施胶量为340g/m~2、热压压力为0.9MPa、热压温度为150℃、热压时间为60s/mm。     

行业精英纵论 2004 实业前线预测 2005

关于中国木制品市场的观点。刚刚在大连参加了2004年中国木制品进出口贸易洽谈会,我对中国作为一个多种木制产品的来源地有了更加崭新的认识随着我们对于把中国当作一个潜在的木制产品原材料产地的兴趣的增长,我很高兴的看到会议谈到了关于木制产品认证的话题．为了保护濒临灭绝的森林和保证将来的木材需要,Home Depot首先于1999年发表了它的木材购买政策你可以在HomeDepot的主页：     

Strategy for screening eucalypts for saline lands

We present a new approach for selecting seed sources of Eucalyptus to be grown on saline land. We evaluated our method using 22 seed sources, 11 tree-form species and 11 mallee-form species. We found that the commonly used strategy of selecting seed sources on the basis of average productivity was inappropriate, as average productivity was poorly correlated with the relationship between productivity and salinity that was actually observed. Using our new approach, we categorized seed sources as salt-sensitive or salt-tolerant based on the strength of the observed relationship between salinity and productivity. Seed sources defined as sensitive were associated with relatively large (−24.8 to −64.2%) productivity losses, while the changes in productivity for tolerant seed sources ranged from −17.1 to 10.5%. On average, reductions in height due to increased salinity were about 30% greater for sensitive seed sources than tolerant ones, although the effect was smaller for mallee-form and greater for tree-form seed sources. The difference between sensitive and tolerant seed sources was similar after 1, 2 and 4 years of growth.     

盆栽观赏竹培育技术研究

结合实施浙江省“九五”课题“丛生竹笋与观赏竹开发研究”,从浙南丰富的竹类资源和发达的社会经济之实际出发,对我国盆栽观赏竹种的筛选、母株选择、处理、挖掘、生长管理、成景管理以及盆土和竹盆选择等系列环节做了配套研究,为开发浙南丛生观赏竹资源提供技术措施和母竹种质。     

请给百姓一份安全食品菜单

“民以食为天”,“人命关天”,这两句古话阐明了食品安全无以复加的重要性。实际上,食品安全的重要性还远不止于此,这个问题不仅关系到人的健康和生命,而且关系到经济发展、社会稳定,乃至公民对整个社会和政府的信心。     

植物组培内生菌污染的防治措施

文章对植物组织培养中的内生菌污染和外生菌污染的区别和内生菌在植物体内的分布种类进行阐述,对组培内生菌污染的危害特点、发生原因及防治措施等进行归纳综述,以期为植物组培内生细菌污染的预防和控制提供参考。     

请给百姓一份安全食品菜单

“民以食为天”，“人命关天”，这两句古话阐明了食品安全无以复加的重要性。实际上，食品安全的重要性还远不止于此，这个问题不仅关系到人的健康和生命，而且关系到经济发展、社会稳定，乃至公民对整个社会和政府的信心。[编者按]     

An Ecological Framework for Planning for Forest Health

Concerns for maintaining biodiversity have led to the adoption of ecosystem management as the paradigm for federal land management. This approach will identify desired future conditions as the goal for management, based on ecological objectives for a given landscape. Some management efforts attempt to identify desired future conditions based on existing successional stages as defined by a classification of overstory vegetation types. Such an approach ignores most of the underlying ecological parameters of the landscape, and is inadequate for identifying past disturbance regimes and future successional pathways. An assessment of desired future conditions based on an ecological classification system is essential to overcome these inadequacies. The strategy proposed in this paper uses an appropriate ecological land classification, based on either ecological land types or habitat types, included in a broader hierarchical classification system. It also uses a vegetation map of existing overstory vegetation. These two maps are overlaid to generate polygons of ecological units that can then be used to create an ecosystem diversity matrix. Each polygon (stand) can be evaluated as to its composition and structure relative to its possible placement within the ecosystem diversity matrix through comparisons with historical ranges of variability. The overall ecosystem diversity matrix can then be examined in terms of the distribution of successional stages within each habitat type or ecological land type. The goal should be to maintain at least adequate ecological representation of all successional stages within each habitat type that occurred historically, based on past disturbance regimes. Adequate ecological representation is defined as sufficient size and distribution of inherent ecosystems to maintain viable populations of all endemic species dependent on these ecosystems. This approach can maintain and enhance regional biodiversity, but also maintain flexibility in land management options.     

12个桃品种的花芽休眠需冷量和开花需热量

在浙西南地区研究12个桃品种花芽休眠需冷量和开花需热量生态指标.犹他模型测定结果显示:12个桃品种中,花芽休眠需冷量低的品种为春蜜、超红、中油11号、中油7号、中油4号,约为550～650 cu;其次是丽油5号、仓方早生、燕红、丽油3号、早凤凰,约为650～ 800 cu;需冷量高的品种为新川中岛和赤月,约为900～ 950cu.同一地区不同品种需热量差异较大,同一品种年际间差异相对较小.以生长度天模型试验结果表明:开花需热量低的品种为赤月和丽油3号,大约400 ～ 500 d·℃;其次是新川中岛,大约500～600 d·℃;春蜜、丽油5号、早凤凰、中油4号、中油7号、仓方早生和燕红大约600 ～ 700 d·℃;需热量较高的是中油11号和超红,约为700～800 d·℃.12个桃品种花芽休眠需冷量与开花需热量之间呈乘幂函数曲线显著负相关.