中国菱背网蝽属昆虫记述

记述我国菱背网蝽属（Eteoneus）昆虫3种。在检视大量标本的基础上．增添了3种网蝽的分布记录和星菱背网蝽的寄主记录（桂花树），并图示了3种网蝽在阳茎侧突和雌性腹部末端上的差异，提供了角菱背网蝽与星菱背网蝽的五龄若虫形态图。     

江苏省网蝽科昆虫(半翅目:网蝽总科)

通过文献资料整理和对2000-2012年江苏省采集网蝽科昆虫标本的鉴定,整理出江苏省13种网蝽科昆虫名录,记录了其中文名称、学名、异名、别名和寄主,及江苏省、全国和世界的分布情况.其中,长头网蝽(Cantacader lethierryi Scott,1874)、华无孔网蝽(Dictyla rasilis Drake et Maa,1955)、华南冠网蝽(Stephanitis laudata Drake et Poor,1953)和角菱背网蝽(Eteoneus angulatus Drake et Maa,1953)是江苏新记录种,并对这4个新记录种作了简述.     

上海地区网蝽科昆虫调查及主要种类发展趋势分析

通过调查和文献整理,明确上海地区网蝽记录7种;将为害柳树的网蝽修正定名为膜肩网蝽;明确上海地区杜鹃网蝽不以成虫和若虫越冬;分析了杜鹃网蝽和悬铃木方翅网蝽的发展趋势。     

中国七刺网蝽属记述

记述了中国七刺网蝽属昆虫3种,其中印七刺网蝽(Phatnoma laciniatumFieber)首次在中国区系中记录。提供了印七刺网蝽的中后胸侧板、头部和触角形态图。     

柳膜肩网蝽和悬铃方翅目网蝽体内微生物多样性研究（半翅目：网蝽科）

[目的]探究行道树常见害虫柳膜肩网蝽(Hegesidemus habrus Drake)和悬铃木方翅网蝽(Corythucha ciliate Say)体内微生物群落结构和多样性。[方法]利用Illumina MiSeq(PE300)高通量测序技术对柳膜肩网蝽和悬铃木方翅网蝽体内微生物16S rRNA基因的V3-V4特异区域序列进行测序,统计可操作分类单元(operational taxonomic unit,OTU),分析Alpha多样性、物种组成及丰度。[结果]2种网蝽的9个样本共得到366 037个有效OTU。Αlpha多样性分析显示柳膜肩网蝽样本的微生物群落丰富度远远高于悬铃木方翅网蝽样本。16S rRNA基因高通量测序显示变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、栖热菌门(Thermi)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和蓝藻门(Cyanobacteria)同时存在于柳膜肩网蝽和悬铃木方翅网蝽样本中。PCA分析可以清楚的将两者样本区分开来。物种及丰度分析显示柳膜肩网蝽的核心菌属包括厌氧芽孢杆菌属(Anoxybacillus)、苍白杆菌属(Ochrobactrum)、栖热菌属(Thermus)、沃尔巴克氏体(Wolbachia);而厌氧芽孢杆菌属、"Candidatus Cardinium"、乳球菌属(Lactococcus)、苍白杆菌属、沙雷氏菌属(Serratia)及栖热菌属在悬铃木方翅网蝽样本中含量较高。[结论]柳膜肩网蝽和悬铃木方翅网蝽体内微生物组成具有显著差异,但它们都拥有较高丰度的核心菌属——栖热菌属,推测栖热菌属可能是网蝽科昆虫体内普遍存在的共生菌。悬铃木方翅网蝽不同地理种群间菌群组成稳定。沃尔巴克氏体和Cardinium以较高丰度分别存在于柳膜肩网蝽和悬铃木方翅网蝽样本中,为二者的生物防治提供新思路。     

中国七刺网蝽属记述

记述了中国七刺网蝽属昆虫3种，其中印七刺网蝽（Phatnoma laciniatum Fieber）首次在中国区系中记录。提供了印七刺网蝽的中后胸侧板、头部和触角形态图。     

