蜡样芽孢杆菌活菌制剂对雏鸡白痢的防治效果

使用芽孢杆菌活菌制剂对雏鸡白痢病进行预防性和治疗性试验。预防后的0－35日龄雏鸡发病率仅为0.20%，成活率达99％，对3－15日龄发病雏鸡治愈率可达84.1%。结果表明，该制剂优于同类药物预防和治疗水平。     

仔猪黄白痢的综合防治疗法探究

仔猪黄白痢又称新生仔猪腹泻,是仔猪黄痢和仔猪白痢的合称。仔猪黄白痢发病率很高,尤其以10~30日龄的仔猪更为常见。产后7d内的仔猪发病率最高,严重时死亡率达70%。如治疗不及时会引起大量死亡,给养猪业造成严重的经济损失。本文笔者在查阅相关资料的基础上结合多年来治疗仔猪黄白痢的实际经验,论述了仔猪黄白痢的病因分析、临床症状、预防和治疗措施,供广大养殖户参考。     

怀化市仔猪黄白痢的调查及分析

从2000年7月至2000年12月对怀化市14个县、市24个乡镇40个养猪场110头母猪所产的1 410头仔猪进行了调查,结果显示仔猪黄、白痢平均发病率为20.13%、病死率为27.15%.通过观察发病仔猪的临床症状与病理变化,进行细菌分离与生化鉴定,分析了仔猪黄、白痢流行特点和发病原因,为仔猪黄白痢的防治提供了试验证据.     

仔猪黄白痢的综合防治措施探讨

仔猪黄痢是由致病性大肠杆菌引起的一种初生仔猪急性致死性传染病,以排黄色稀粪为特征,多发于5日龄内的仔猪;仔猪白痢也是由大肠杆菌引起的一种在哺乳期间的传染病,常见于10～20日龄的仔猪。德宏州是仔猪黄白痢病的常发区,至今该病仍是危害本州仔猪繁殖生产户的难题。据调查统计,仔猪黄白痢发病率为45.8～73.7%,黄痢为50%以上,死亡率为1.6～2.5%;白痢为60%左右。梁河县是德宏州辖区内饲养母猪较多的县,特别是梁河县的大厂乡、小厂乡和平山乡历史上就是德宏州饲     

中西医结合防治鸡白痢病

鸡白痢是由鸡白痢沙门氏菌引起的一种接触性传染病。各种品种的鸡对本病均有易感性，以2～3周龄以内的鸡发病率和病死率为最高，呈流行性。笔者用自拟中药方剂和西药土霉素、氟派酸粉、呋喃唑酮、磺胺类药物联合用药防治雏鸡白痢病，效果良好．     

防治鸡白痢的新型添加剂—中药抗痢灵

鸡白痢是由沙门氏杆菌引起的禽类传染病,如果母鸡感染,母鸡卵所孵出的雏鸡也患本病。雏鸡染该病死亡率最高可达100%,即使幸存下来,其生长发育也受阻。据不完全统计,我省雏鸡白痢发病率为30%,是目前影响雏鸡成活率的主要传染病之一。对鸡白痢的防治,最早使用磺胺类药物,因其副作用大,后又采用呋喃类和合霉素等几种抗菌     

春季犊牛白痢的防治

正犊牛白痢是由致病性大肠杆菌引起的初生牛犊的一种急性传染病,临床上以肠炎败血症、肠毒血症或组织器官炎症等为特征,引起犊牛发病及死亡或生长发育受阻,对养牛业危害极大。春季是产牛犊的高峰期,也是犊牛白痢发病的高峰期。笔者从2010年至今共诊治168例。本地犊牛发病率为12.6%,致死率为26.8%。     

土方治疗仔猪白痢的体会

仔猪白痢是由致病性大肠杆菌及其毒素引起哺乳期仔猪发生的一种传染病,在德宏州一年四季都可发生,以30日龄以内的仔猪为多发病,其中尤以15～25日龄的哺乳仔猪发病最多,发病率54.83%,死亡率16.27%。未经治疗的仔猪,即使耐过也易形成僵猪。笔者在借鉴前人治疗仔猪白痢经验     

仔猪黄白痢防治效果研究

进行了母猪产前药物预防仔猪黄、白痢及自然感染黄、白痢仔猪治疗试验,结果表明:生物预防仔猪黄、白痢可靠有效;注射免疫球蛋白和口服复合益生菌对仔猪黄、白痢治愈率分别为96.4%和91.7%,显著高于口服土霉素碱对仔猪黄、白痢的治愈率。     

黔东南小香鸡原种场鸡白痢沙门氏菌感染调查

为了解黔东南小香鸡原种场鸡白痢沙门氏菌感染状况,通过全血平板凝集法检测黔东南小香鸡鸡白痢沙门氏菌的感染情况。结果表明:在采集的2 711份血清中检测出鸡白痢沙门氏菌阳性305份,总感染率(阳性率)为11.25%(305/2711);鸡白痢在种母鸡、种公鸡、后备种鸡、商品鸡中均有感染,感染率分别为7.32%(54/738)、3.74%(4/107)、7.98%(65/815)和17.32%(182/1051),商品代鸡鸡白痢感染率显著高于种鸡群(P0.05)。黔东南小香鸡原种场鸡白痢感染严重,迫切需要净化。     

Leukemogenic activity of filtrates from radiation-induced lymphoid tumors of mice

Cell-free filtrates of x-ray-induced lymphoid tumors of strain C57BL/ Ka mice have elicited, on injection into newborn isologous hosts, a lymphoma incidence of 15 to 19 percent. In control mice of the same subline, the incidence of spontaneous lymphoma is about 1 percent. No leukemogenic activity could be detected in filtrates from thymi harvested at 2 to 32 days following completion of x-ray treatment. Activity was evident at 64 days and was perhaps somewhat greater at 128 days. Serial cell-free passage of filtrates in newborn F(1) hybrid mice resulted in a marked increase in lymphoma incidence (69 percent), coupled with a shortening of the median latency. Supplementary x-irradiation failed to enhance the activity of filtrates after neonatal injection.     

