高温下钢管约束型钢混凝土柱的受力性能

火灾下无防火保护的结构构件温度会迅速上升，从而造成钢材和混凝土的强度明显下降。为了研究火灾下钢管约束型钢混凝土柱的受力性能，考虑火灾下钢管约束型钢混凝土柱的不均匀温度分布及温度对材料力学性能的影响，提出了火灾下受轴心荷载作用的钢管约束型钢混凝土柱承载力的计算方法。利用有限元软件ABAQUS对提出的计算方法进行了验证，结果吻合较好。进而采用该计算方法对影响高温下承载力的参数进行了分析，研究表明：随着构件截面尺寸的增加以及混凝土强度和钢材强度的提高，构件的承载力逐渐增加，而钢管壁厚的改变对承载力并无太大影响。利用有限元软件ABAQUS分析了荷载比、构件尺寸、钢管壁厚等因素对构件耐火极限的影响，发现耐火极限随着荷载比和钢管壁厚的增加而减小，随着构件尺寸的增加而增大。     

固化疏浚淤泥作路基材料工程特性试验研究

为了探讨粉煤灰和工业矿粉固化疏浚淤泥作路基材料的可行性，通过一系列室内实验研究了不同固化剂配比对固化淤泥击实特性、水稳定性、承载力和抗剪强度的影响。实验结果表明，不同固化剂配比下固化淤泥的最大干密度均超过1.50 g/cm³，最优含水率约为20~21%；淤泥固化处理后浸水4 d的膨胀率均不超过1.1%，水稳性大幅提升；矿粉含量越高，粉煤灰含量越低，CBR（California Bearing Ratio）值越高，土样的承载力越高，抗剪强度也越高。不同工况浸水4 d的CBR值均达到了较高的水平，工况SD10FA20MP（淤泥：粉煤灰：矿粉=7：1：2）CBR值最高，达到了34.8%，是规范中高速、一级公路路基填料要求最低CBR值的4.35倍，作路基填料使用可行。     

尾叶桉叶片水提取液对小麦生长的影响研究

以小麦湘麦13号品种为实验材料，研究了尾叶桉叶片水提取液对小麦种子生长的影响，结果表明：尾叶桉叶片水提取液对小麦种子萌芽有显著抑制作用，当浓度为30mg/ml时发芽率下降40%；对小麦生长亦有显著抑制作用，其中4mg/ml与5mg/ml的浸提液抑制作用尤为显著，4mg/ml抑制苗高39%、根长28%；5mg/ml抑制苗高61%、根长56%；30mg/ml的浸提液令小麦幼苗叶绿素含量降低了51%，呼吸速率降低了64%。说明尾叶桉叶片水提取液物质具有较强的化感作用。     

S-3307和PP_(333)对水稻壮秧增蘖作用研究

用不同浓度Ｓ－３３０７和ＰＰ３３３溶液浸种试验表明，这两种生长延缓剂对水稻秧苗都有明显的壮秧增蘖作用。其作用随浓度提高和浸种时间的延长而增强。用生长量苗高x单株分蘖数）来判断最适施用浓度，在本试验条件下，对照秧苗的生长量为４２．１；用０．５１０－６Ｓ－３３０７浸种７２ｈ的秧苗生长量为５３．６；用５１０－６ＰＰ３３３浸种７２ｈ的秧苗生长量为５２．７。说明以上浸种浓度和时间为最佳处理。用Ｓ－３３０７和ＰＰ３３３浸种后，水稻苗叶片叶绿素含量提高，光合性能改善。秧苗叶片在０～２℃低温下，各处理电导度比对照小，说明细胞结构遭受破坏程度减轻，质膜仍具有一定的半透性，使外渗物质减少，表现出电导度增加不多。     

