大型商场建筑夏季冷负荷动态预测模型

夏季建筑冷负荷的正确预测是实现大型复杂中央空调优化运行、节能降耗的关键。笔者探讨了商场建筑冷负荷的主要影响因素,确定了建筑动态冷负荷预测模型的输入,提出了夏季基于新风机组供电频率的商场顾客率间接测量方法,解决了商场内顾客量难以检测的难题。还提出了AFC-HCMAC神经网络预测模型算法,实现了大型商场建筑冷负荷的动态预测。仿真结果表明:顾客率在商场冷负荷预测中占有重要地位,在冷负荷预测模型中增加商场顾客率可显著提高预测精度;AFC-HCMAC神经网络预测算法与传统的HCMAC神经网络算法比较,可有效降低神经网络节点数,提高预测精度。     

Calculating the Cooling Load of Cars'' Air-Conditioning System

This paper adopts harmonic reaction method to calculate the cooling load of the air conditioning system of the NO.1011A loaded miniature cars in Chongqing Chang'an Automobile Company .The study indicates that harmonic reaction method is more exact than traditional steady method to show the dynamic characteristic of cooling load. The maximum cooling load appears on 2:00 pm, it's 3 098 W. Among the whole cooling load,heat load through windows and heat load through components are the biggest,they occupy 50% of the whole amount. Heat load of air leaks occupies 27.3%,which shows that it is necessary to improve the seal of cars. Chongqing Chang'an Automobile Company develops optimize design for the air condition system with this result, which reaches a perfect climate effect.     

Research on Load Prediction Model of Air Condition System Based on Elman Neural Network

The load of air condition system is influenced by many factors, and they are variable and nonlinear, The relation between them is dynamic,It is impossible to forecaste the load of air condition syestem accurately by traditional method. But Recurrent Neural Network is able to reflect the dynamic lively and directly. Elman is one of the typical RNN. Based on the analysis as above, prediction model of air-condition system based on Elman neural network is established, and some prediction is done. The prediction accuracy of Elman neural network and BP neural network is compared, and the experiments show that the Elman neural network is efficiency and accuracy , so Elman neural network is a new and reliable method for predicting the load of air-condition system.     

高温高湿储粮区空调控温储藏应用研究

在平房仓和立筒仓开展空调控温储藏试验,结果表明:相同的空调运行条件下,平房仓内空调对稻谷仓仓温及表层粮温的控温效果优于玉米仓;立筒仓粮堆底层和表层的温度变化幅度都比较大,在夏季高温季节开启空调,对表层粮温的控制效果明显,可延缓其变化幅度和降低温度值;空调温度的设置应根据气温和粮情的变化适时做出调整,在达到控温目标的同时实现节能降耗。     

Determination of Papacity of Ice Making Chiller

How to optimize ice storage fraction and determine ice making mode a common method of selecting capacity of chillers now. In view of this situation, a new kind of method on determining of ice making mode of chiller is introduced according to types of chiller and ice storage. Formula of capacity of chiller are given under the full storage, partial storage and chiller priority control, partial storage and ice priority control. The important conclusion that ice storage fraction is independent on capacity of chiller under specified control is obtained. It is very important to determine properly capacit of chiller and ice making mode in order to design reasonably ice storage system. An engineering example is discussed in detail.     

CFD Simulation of Air Distribution for Subway Island- platform

To provide gist of air distribution design for subway island-platform and appraise the blue print of air distribution design,a three-dimension model of typical island-platform was constructed.Then it got an appropriate temperature difference for the supply air to optimize the air conditioning system design for subway island-platform.The physical model was set up with standard turbulence.Based on factual heat and wet load,a boundary condition for the simulation was analyzed.The air flow of subway island-platform was simulated with Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD).The Simulated temperature fields were the same as the tested temperature fields.Then the Computational Fluid Dynamics simulation can simulate and forecast subway island-platform temperature fields accurately with standard model.Thus it can provide gist for air-conditional system design of subway island-platform.     