5种药剂对茶网蝽的田间防效试验

茶网蝽在我县茶树上为害严重,已成为陕西省镇巴县茶叶生产的障碍性因素,针对目前防治茶网蝽使用化学农药影响茶叶质量、茶网蝽产生抗药性等问题,筛选了5种杀虫剂,开展防治茶网蝽的田间试验,发现在供试验药剂中,以1%苦参碱可溶液剂和3%甲维盐微乳剂(甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐的简称,下同)防效较好,可有效防治茶网蝽,且对茶叶生长安全,在实际生产中,茶网蝽若虫期,可选用植物源农药1%苦参碱防治,也可与化学农药交替使用。     

武汉市园林植物网蝽种类及药剂防治

2002～2006年对武汉市园林植物上的网蝽类害虫进行了调查.结果表明,武汉市园林植物上的网蝽有9种,其中4种为新记录种,以悬铃木方翅网蝽、梨冠网蝽和杜鹃冠网蝽的发生较多,危害较重,而且危害期长,从4月份开始一直持续到11月份,有世代重叠现象,在干旱高温时易暴发成灾;在海棠上梨冠网蝽的药剂防治试验表明,40%毒死蜱乳油对网蝽的防治效果好,持效期长,10%吡虫啉乳油的防效次之.0.1%斑蟊素水剂的防效较差.     

七星瓢虫成虫对狭冠网蝽的捕食功能反应研究

在实验室自然温度条件下,初步研究了七星瓢虫(Coccinella septempunctata L.)对狭冠网蝽 (Stephanitis anagustata Bu.sp.nov)若虫的捕食功能反应。结果表明,七星瓢虫成虫对狭冠网蝽若虫密度的功能反应属于Ⅱ型,可用Holling圆盘方程拟合;随着狭冠网蝽若虫密度的增大,七星瓢虫成虫的捕食量也逐渐增加,其最大捕食量为370．4头;在供试的狭冠网蝽若虫、云杉大蚜和杉针黄叶甲3种猎物中,七星瓢虫成虫对狭冠网蝽若虫均表现出较强的选择性;当七星瓢虫与狭冠网蝽的数量同比例增加时,七星瓢虫个体间的相互干扰系数为0．076 9; 当狭冠网蝽数量不变而七星瓢虫数量增加时,七星瓢虫个体间的相互干扰系数为0．694 0。     

一种园林植物新害虫——桂花网蝽

首次报道了为害桂花植物的一种新害虫——桂花网蝽,亦名星菱背网蝽;介绍其识别特征、分布、危害特点及生物学特性,并提出相应的防治建议.     

水稻品种南京11抽穗期的基因型分析

 用抽穗期感光基因型已知的秋光（e1e1　e2e2　e3e3　Se1eSe1e）、越光（E1E1　E2E2　e3e3　Se1eSe1e）、日本晴（E1E1　e2e2　e3e3　Se1Se1）和日光（E1E1　E2E2　e3e3　Se1Se1）作鉴别品种,分析了中籼水稻品种南京11的抽穗期基因型。结果表明,南京11的抽穗期感光基因型为 E1E1e2e2E3E3Se1Se1,同时还存在1对隐性感光抑制基因i-Sel;进一步利用QTL近等基因系NIL（Hdi）和NIL（Hd4）进行的试验也验证了南京11存在2个显性的主效感光基因E1和Se1。     

Genotypic Analysis of Heading Time on an Indica Rice Cultivar, Nanjing 11

In this paper, the genotype of heading time in Nanjing 11, an indica variety, was analyzed bycrossing with tester varieties, Akihikari ( e1e1 e2e2 e3e3 Se1eSe1e ), Koshihikari ( E1E1E2E2 e3e3 Se1eSe1e ), Nipponbare(E1E1 e2e2 e3e3 Se1Se1 )and Hinohikari(E1E1 E2E2 e3e3 Se1Se1 ), of which the genotypes of headingtime were well known. The results showed genotype of heading time in Nanjing 11 was E1E1 e2e2 E3E3 Se1Se1and also included a recessive inhibitor I-Se1 for photoperiod-sensitivity as well. Meanwhile, the two photoperiod-sensitive genes, E1 and Se1, in Nanjing 11 were also identified by crossing with QTL nearly isogenic lines of Nipponbare, NIL( Hd1 )and NIL( Hd4 )which have complementary effects.     