酸雨环境下老旧砖砌体的抗压性能

为研究酸雨环境下老旧砌体抗压力学性能退化规律，实验室配置了PH值分别为1.5、2.5和3.5的3种硫酸和硝酸混合溶液来模拟酸雨环境，采用完全浸泡加速腐蚀的试验方法对砖、砂浆和砖柱进行不同程度的腐蚀，并测定其抗压强度。试验表明，随着腐蚀时间的增加，砂浆试块抗压强度先增大后降低；砖试块抗压强度随腐蚀时间的增加而降低；模拟酸雨溶液PH值越小，砂浆和砖试块抗压强度降低程度也愈大；砖柱极限承载力和弹性模量均随腐蚀时间的增加而降低，且模拟酸雨溶液PH值越小，降低程度愈大；随着腐蚀时间的增加，砖柱初始刚度逐渐减小，极限破坏位移增大；模拟酸雨溶液PH值越小，砖柱在达到峰值荷载时的变形值越小，脆性愈大；基于试验结果，建立了酸雨环境下砖柱应力应变曲线上升段统一数学表达式及酸雨侵蚀后普通烧结粘土砖砌体剩余抗压强度回归公式。     

Experimental Investigation on the Aseismic Behavior of Seismic Damage Masonry Wall Retrofitted with Grouting and Steel Hoops

In order to accurately evaluate the aseismic behavior of the seismic damaged masonry pagodas destroyed by Wenchuan earthquake and strengthened after the earthquake, a test was conducted to acquire related parameters on seismic performance from the specimens made by masonry and retrofitted with grouting and steel hoops. Taking a seismic damaged ancient masonry pagoda in Sichuan as a case study, four kinds of primitive specimens are fabricated by simulating the conformation of the masonry pagoda. Then the primitive specimens are destroyed under cycle loads and the damaged specimens are repaired by grouting and steel hoops. Cycle controlling tests are conducted with the specimens and relevant data are acquired. Experimental results showed that grouting combined with steel hoops could improve the ductility and energy dissipation capacity of a seismic damage of brick masonry structure, but it do a little to improve the stiffness of a seismic damage structure. And the cracking load of the repaired masonry is much lower than the original undamaged structure.     

自制硅酸盐对传统糯米灰浆性能的影响

采用灰浆性能表征和扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、红外光谱（FTIR）等技术手段，探讨了自制硅酸盐对糯米灰浆的影响及作用机理。结果表明：自制硅酸盐对糯米灰浆的表面硬度、抗压强度、耐冻融性和耐水性均有一定程度的改善。6%自制硅酸盐糯米灰浆的综合性能最佳，其66 d抗压强度高达1.41 MPa，耐冻融性较之空白样品提高了133%，耐水性能提高了43.8%。改性糯米灰浆耐水性等性能的提高，可能与灰浆中水化硅酸钙的生成有关。     

页岩烧结保温砌块砌体基本力学性能试验研究

通过对页岩烧结保温砌块砌体轴心抗压、沿通缝抗剪、剪压复合抗剪性能试验研究,分析其破坏特征和破坏机理。试验结果表明:页岩烧结保温砌块砌体受压破坏时,在竖向灰缝附近形成主裂缝,接近极限荷载时砌体出现表皮剥落现象;沿通缝抗剪破坏模式主要为单剪破坏,脆性明显;剪压破坏有剪磨、剪压和斜压3种类型;实测轴心抗压强度平均值高于规范值,沿通缝抗剪强度、复合抗剪强度平均值低于计算值,并分别给出砌体轴心抗压强度平均值、抗剪、剪压复合受力抗剪强度平均值建议公式;剪压复合抗剪强度随着压应力的增大而增大;建立了页岩烧结保温砌块砌体受压应力应变关系表达式;给出该类砌块的弹性模量和泊松比的建议值。     

Finite Element Analysis of Masonry RVE Homogenization Procedure

Homogenization is one of the most important steps in the numerical analysis of masonry structure, where the continuum is used. A masonry representative volume element (RVE) is formed as the equivalent element of masonry components and it is the most important step in homogenization procedure. The RVE is molded with consideration of the material properties of mortar and brick as well as their interaction separately. In this paper the masonry RVE is simulated with the finite element software ANSYS. The stress-strain relationships of RVE subjected to different types of loading conditions are presented. The equivalent elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio are calculated and the feasibility of finite element method used in the procedure of masonry homogenization is demonstrated.     