Inhibition of chemical carcinogenesis by viral vaccines

The incidence of 3-methylcholanthrene-induced subcutaneous tumors was significantly reduced by a single injection of inactivated type C RNA viral vaccine. Rauscher leukemia virus vaccine reduced the incidence of sarcomas from 78 to 50 percent in the BALB/cCr mouse. Radiation leukemia virus vaccine and a vaccine from a wild murine leukemia virus derived from a 3-methylcholanthrene tumor reduced the incidence of sarcoma from 86 percent to 33 and 37 percents, respectively, in the C57BL/6 mouse. These reductions in tumor incidence by virus vaccines help support the concept that type C RNA viruses serve as determinants of chemically induced cancer; additional studies of vaccines made with more purified virus preparations are necessary.     

Three-year incidence of AIDS in five cohorts of HTLV-III-infected risk group members

The incidence of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) among persons infected with human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) was evaluated prospectively among 725 persons who were at high risk of AIDS and had enrolled before October 1982 in cohort studies of homosexual men, parenteral drug users, and hemophiliacs. A total of 276 (38.1 percent) of the subjects were either HTLV-III seropositive at enrollment or developed HTLV-III antibodies subsequently. AIDS had developed in 28 (10.1 percent) of the seropositive subjects before August 1985. By actuarial survival calculations, the 3-year incidence of AIDS among all HTLV-III seropositive subjects was 34.2 percent in the cohort of homosexual men in Manhattan, New York, and 14.9 percent (range 8.0 to 17.2 percent) in the four other cohorts. Out of 117 subjects followed for a mean of 31 months after documented seroconversion, five (all hemophiliacs) developed AIDS 28 to 62 months after the estimated date of seroconversion, supporting the hypothesis that there is a long latency between acquisition of viral infection and the development of clinical AIDS. This long latency could account for the significantly higher AIDS incidence in the New York cohort compared with other cohorts if the virus entered the New York homosexual population before it entered the populations from which the other cohorts were drawn. However, risk of AIDS development in different populations may also depend on the presence of as yet unidentified cofactors.     

Neonatal thymectomy increases the incidence of spontaneous and methylcholanthrene-enhanced thyroiditis in rats

At 16 weeks of age, 13 percent of untreated Buffalo strain rats showed evidence of autoimmune thyroiditis. Feeding methylcholanthrene increased the incidence to 42 percent. Neonatal thymectomy significantly raised the incidence of disease so that almost all (87 percent) untreated and all methylcholanthrene-treated animals developed severe disease. It is proposed that the thymus exerts a regulatory effect on autosensitization.     

美人指葡萄缩果病的试验研究

2011年对美人指葡萄缩果病的发生进行了试验研究。结果表明:在根盘覆盖黑地膜和稻草可以显著地提高土壤的相对湿度,有效地降低葡萄缩果病的发病率;在供试的3种避雨棚架中,以小拱棚内的温度最低、相对湿度最高,其通风透气性能最好;小拱棚、连栋大棚内葡萄缩果病的发病率分别为13.10%、12.89%,明显低于单栋大棚的(31.16%)。     

Warfarin treatment of mice bearing autochthonous tumors: effect on spontaneous metastases

Long-term oral administration of sodium warfarin significantly reduced the incidence of spontaneous metastases in the lungs from 83 percent in controls to 8 percent in treated C57/BL/6N mice. The size and weight of primary tumors in mice treated with warfarin were less than in control mice. Length of survival was unaffected.     

Aging increases susceptibility of mouse skin to DMBA carcinogenesis independent of general immune status

The dependence of chemical carcinogenesis on age of target tissue was studied by repeated DMBA-treatment of mouse skin grafted from old and young syngeneic donors to young recipients. Carcinomas developed on 39 percent (1.6/41) of grafts from old donors and on 12 percent (5/41) of grafts from young donors. The incidence of nonskin lymphoid tumors was highest in male recipients bearing grafts from old donors.     

Incidence of sex chromatin in Gallus domesticus

The presence of so-called sex chromatin has been demonstrated in the interphase nuclei of the cells of the domestic chicken (Gallus domesticus). Definite sex dimorphism was observed for the incidence of this nuclear component; the frequency of its occurrence in females was at least ten times that of its occurrence in the males, ranging from 22 percent in the duodenal muscle cells to 52 percent in the epidermal cells of a growing feather.     

Chromosomal abnormalities in the human population: estimation of rates based on New Haven newborn study

The incidence of gross chromosomal abnormality was measured in a large (4500), relatively unbiased sample of New Haven infants born during 1 year. The frequency of infants with abnormal chromosomal constitutions was 0.5 percent. For mothers over age 34, 1.5 percent of newborns were chromosomally abnormal. Only one in four of these infants could have been detected by phenotypic criteria alone. Methods are discussed whereby this fraction of the newborn population might be detected and possibly reduced.     

陕西秦岭林区华山松疱锈病分布及危害研究

华山松疱锈病在陕西省秦岭华山松自然分布区域均有发生,病情从西向东逐渐加重,以中幼龄人工纯林发病较为严重,混交林则发病较轻。危害最严重的林分发病率高达54％,村积损失量为4.16m~3/ha,林分蓄积损失率为6.21％。