Generation and application of two monoclonal antibodies targeting conserved linear epitopes in the NP protein of influenza A virus

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are widely used in virus research and disease diagnosis. The nucleoprotein (NP) of influenza A virus (IAV) plays important roles in multiple stages of the virus life cycle. Therefore, generating conserved mAbs against NP and characterizing their properties will provide useful tools for IAV research. In this study, two mAbs against the NP protein, 10E9 and 3F3, were generated with recombinant truncated NP proteins (NP-1 and NP-2) as immunogens. The heavy-chain subclass of both 10E9 and 3F3 was determined to be IgG2α, and the light-chain type was κ. Truncation and site-specific mutation analyses showed that the epitopes of mAbs 10E9 and 3F3 were located in the N terminal 84–89 amino acids and the C terminal 320–324 amino acids of the NP protein, respectively. We found that mAbs 10E9 and 3F3 reacted well with the NP protein of H1–H15 subtypes of IAV. Both 10E9 and 3F3 can be used in immunoprecipitation assay, and 10E9 was also successfully applied in confocal microscopy. Furthermore, we found that the 10E9-recognized ₈₄SAGKDP₈₉ epitope and 3F3-recognized ₃₂₀ENPAH₃₂₄ epitope were highly conserved in NP among all avian and human IAVs. Thus, the two mAbs we developed could be used as powerful tools in the development of diagnostic methods of IAV, and also surely promote the basic research in understanding the replication mechanisms of IAV.     

A cytotoxic ribonuclease targeting specific transfer RNA anticodons

The carboxyl-terminal domain of colicin E5 was shown to inhibit protein synthesis of Escherichia coli. Its target, as revealed through in vivo and in vitro experiments, was not ribosomes as in the case of E3, but the transfer RNAs (tRNAs) for Tyr, His, Asn, and Asp, which contain a modified base, queuine, at the wobble position of each anticodon. The E5 carboxyl-terminal domain hydrolyzed these tRNAs just on the 3' side of this nucleotide. Tight correlation was observed between the toxicity of E5 and the cleavage of intracellular tRNAs of this group, implying that these tRNAs are the primary targets of colicin E5.     

论中国热带、亚热带地区桉树人工林树种与种源选择

最近几年,在东南,西南和华南地区进行许多桉树(Eucaly phtus)树种与种源试验,并以早期结果为依据,结合生物气候分析,在我国热带,亚热带范围内区划出下列五个发展桉树人工林的地理区域和可以应用的树种:(Ⅰ)东南沿海丘陵地区 巨桉,柳桉,赤桉,细叶桉,斑皮桉,尾叶桉,昆士兰桉和邓恩桉;(Ⅱ)两广区(雷州半岛除外) 尾叶桉,细叶桉,赤桉,巨桉,灰桉类和桃花心桉类;(Ⅲ)雷州半岛和海南岛区 赤桉,细叶桉,尾叶桉,剥桉,粗皮桉,柠檬桉,方格皮桉等其他热带桉类;(Ⅳ)西南高原区 兰桉,亮果桉,多枝桉,史密斯桉,樟脑桉,迪恩桉,猴桉,赤桉,细叶桉等其他温带桉树;(Ⅴ)中亚热带内陆区 赤桉,细叶桉,大叶桉,葡萄桉等。     

金黄色葡萄球菌攻击下小鼠泌乳期乳腺炎症病理机制分析

通过观察不同剂量(E1:10 CFU/μl;E2:20 CFU/μl;E3:100 CFU/μl;E4:200 CFU/μl;E5:2000CFU/μl)金黄色葡萄球菌攻击下的小鼠泌乳期乳腺炎症病理变化,选择最佳剂量建立小鼠乳腺内感染模型.结果表明:试验组乳腺组织中分离的细菌数呈先升高后下降的趋势,E3达到最高.组织形...     

