强化种子检验实现种子标准化

标准化是指在经济、技术、科学与管理等社会实践中,对重复性事物和概念通过制定、发布和实施标准,达到统一,也获得最佳秩序和社会效益的过程.种子标准化是通过总结生产实践和科学实验的经验,对农作物优良品种和种子的特征、特性、种子生产、种子质量、种子检验方法及种子包装、运输、贮藏等方面作出科学、合理、明确的技术规定,制定出一系列先进的、可行的技术标准,并在生产、使用和管理过程中贯彻执行.     

农牧交错区化肥减量施用对马铃薯产量、

马铃薯种植中超量和长期施用化肥已造成产量、品质和耐贮性下降，为了充分利用农牧交错区产生的有机肥，提高马铃薯产量、品质和耐贮性，实现马铃薯产业可持续发展，研究了化肥减量施用和增施有机肥对马铃薯产量、品质和耐贮性的影响。结果表明，化肥减量施用和增施有机肥提高了马铃薯品质和耐贮性。处理2（50%常规施肥量+4 m3有机肥）的产量、蛋白质、淀粉、干物质、可溶性糖和VC含量最高，较对照（CK）分别提高了1.67%、15.66%、13.58%、11.63%、31.91%和21.17%，贮藏期软腐病、干腐病、环腐病和晚疫病发病率较低，较对照（CK）分别降低了44.72%、45.61%、50.14%和39.39%。建议在农牧交错区采用处理2来提高马铃薯产量、品质和耐贮性，降低化肥用量和施肥成本。     

化肥减量和增施生物有机肥对人参果产量、品质和耐贮性的影响

在人参果种植过程中减量使用尿素,并分别配合施用绿能牌、绿丰牌和冠菌牌生物有机肥,以单一施用非减量尿素为对照,研究尿素减量配施不同生物有机肥对人参果产量、品质和贮藏期病害发生的影响。研究结果表明:尿素减量施用和配施不同生物有机肥后均提高了人参果的产量和品质,降低了贮藏期病害发生,其中尿素减量配施绿能牌生物有机肥后人参果折合产量、商品果率、采收时和贮藏后的蛋白质、可溶性糖、氨基酸和VC含量最高,折合产量、商品果率较对照分别提高96.00%和50.67%;采收时蛋白质、可溶性糖、氨基酸和VC含量较对照分别提高24.46%、44.83%、31.37%和56.24%;贮藏后蛋白质、可溶性糖、氨基酸和VC含量较对照分别提高37.50%、44.00%、33.50%和62.36%;贮藏期软腐病病斑直径、单果病斑数和发病率最低,较对照分别降低44.55%、62.59%和57.77%,差异均达到极显著水平(P0.01)。建议试验区尿素减量配施绿能牌生物有机肥来提高人参果产量、品质和耐贮性。     

不同用量化肥和猪粪对优质强筋小麦产量和品质的影响

研究不同用量化肥和猪粪对优质强筋小麦产量和品质的影响,以不同氮肥类型和用量长期定位试验为平台(猪粪氮与化肥氮分别为0、60、120、180、240、300、360、420、500、600 kg/hm2),分析评价猪粪氮和化肥氮不同用量对优质强筋小麦'烟农19'产量和品质的影响.结果 表明:氮肥类型和用量对小麦产量和品质...     

生态有机肥还田对饲用玉米种植田有机质、酶活性和重金属的影响

为了解决饲用玉米种植田质量下降的问题，进行了生态有机肥还田对饲用玉米种植田有机质及酶活性和重金属影响的试验研究。结果表明，施用生态有机肥与农户习惯施用化肥相比，饲用玉米种植田有机质、有机碳和供碳量分别增加了14.44%、13.48%和13.49%，细菌和放线菌分别增加了17.61%和20.69%，蔗糖酶、脲酶、磷酸酶和多酚氧化酶活性分别增加了7.58%、2.14%、1.12%和21.43%；真菌、Hg、Cr、Pb、Cu、Cd和Zn含量分别降低了9.98%、10.20%、10.98%、13.10%、12.50%、9.09%和8.33%。施用生态有机肥，提高了饲用玉米种植田有机质、细菌、放线菌数量和酶活性，降低了真菌和重金属含量。     

贵州省主要农作物及其副产物资源调查与饲用价值评价研究

为了充分挖掘贵州省丰富的农作物副产物资源、缓解饲料资源短缺和加快推进农作物副产物综合利用,基于《贵州统计年鉴》（2006-2019年）及实地调查数据,开展贵州主要农作物（稻谷、小麦、玉米、大豆、甘蔗、花生、油菜、薏苡和荞麦）及其副产物资源调查,对收集到的部分农作物副产物的常规营养成分、消化能和相对饲用价值（RFV）进行综合评价。结果表明,在9种贵州主要农作物副产物中,小麦秸秆、薏苡秸秆和花生秸秆具有较高的粗蛋白含量（8.68%、8.52%和8.45%）、较低的酸性洗涤纤维（46.74%、40.63%和37.75%）和中性洗涤纤维含量（51.74%、46.37%和43.16%）,营养成分较好;油菜秸杆、花生秸秆和薏苡秸秆的消化能（分别为10.91、9.25和8.91MJ/kg）均显著优于其他6种农作物副产物;油菜秸秆、花生秸秆和稻草的RFV均显著高于其他6种农作物副产物,且RFV高于100（分别为148.65、110.34和102.68）。说明在贵州地区,油菜秸秆、花生秸秆和薏苡秸秆等农作物副产物相对利用价值较高。     

