Distribution of ChAT in the Diencephalon of the One Day Chicken

The distribution of choline-acetyltransferase (ChAT)-like immunoreactive structure in the one day chicken diencephalons was examined by the method of streptavidin-Perosidase (SP) immunocytochemistry. It was found that ChAT immunoreactive neurons and fibers presented in many regions of one day Chicken. Neural structure containing cholinergic neurons with varying density and immunoreactivity were the N. habexularis lateralis and N.habexularis medialis of the epithalamus, the N.rotundus, N.Ovoidalis, N.subrotundus and N.geniculatus lateralis of the thalamus, the hypothalamus, the N.decussationis supraopticae dorsalis of stratathalamus. There were also many varicose and nonvaricose fibers and terminals in the N.geniculatus lateralis and the hypothalamus. The results suggested that the diencephalons of one day chicken is richly innervated by the cholinergic neuron system.     

Studies of the Ripe Characteristics of Pear

The picked pear is often ripened naturally or artificially in ethylene solution to put the pear into market earlier.When Qiuxiang pear are ripened,a great deal of ethylene is produced,the content of soluble solid,total sugar and titrable acidity are increased.The flesh is softened,the skin of fruit turns yellow,and the fruits are of aromatic favor.At differnet harvest time,respiration intensity appears different changing trends;the fruit qualities and the storage period are influenced too.Artificial ripening promotes fruit ripe and has a better effect than natural ripening.And Qiuxiang pear ripened artificially in earlier the middle or late of August can achieve better fruit qualities and higher economic value.     

The Study on the Analysis Method of the Experiment Result of the Partition Compares Method Designing

讨论了间比法设计试验结果常规分析方法所存在的问题,提出了理论对照的概念及计算公式。采用试验结果与理论对照(CK’)直接比较的分析方法,可以有效解决常规分析方法存在的误判问题。     

Analysis of the Chemical Constituents of the Essential Oil from Anli Pear

The essential oil of the whole fruit and the peel of Anli pear (Pyrus Ussriensis Maxim.) grown in the western region of Liaoning Province was extracted through the hydrodistillation method, and was investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. The yields of the essential oils of Anli pear whole fruit and the peel were 0.073 and 0.36%, respectively. The identification of the volatile compounds was conducted through the commercial National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST) and Wiley mass spectral search program, confirmed by comparing the retention indices with standard values of authentic samples. A total of 7 and 16 components were identified from the essential oils of the peel and the whole fruit, respectively. The predominant constituent of the two kinds of essential oils was butylated hydroxytoluene, which is a typical antioxidant.     

Effect of immunopotentiator of the Chinese herbal medicine on the quantity of T lymphocyte in chicken

In order to study the mechanism of immunopotentiator, the quantity of T lymphocyte was observed. Total 240 1-day chikens were divided into 3 groups randomly: one contrast group and two groups being drunk immunopotentiator according to the concentration 10 mL·L-1 and 5 mL·L-1 lasting for 48 d. The number of T lymphocyte in blood was measured by E-rosette when the chikens were at 12-, 24-, 36-, and 48-day. The results showed that the percent of T lymphocyte in the trial group was obviously higher than that of the contrast, and the 10 mL·L-1 group was higher than that of the 5 mL·L-1 group; the quantity distribution of T lymphocyte in intestinal mucosa lymphoid tissue of 14-day, 21-day chiken was surveyed in the contrast group and the 10 mL·L-1 group with the method of routine histology-slices and ANAE, the results showed that the quantity of T lymphocyte in the 10 mL·L-1 group was significantly higher than that of the contrast, which indicated that immunopotentiator increased markedly the quantity of T lymphocyte, and the 10 mL·L-1 group was higher than that of the 5 mL·L-1 group.     