冰蓄冷低温送风空调系统㶲损因素分析

低温送风空调系统引进新型冰蓄冷设备,采用正丁烷作为制冷剂,制冷剂与水直接接触,换热更强烈且稳定。为了研究该系统相应㶲损因素条件下的节能薄弱环节,实现系统性能优化,基于该系统及各表冷器㶲分析模型,分析了热湿比、新风比、送风温差等㶲损因素对系统㶲效率和各表冷器㶲损率的影响。结果表明:当热湿比变化时,处理二次混风的表冷器㶲损率随之呈正比变化,其他表冷器㶲损率及系统㶲效率随之呈反比变化;当新风比变化时,处理新风的两级表冷器㶲损率随之呈正比变化,其他表冷器㶲损率及系统㶲效率随之呈反比变化;当送风温差变化时,处理一次回风的表冷器㶲损率随之呈正比变化,其他表冷器㶲损率及系统㶲效率随之呈反比变化。     

THE WAYS FOR IMPROVING INDOOR ENVIRONMENT AND AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEMS IN DANCLING HALLS

Since 1988, air temperature, humidity, air quality, noise level and intensity of illumination in lots of dancing halls in China have been investigated and tested. This paper introduces the present situation of indoor environment and air conditioning systems in dancing halls of China. The design indexes of cooling load for room and ontside air are recommended. The reasons for indoor environment deterioration have been found out. From the actual situation of China, the ways for imoroving indoor environment and approach of energy conservation in air conditioning systems are explored.     

Study on Energy - Saving Strategy and Application of Intelligent Buildings

Intelligent buildings are more convenient and comfortable, however, their energy consumption during the operation arouses a big concern in society. In this article air - conditioning system operation control is studied mainly, meanwhile, to develop a kind of energy - saving air - conditioning system and put forward a strategy of energy conservation in air - conditioning, based on the calculation of the target on - line optimized function.     

不同桑椹品种、物候期及贮藏条件下白藜芦醇的差异研究

为合理利用桑椹中的白藜芦醇,以不同品种桑椹为原材料,测定不同的物候期和贮藏条件下桑椹中白藜芦醇的含量,分析其变化规律。不同品种成熟的桑椹中,‘中椹1号'中白藜芦醇含量最高,为0.3540 mg/g;同一品种桑椹中白藜芦醇含量随发育时期的推迟而不断减少,桑椹发育初期白藜芦醇含量最高。自发气调、减压、紫外照射、壳聚糖涂膜、水杨酸涂膜、1-MCP熏蒸、茉莉酸甲酯熏蒸等贮藏方式可以有效延长桑椹的贮藏时间,‘中椹1号'和‘白玉王'2个品种均可以延长8天,茉莉酸甲酯熏蒸、壳聚糖涂膜、减压贮藏和自发气调等贮藏条件可以有效保持白藜芦醇的含量。同一发育时期内不同品种、不同发育时期同一品种的桑椹中白藜芦醇含量存在差异。     

Optimizing Design of Displacement Ventilation in Cinema

In order to research the displacement air conditioning in cinem conditioning system with wall diffuser in cinema with the CFD. According a, the writer simulates the displacement air to the result of the computing, we can find that if we adjust the position of the openings and parameter of air-inlet in reason. It is useful to make good use of displacement air conditioning system with wall diffuser and extend the saving energy methods by using the CFD technology in designing the air condition system in cinema.     

节能空调模式在粮仓中的应用初探

分析了粮食储藏的环境要求,提出了冰蓄冷空调技术、地源热泵技术、太阳能制冷技术、蒸发冷却技术等在粮仓中应用的可行性,并结合相关系统图或原理图,在省电、节能的背景下,指出了粮食储藏技术今后的发展方向。     

不同气体贮藏条件对寒富苹果采后果实品质的影响

将寒富苹果分别置于10组不同比例O2和CO2的气调装置中（对照是流动的空气）,在0℃条件下贮藏60d．研究不同气调参数对贮藏期间果实品质及褐变的影响。结果表明,气调贮藏果实的硬度虽然保持较好,但是都不同程度地产生了CO2伤害,当环境中的CO2浓度〉1％时,果实NCO2伤害而产生褐变。VC含量减少,电导率上升。总体品质下降,然而对照果实始终未发生褐变的现象。说明寒富苹果是不耐CO2气体的苹果品种,贮藏期出现的果实褐变是由CO2伤害造成的。因此,寒富苹果在贮藏时．应及时通风换气．如在贮藏中采用塑料袋包装,应避免扎口,防止果实产生CO2伤害。     