Experimental Study on Local Nonuniform Compression of Fired Shale Perforated Brick Masonry

In order to know the behavior of local nonuniform compression of fired shale perforated brick masonry with rectangular holes,the experimental study of 18 specimens with and without restriction at the end of beam under local compression was carried out.The failure modes and bearing mechanisms of specimens were researched and analyzed,the integrity coefficient of local compression stress figure was deduced,at last,the theoretical and testing values of local compression bearing capacity were compared and analyzed.The results indicate that the bearing performance at the end of wall section under local compression behaves better than that on the fringe,the vertical cracks throughout the specimen on the fringe caused by local nonuniform pressure weaken the advantageous function of 'unloading by the interior arch',the effective supporting length calculated according to code for design masonry structure is partial to safety.These results and suggestions can be used in the design of bearing perforated brick masonry for reference.     

Sulphate Attack Resistance of the Concrete with Additives and Its Assessment

The influence of three kinds of additives: silica fume,slag and fly ash on the sulphate attack resistance of concrete were studied.The experiment results show that these three kinds of additives can improve sulphate attack resistance of the concrete and the order of their efficiency from high to low is silica fume,slag and fly ash;the development of mortar expansion value is closely related to the degree of sulphate attack resistance of the concrete;integrated assessing two concrete properties: mortar expansion value and compressive strength ratio can more exactly assess the sulphate attack resistance of the concrete.     

不考虑碳化深度的烧结砖砂浆回弹曲线

通过对烧结普通砖砂浆回弹法所基于的历史试验进行再分析,认为碳化深度对砂浆回弹值影响不大。在此基础上,通过由不同强度等级的砂浆砌筑而成的烧结普通砖砌体结构进行新一轮砂浆灰缝试验,运用Origin8.0软件对标准砂浆试块强度与砂浆灰缝回弹值进行回归分析,得出了不考虑碳化深度影响的烧结普通砖砂浆回弹曲线。     

EXPERIMNTAL RESEARCH ON THE CRACK RESISTANCE AND BEARING CAPACITY OF PRESTRESSED BRICK MASONRY WALLS UNDER CYCLIC LOADING

By comparing the tests of prestressed and nonprestressed brick masonry walls with peripheral beams and Constructional columns, under cyclic lateral loading,the apperaence and development of Cracks,failure mechanism,hysteretic behavior,strength,stiffness,ductility and ener-gy dissipation of the brick rnasonry walls arc studied.Only the crack resistance and bearing capacity of walls are discussed in this paper.It is shown that prestressing on brick masonry wall can obviotisly improve its seismic behavior.Morcover,calculating methods for the crack resistance and the ultimate bearing capacity are presented,and the caculating results are identical with the tests.     

冻融环境下钢筋与粉煤灰混凝土的粘结性能

通过对内贴应变片钢筋的直接拔出试验,分析冻融作用下粉煤灰掺量对钢筋与粉煤灰混凝土间粘结性能的影响,得出冻融循环作用对钢筋与粉煤灰混凝土之间粘结性能的影响规律。试验结果表明：钢筋与粉煤灰混凝土的粘结强度随粉煤灰掺量的增加而降低;当粉煤灰掺量一定时,随着冻融循环次数的增加,混凝土强度有所下降,钢筋与粉煤灰混凝土间极限粘结强度降低;当粉煤灰掺量较大,达到40%时,随冻融次数的增加,钢筋粉煤灰混凝土试件极限粘结强度的下降幅度明显减缓,极限粘结强度对应的滑移量增大。表明掺入较多粉煤灰可使试件的冻融损伤现象得到缓解,冻融环境下钢筋混凝土的粘结性能得到提高。