Analysis of the Construction of Electronic Resources in Local University Libraries through the Utilization of Databases——Taking the Library of the Xi＇an University of Science and Technology as an example

通过对西安科技大学两年来数据库使用量统计分析,核算出部分数据库使用成本,对该校馆藏数据库进行了综合评价,分析了数据库利用率的影响因素并对地方高校图书馆电子资源建设提出建议。     

Investigation on the Effect of Potassium in Retarding the Senescence of Hybrid Rice

Field and pot experiments were carried out to study the effect of potas-sium in retarding the senescence of hybrid rice. There were three treatments:check(K_0), 112.5 kg (K_1), and 225.0 kg (K_2) potassium chloride/ha in fieldexperiment; 5 ppm(K_0), 15 ppm(K_1), 40 ppm(K_2) KCl in pot experiment. The     

Profile Analysis of the Proteome of the Egg of the High Royal Jelly Producing Bees （Apis mellifera L.）

The protein composition of the egg development in the high royal jelly producing bees （Apis mellifera L.） was investigated. This pioneer study was to separate and quantify the proteins in the egg of the high royal jelly producing worker bees （Apis mellifera L.） by using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis along with their three-day development. The results showed that 160, 195, and 176 proteins, with a wide range of molecular weight （17-80 KDa） and relatively narrow scope of pI （4. 00-8.40） could be detected on day 1, day 2, and day 3, respectively, during the developmental process of the egg. Meanwhile 44 protein spots were constantly detected along with the egg development. Among them 36% were in the uptrend along with the egg development, 14% were in the downtrend, and 39% were of the largest expressed volume on day 2. In addition, the specific proteins were expressed on day 1, day 2, and day 3 （89, 77, and 80, respectively）. Besides the coexistent and specific proteins, 24 proteins were expressed on day 1 and day 2, but silenced on day 3, 49 proteins were expressed on day 2 and day 3, but silenced on day 1, only 3 proteins were expressed on day 1 and day 3, but silenced on day 2. The result indicates that egg development is a sequential and complex gene controlled process, where the eggs of day 2 express the most active proteins. The coexistent proteins suggest that it is conservative and indispensable for this event. These specific proteins suggest that the different developmental stage needs specific proteins to regulate it.     

Impact of Implementing 1991 Act of the International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants in China

The Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants is abbreviated as UPOV. The Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants has 1961/1972 Act ,1978 Act and 1991 Act. China is member of UPOV and its regulations of protection of new varieties of plants conform to 1978 Act. At present, there is big debate whether China accedes to 1991 Act. This paper mainly discussed advantages and possibilities that China accedes to 1991 Act, and concluded that it is highly desirable that China should consider acceding to 1991 Act in order to contribute to development of system on protection of new varieties of plants.     

Effect of Rapid Cold Hardening on the Cold Tolerance of the Larvae of the Rice Stem Borer,Chilo suppressalis （Walker）

The effects of rapid cold hardening （RCH） on the cold tolerance of the last instar larvae of Chilo suppressalis （Walker） were evaluated for the first time. The discriminating temperature, induction, detection, duration and extent of RCH of the larvae in the laboratory were tested, and the supercooling points （SCPs） and the contents of water and lipid of the larvae after RCH treatment were determined, respectively. The results showed that the discriminating temperature of the larvae was about -21℃. Mean survival rates of the larvae which exposed to either 0 or 5℃ for 2 and 4 h before exposure to the discriminating temperature for 2 h were significantly higher than those of the control groups （P 〈 0.05）. Moreover, the highest survival rate appeared in the larvae after 0℃ for 4 h treatment. The protection against low temperature gained by RCH at 0℃ for 4 h was rapidly lost on return to 28℃. Mean survival rates of RCH larvae were significantly higher than those of non-acclimated （NACC） larvae and acclimation （ACC） larvae when they were exposed to the discriminating temperature for 2 or 4 h （P〈 0.05）. Moreover, the rates of NACC, ACC, RCH and ACC ＋ RCH larvae from 2 to 6 h to the discriminating temperature resulted in a significant decline. The values of SCPs and the contents of lipid of the larvae which exposed to either 0 or 5℃ for 2 and 4 h showed no significant difference at 0.05 level compared to those of the control groups. But the contents of water in the larvae were obviously decreased. Therefore, it could be concluded that RCH could enhance cold tolerance and affect partly physiological and biochemical components of the larvae of C. suppressalis, but the underlying mechanisms needs to be further explored.     