Predictive Model of Performance of Metal-packed Evaporative Air Conditioning System

Based on characters of Artificial Neural Network(ANN) such as non-liner mapping,self-learning,the ANN model was set up to predict the relationship between effective factors and performance of metal-packed evaporative air conditioning system.In order to reflect the performance of the predictive model,experimental data were used to test and verify the model.The outcome of the ANN model is in good agreement with experimental data and relative difference is within 6 percent.So it is feasible to predict the performance of metal-packed evaporative air conditioning system.     

Analysis and Applicati on High- Efficacy Saving Energy Technique of Central Air - Conditioning System

Aimins at the state that present central air- conditioning systems performance in high ineffective energy consumption, this paper studies the reasons of ineffective energy consumption and the key technique to solove the problem. A set of energe saving device for central air - conditioning systems is developed. A system dynamical mathematical model is established in theory, and an optimal performance pattern is fired. The central air - conditioning system can work in the optimal pattern with effective comfortability and saving energy by using. The device may save power rate to 22.6% by survey and may have broad market prospect in the southern area.     

Inverter Controlled Water Chiller Application of Central Air Conditioning System

The authors intraluce exhibition centre air conditioning system survey of shenzhen high_new technique science_technology achievement trade fair and application standards performans of inverter controlled centrifugal water chiller, and analyse energy saving principle of inverter controlled water chiller. The authors also discusses inverter governor basic structure consist of rectification mould plate, IGBT mould plate, Vexamine devices, drives mould plate, CPU minute handle implement et al,and controlled principle, controlled process, controlled paris, VSD work principles figure.The performances of VSD centrifugal water chiller especially on energy saving and part load are studied,and the conclusion is given that this VSD centrifugal water chiller can save energy at 33% while theload is 80%, and that the other performances are superior to the normal centrifugal water chiller.     

冬枣保鲜技术研究现状

介绍了冬枣的品质特性及呼吸类型。综述了低温贮藏、气调贮藏、冰温贮藏对延缓冬枣新陈代谢,保持新鲜度,延长贮藏期的研究现状。探讨了降低冬枣冰点的方法并介绍了其保鲜辅助技术措施。     

自发气调（MA）结合高效乙烯去除剂对黑宝石李贮藏效果的研究

以黑宝石李为试材,研究MA（0．03mm厚PVC保鲜袋包装）结合高效乙烯去除剂对0-1℃条件下黑宝石李果实贮藏效果的影响。结果表明,MA结合高效乙烯去除剂处理的贮藏效果好于单纯MA处理和0．02mm厚PE打孔袋包装处理,贮藏92d时好果率〉90％,果实硬度〉6kg·cm-2,果肉黄绿色,无明显冷害症状,果实失重率〈1．0％,袋内的乙烯浓度〈O．1μL·L-1,O2浓度为9．84％,C02浓度为5．17％,接近黑宝石李标准气调要求的气体指标。     

Model Experiment and Primary Research of Laminated Air Conditioning in the Powerhouse of Three-Gorges Hydropower Station in Summer

In this paper, the model experiment of laminated air conditioning in the powerhouse of Three-Gorges Hydropower Station was introduced. To assure the effect of air conditioning, the influence of different roof temperature, air supply velocity and Ar number on air distribution was analyzed and studied. Some conclusions have been drawn.     

Analyses of Annual Running Conditions for Ventilation System in Residences in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Regions

Based on the definitions of air conditioning period, dehumidifying period and heating period, this paper puts forward the exchanging conditions and psychrometric process of ventilation system in residences. Because of the remarkable humid climate in hot summer and cold winter regions, the ventilation dehumidification becomes a more important part of the air treatment system. In order to improve the indoor thermal environment quality, new strategies must be founded to control both temperature and humidity of ventilation system.