温氏土鸡和白洛克鸡胚小肠EAATs mRNA表达差异及发育性变化

 【目的】研究温氏土鸡（WYFC）和隐性白洛克（WRRC）鸡胚小肠酸性氨基酸转运载体EAAT2（SLC1A2）和EAAT3（SLC1A1）mRNA的表达差异和发育性变化。【方法】选取蛋重相近的两品种纯系种蛋各96枚,每个品种随机分为6组,每组16枚,在相同的条件下进行孵化。分别就每个品种在9（E9）、12（E12）、14（E14）、17（E17）和19胚龄（E19）及出壳当天（DOH）选取16枚鸡胚,称重后采集小肠样品,采用real-time RT-PCR方法检测小肠EAATs mRNA的相对表达丰度。【结果】（1）9、12、14、17和19胚龄隐性白洛克胚蛋重量及出壳当天雏鸡体重极显著高于温氏土鸡（P＜0.01）;（2）从发育性变化来看,EAAT2 mRNA在两个品种表达基本一致,即E9—14表达量下调,E17有所上调,随后下调,E12、E17、E19和DOH两品种差异极显著（P＜0.01）,E14差异显著（P＜0.05）;EAAT3 mRNA在两个品种都表现为随胚龄增加而表达上调,E19两品种差异极显著（P＜0.01）,E12差异显著（P＜0.05）;（3）EAAT2和EAAT3 mRNA表达丰度,温氏土鸡鸡胚小肠高于隐性白洛克,不同发育阶段对其都有影响,均存在“品种×胚龄”的互作效应。【结论】EAATs mRNA表达丰度在品种和胚龄间存在差异,不同基因表达的发育模式亦不相同。     

Genome-wide detection for runs of homozygosity analysis in three pig breeds from Chinese Taihu Basin and Landrace pigs by SLAF-seq data

Erhualian (E), Meishan (MS) and Mi (MI) pigs are excellent indigenous pig breeds in Chinese Taihu Basin, which have made great contributions to the genetic improvement of commercial pigs. Investigation of the genetic structure and inbreeding level of the 3 pig breeds is of great significance for the sustainable breeding of commercial pigs. The length and number of runs of homozygosity (ROH) as well as the frequency of genomes covered by ROH can be used as indicators to evaluate the level of inbreeding and the origin of the population. In this study, the ROH characteristics of E, MS, MI and Landrace (L) pigs were analyzed by SLAF-seq data, and the inbreeding coefficient based on ROH (F_ROH) was calculated. In addition, we have identified candidate genes in the genomic regions associated with ROH. A total of 10568 ROH were detected in 116 individuals of 4 pig breeds. The analysis showed that there were significant differences in genetic structure between 3 Taihu Basin pig breeds and L, and the genetic structure of E and MI was similar. The results of F_ROH showed that the inbreeding level of MS was the highest (0.25±0.07), while E and MI were lower than L. Compared with the other 3 pig populations, MS showed a higher frequency of long ROH (>5 Mb), indicating higher inbreeding in MS in recent generations. A large number of candidate genes related to reproductive traits are located in the genomic regions with a high frequency of ROH, and these genes are expected to be used as candidate genes in marker-assisted selection (MAS) breeding programs. Our findings can provide theoretical support for genetic conservation and genetic improvement of 3 pig breeds in Chinese Taihu Basin.     

簇毛麦的酯酶同工酶基因在小麦遗传背景中的表达

用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析了簇毛麦、硬粒小麦簇毛麦双二倍体及簇毛麦(?)通小麦的二体代换系V”_5苗期叶片的酯酶同工酶酶谱,结果发现,簇毛麦的特征带E_3-V_3、E_3-V_4,E_4-V_1在硬粒小麦的遗传背景中得到表达,E_3-V_3,E_3-V_4是受V_5染色体控制。     

流行性蚜霉菌的安全性研究

流行性蚜霉菌是棉蚜等蚜虫的流行性病原体。为了给扩大生产和推广使用本菌防治蚜虫提供依据,本研究对其田间应用的流行性蚜霉菌-258型菌剂进行了安全性试验。用小白鼠、豚鼠和雏鸡经不同途径接种不同剂量的孢子作急性、亚急性和慢性试验,结果表明:试验动物均未表现有临床症状,实验前后增重和红、白细胞变化均无显著性差异(P>0.05),各组织器官经病理学检查和扫描电镜观察也无异常。由此证明E.f-258对哺乳动物和禽类是安全的。