A Study on the Tryptic Hydrolysis of Proteins in Skim Milk and the Characteristics of the Hydrolysate

Limited enzymatic hydrolysis of skim milk by trypsin was investigated in this paper,and it was found that the degree of hydrolysis (DH) of milk proteins had a relationship of DH^-1=a bt^-1 with the time(t) of hydrolysis at low enzyme concentrations some properties of the protein such as NSI in PI or TCA were changed obviously,It was suggested that mosk milk proteins would be degraded into peptides by trypsin.     

Study on the effect of different nutrients on the growth of a Trichoderma aureoviride mutant

Trichoderma aureoviride mutant T1010 was cultured in media containing different nutrients. Statistics showed significant differences and the results described below: The C/N tested were 3∶1, 6∶1, 12∶1, 24∶1,48∶1. The best C/N was 24∶1. The amount of spores was 4.0×109 cfu/plate. The best carbon source among glucose, sucrose, maltose, lactose, cellulose and starch was the last one. With a starch-containing medium, T1010 produced 5.3×109 cfu/plate. The asparagine was the best nitrog…     

A Study of the Biological Charactor of Bovine－Rvculture in cells and the Antigent glass－pieces of its infected Cells the dete

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The Molecular Mechanism in the Damage of Erythrocyte Membrane of the Cows with Hemoglobinuria

1　Introduction　　 Hypophosphorus in cows is very common in the world.Sixty percent samples of pas-turage have the low content of phosphorus(<0 .1 5% ) in Ireland and40 % soil in some district of the Soviet Union in normal dissection.The phenomenon of hypopohosphatemia,hemolysis and hemoglobinuria resulted from low- phosphorous of circumstance(<0 .1 0 % inpasturage,rough 0 .50︼g/ g soil for utilize in pasture field) and microthermal climate (Jan-uary to March) in the west part of Heilongji…     

Development of the Artificial Antigens for the OrganophosphorusInsecticide Chlorpyrifos

This study reported that the hapten of the organophosphorus insecticide chlorpyrifos, O,O-diethyl-O- [3,5-dichloro-6- (2-carboxyethyl) thio-2-pyridyl] phosphorothioate (named AR) wassynthesized by using technical grade chlorpyrifos reacted with 3-marcapropanoic acid in hotalkaline solution. The hapten was conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) with the modifiedactive ester method to form artificial immune antigen. The ratio of AR:BSA was 39:1. Theartificial coating antigen for chlorpyrifos was synthesized by conjugating AR to ovalbumin(OVA) with the mixed-anhydride method, and the ratio was 13:1. The anti-chlorpyrifos polyclonalantibodies were obtained by using the artificial immune antigen (AR-BSA) to immune in therabbits.     

Is the fragility of a liquid embedded in the properties of its glass?

When a liquid is cooled below its melting temperature, it usually crystallizes. However, if the quenching rate is fast enough, the system may remain in a disordered state, progressively losing its fluidity upon further cooling. When the time needed for the rearrangement of the local atomic structure reaches approximately 100 seconds, the system becomes "solid" for any practical purpose, and this defines the glass transition temperature Tg. Approaching this transition from the liquid side, different systems show qualitatively different temperature dependencies of the viscosity, and accordingly they have been classified by introducing the concept of "fragility." We report experimental observations that relate the microscopic properties of the glassy phase to the fragility. We find that the vibrational properties of the glass well below Tg are correlated with the fragility value. Consequently, we extend the fragility concept to the glassy state and indicate how to determine the fragility uniquely from glass properties well below Tg.