施用猪粪对蔬菜生长及土壤抗生素、重金属含量的影响

为研究施用含有多种抗生素和重金属元素残留的猪粪有机肥对土壤和作物的影响，采用1年大田试验比较腐熟猪粪和新鲜猪粪对土壤中四环素类抗生素[四环素(TC)、土霉素(OTC)、金霉素(CTC)]、抗性菌和重金属(Cu、Cd、Ni、Pb、Zn、Cr)的残留量及对土壤抗性菌数量及蔬菜产量的影响。结果表明，水白菜、菜心、莴苣、青梗菜4种蔬菜新鲜猪粪处理（FPM处理）的产量较腐熟猪粪处理（CPM处理）分别增加了11.3%、3.2%、75.0%和6.8%，施用CPM 1年后的土壤anti-OTC和anti-TC比FPM高73.07%和40.89%，其anti-OTC抗性菌占细菌总数的比例分别比FPM和CK（不施用猪粪的对照处理）显著高163.10%和307.10%，anti-CTC显著高于对照52.3%。施用CPM和FPM的土壤四环素类抗生素TC、OTC、CTC含量及总量显著增加，土壤Cd、Cu、Zn含量分别较对照土壤增加52.7%、33.7%和29.8%(CPM)，8.7%、24.1%和16.9%(FPM)。土壤中Cd、Cu、Zn含量CPM>FPM>CK。施用猪粪会造成土壤中四环素和重金属的累积。     

香蕉、小麦中戊唑醇残留稳定性研究

本文运用香蕉和小麦中戊唑醇残留检测方法,对1.0 mg/L的标准工作溶液、香蕉和小麦提取液、香蕉、小麦中添加戊唑醇标样分别在-20℃、4℃、25℃条件下分别保存1天、3天、5天、7天、10天、14天,进行稳定性试验,香蕉和小麦中添加浓度为1.0 mg/kg,14天后戊唑醇标准工作溶液分解率分别为6.95%、9.94%和15.92%,戊唑醇提取液14天后分解率分别为11.47%和19.64%、23.88%和23.12%、26.94%和27.49%,基质中添加样贮存7天后分解率分别为23.42%和27.18%、19.14%和26.73%。     

浸种时间和催芽温度对红秋葵萌芽的影响

试验对红秋葵种子浸种时间和催芽温度进行了研究,从种子的发芽率、发芽势和集中度,以及从节能角度综合分析,得出浸种时间以16h、20h为宜,二处理的发芽率、发芽势和集中度分别达到87.3%、85.3%、81.3%和87.3%、85.3%、80.7%;催芽以28℃的处理为宜,其发芽率、发芽势和集中度高达88.0%、88.0%和86.7%.     

用电子计算机开展玉米栽培指标化和模式化研究

本文提出用电子计算机开展玉米栽培指标化和模式化研究的思路和步骤。 一、研制软件和建立数据库 玉米栽培指标化和模式化的研究要对大量试验数据进行处理,如相关分析、曲线拟合、多元和逐步回归、积分回归、方差分析、时间序列分析、聚类分析和最优化方法等,除直接引用外,还应按问题本身的性质……     

Artificial neural network approach for prediction of ammonia emission from field-applied manure and relative significance assessment of ammonia emission factors

This article presents a systematic method for enhancing the estimation accuracy of ammonia emission from field-applied manure and for assessing the relative significance of ammonia emission factors, using the feedforward-backpropagation artificial neural network (ANN) approach.

The multivariate linear regression (MLR) method well describes the ammonia emission tendency with the emission factor variation. However, ammonia emission from manure slurry is too complex to be captured in a linear regression model. This necessitates a model which can describe complex nonlinear effects between the ammonia emission variables such as soil and manure states, climate and agronomic factors. In the present study, a principle component analysis (PCA) based preprocessing and weight partitioning method (WPM) based postprocessing ANN approach (called the PWA approach) is proposed to account for the complex nonlinear effects.

The ammonia emission is predicted with precision by the 11 emission factors, using the nonlinear ANN approach. The relative importance among the 11 emission factors is identified using the elasticity analysis in the MLR method and using the WPM in the ANN approach. The relative significance obtained quantitatively by the PWA approach in the present study gives an excellent explanation of the most important processes controlling NH₃ emission.     

Prediction Model of Exploitation Sink Using Ann and GIS

A new idea is put forward on researches of prediction method of coal mining subsidence supported by GIS, and a new method is given about quantitative prediction of mining subsidence by means of GIS and ANN(Artificial Neural Network).This paper has completed a lot of work concerning choosing factor,data processing, establishing and validating preliminary ANN prediction model. Further more,data processing is carried out by GIS software,and the BP training method is used for modeling the exploitation sink system. Subsequently,the error is qualitatively analyzed with considering the result of verification. Researches show that the ANN prediction model supported by GIS has theoretical feasibility and realistic significance in predicting complex exploitation sink system,and GIS and ANN possess wide application prospects in the prediction of exploitation sink.     

利用神经网络提取棉花叶片数字图像氮素含量的初步研究

选取6种输入向量组合，利用线性网络、BP网络以及径向基网络等3种神经网络模型进行比较研究，筛选最适宜网络模型和最佳输入组合，建立叶片数字图像彩色信息和叶片氮含量的关系模型，探索利用神经网络技术获取叶片数字图像信息的方法。结果表明，径向基网络在利用数字图像(B，H，G-R，G/R)指标作为网络输入向量时，能够实现获取棉花叶片数字图像氮含量的目标。径向基网络训练的180组样本的训练精度均达到极显著水平（r = 0.9022**），30组测试样本的预测值与实测值也达到极显著相关（r = 0.8674**），径向基网络和(B，H，G-R，G/R)向量是一种适合本研究的数学模型。对利用神经网络提取棉花叶片数字图像氮含量技术的初步探索，拓展了神经网络和数字图像技术在农业生产中的应用。     

Signal Processing of Electroencephalogram and It''s Application

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are the electrical activities in the cortex or on the surface of scalp caused by the physiological activities of the brain which play a key role in the diagnosis of brain and the functional determination of brain. The authors discuss some methods for processing EEG signals from the view of the frequency domain and time domain, especially introduce some time-frequency analysis methods such as Wigner distribution, wavelet transform and matching pursuit etc. , ANN and non-linear analysis for EEG signals processing.     

A Kind of Fuzzy System Modelling and Control Based on Neural Networks

Combining artificial neural networks(ANN) with fuzzy system theory,a kind of modelling & control method of fuzzy system based on ANN is presented.The simulation researches have verified that the proposed approach can be applied effectively to a number of control systems which are defficult to build strict mathematical model.     

Pre-bid Decision-making Process Based on Artificial Neural Networks Technology

There are complicated non-linear relations among influence factors, and between influence factors and decision - making results, which cannot be handled by common analytical method effectively. So the ANN technology was applied in the pre-bid decision-making processes. An indicator system of influence factors for pre-bid decision-making process was built based on extensive investigations, comparisons and analyses, with due considerations to the ANN analysis requirements. And then the criterion and method for quantifying the indicators were put forward by quantificational methods and fuzzy theories. An ANN model for pre-bid decision- making process was constructed and performed in Matlab, which has powerful learning ability and fast learning speed. The model was verified by a few examples from engineering practice.     

Application of Artificial Neural Network in Elastic Internal Force Analysis of Two Way Slab

In this paper, the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is applied to the internal force analysis of structure. After introducing the model and algorithm of back-propagation network, a trained BP network of three layers is used to calculate the maximum of elastic moment of middle span of two-way slab. In order to enhance the generalized capability of network, the modified value of weight should be regarded as convergence standard and in order to accelerate the learning process without vibration, the method of adding momentum coefficient is adopted. The analysis program of BP network is carried out with the software of Matlab. The result demonstrates that application of ANN in structure analysis is feasible.     

Load Prediction with Neural Network Method and Operation Optimization of Ice Storage Air Conditioning System

This paper presents some common control strategy of ice storage air conditioning system. It is suggested that the optimization on ice storage air conditioning system should be based on accurate load prediction and the artificial neural network (ANN) modeling for load prediction was presented.     

ANN Disaster Identifying of Wujiawan Landslide in Wanzhou Urban

The paper aims at ANN disaster-possibility identifying of Wujiawan Landslide. ANN construction and parameter setup are analyzed for landslide disaster identifying by ANN, based on a typical landslide-Wujiawan landslide in Wanzhou urban, by confirming evaluation factor and establishing sample data. The ANN model is trained by the similar landslide sample in Wanzhou urban, then the disaster is identified in several different conditions of Wujiawan landslide. Finally, the same conclusion are found by analyzing combined ANN Disaster-Identifying and limit-equilibrium-method calculation. The results show that AAN is accurate and satisfied to be used landslide disaster-possibility identifying.     

鱿鱼内脏成分分析及自溶条件的研究

以水解度和水解液中氨基酸态氮的含量为评价指标,以提高鱿鱼内脏水解度为目的,测定了鱿鱼内脏基本成分,进行单因素试验确定了鱿鱼内脏的自溶最佳料液比1:1,pH值4.5,恒温45℃,自溶12h。同时添加适量的半胱氨酸和巯基乙醇,紫外照射和超声处理对自溶都有促进作用。