PFOA对土壤酶活性的影响

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a popular additive of the chemical industry; its effect on activities of important soil enzymes is not well understood. A laboratory incubation experiment was carried out to analyze the PFOA-induced changes in soil urease, catalase, and phosphatase activities. During the entire incubation period, the activities of the three soil enzymes generally declined with increasing PFOA concentration, following certain dose-response relationships. The values of EC 10 , the contaminant concentration at which the biological activity is inhibited by 10%, of PFOA for the soil enzyme activity calculated from the modeling equation of the respective dose-response curve suggested a sensitivity order of phosphatase > catalase > urease. The effect of PFOA on soil enzyme activities provided a basic understanding of the eco-toxicological effect of PFOA in the environment. Results of this study supported using soil phosphatase as a convenient biomarker for ecological risk assessment of PFOA-polluted soils.     

铅对两个红壤中酶活性的影响

Enzyme activities have the potential to indicate biological functioning of soils. In this study, soil urease, dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase and invertase activities and fluorescein diacetate（FDA） hydrolysis were measured in two red soils spiked with Pb^2＋ ranging from 0 to 2 400 mg kg^-1 to relate the enzyme activity values to both plant growth and the levels of available and total Pb^2＋ concentrations in soils, and to examine the potential use of soil enzymes to assess the degrees of Pb contamination. Soil samples were taken for enzyme activities assaying during 3 month’s incubation and then after planting of celery（Apium graveolens L.） and Chinese cabbage（Brassica chinensis L.）. Enzyme activities in the red soil derived from arenaceous rock（RAR） were generally lower than those in the red soil developed on Quaternary red earths（REQ）. At high Pb^2＋ loadings, in both incubation and greenhouse studies, urease activity and FDA hydrolysis were significantly inhibited. But there were no significant relationships between soil dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase or invertase activity and soil Pb^2＋ loadings in both RAR and REQ soils. The growth of celery and Chinese cabbage increased soil urease activity and FDA hydrolysis, but had minimal effect on dehydrogenase and invertase activities. There were positive correlations between celery biomass and soil urease activity and FDA hydrolysis. These results demonstrate that urease activity and FDA hydrolysis are more sensitive to Pb^2＋ than acid phosphatase, dehydrogenase and invertase activities in the RAR and REQ soils.     

Cl-对土壤中肥料氮、微生物数量和酶活性的影响

Pot experiments were conducted to study the effect of Cl^- on transformation of fertilizer N,number of microorganisms and enzyme activities in soils.It is indicated that Cl^- did not show significant influence on total number of bacteria,actinomyces and fungi,but significantly reduced the number of nitrosolbacteria, which led to decrease of NO3^- content in the soil.Application of Cl^- to soil could significantly enhance the adtivities of phosphatase and urease in the coastal saline soil and orthic aquisols,In hilly red soil,however,the application of Cl^-1 at the rate of 500-1000mg Cl^- kg^-1 soil significantly decreased the activity of the two enzymes mentioned above.     

黄土高原半干旱地区撂荒地次生植被演替过程中土壤微生物活性研究

To show the vegetation succession interaction with soil properties, microbial biomass, basal respiration, and enzyme activities in different soil layers (0--60 cm) were determined in six lands, i.e., 2-, 7-, 11-, 20-, 43-year-old abandoned lands and one native grassland, in a semiarid hilly area of the Loess Plateau. The results indicated that the successional time and soil depths affected soil microbiological parameters significantly. In 20-cm soil layer, microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), MBC/MBN, MBC to soil organic carbon ratio (MBC/SOC), and soil basal respiration tended to increase with successional stages but decrease with soil depths. In contrast, metabolic quotient (qCO2) tended to decrease with successional stages but increase with soil depths. In addition, the activities of urease, catalase, neutral phosphatase, β-fructofuranosidase, and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) enzyme increased with successional stages and soil depths. They were significantly positively correlated with microbial biomass and SOC (P < 0.05), whereas no obvious trend was observed for the polyphenoloxidase activity. The results indicated that natural vegetation succession could improve soil quality and promote ecosystem restoration, but it needed a long time under local climate conditions.     

湿地土壤质量退化的模糊综合评价

Due to frequent soil Cd contamination and wide use of butachlor in China,there is a need to assess their combined toxicity to soil microorganisms.The combined effects of cadmium (Cd,10 mg kg^-1 soil) and herbicide butachlor (10,50,and 100 mg kg^-1 soil) on enzyme activities and microbial community structure in a paddy soil were assessed using the traditional enzyme assays and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis.The results showed that urease and phosphatase activities were significantly reduced by high butachlor concentration (100 mg kg^-1 soil).When the concentrations of Cd and butachlor added were at a ratio of 1:10,urease and phosphatase activities were significantly decreased whereas enzyme activities were greatly improved at the ratio of 1:5,which indicated that the combined effects of Cd and butachlor on soil urease and phosphatase activities depended largely on their addition concentration ratios.Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis showed loss of original bands and appearance of new bands when compared with the control soil.Random amplified polymorphic DNA fingerprints suggested substantial differences between the control and treated soil samples,with apparent changes in the number and size of amplified DNA fragments.The addition of high concentration butachlor and the combined impacts of Cd and butachlor significantly affected the diversity of the microbial community.RAPD analysis in conjunction with other biomarkers such as soil enzyme parameters would prove a powerful ecotoxicological tool.Further investigations should be carried out to understand the clear link between RAPD patterns and enzyme activity.     

淹水厌氧培养对水稻土中酶活性的影响

An incubation experiment with soil water content treatments of 0.15 （W1）, 0.20 （W2）, and 0.40 （W3） g g^-1 soil was carried out for two months to investigate the activities of important enzymes involved in C, N, P, and S cycling in a paddy soil from the Taihu Lake region, China, under waterlogged and aerobic conditions. Compared with air-dried soil, waterlogging resulted in a significant decrease （P ≤ 0.05） of fluorescein diacetate （FDA） and /3-D-glucosidase activities, and this effect was enhanced with increasing waterlogging time. Waterlogging also significantly inhibited （P ≤ 0.05） arylsulfatase as well as alkaline and acid phosphatase activities, but did not decrease the activities with the increase in waterlogging time. Short-term waterlogging did not affect urease activity, but prolonged waterlogging decreased it markedly. In contrast, the aerobic incubation （W1 and W2 treatments） significantly increased （P ≤ 0.05） FDA, alkaline phosphatase, and /3-D-glucosidase activities. With aerobic treatments the activities of FDA and alkaline phosphatase increased with incubation time, whereas /3-D-glucosidase activity decreased. A significant difference （P ≤ 0.05） was usually observed between the W1 and W2 treatments for the activities of FDA as well as alkaline and acid phosphatase; however,/3-D-glucosidase and urease were usually not significant （P ≤ 0.05）. No activity differences were observed between waterlogging and aerobic incubation for arylsulfatase and urease.     

Short-Term Effect of Nitrogen Intensification on Aggregate Size Distribution, Microbial Biomass and Enzyme Activities in a Semi-Arid Soil Under Different Crop Types

There is a lack of quantitative assessments available on the effect of agricultural intensification on soil aggregate distribution and microbial properties. Here, we investigated how short-term nitrogen(N) intensification induced changes in aggregate size distribution and microbial properties in a soil of a hot moist semi-arid region(Bangalore, India). We hypothesised that N intensification would increase the accumulation of macroaggregates 2 mm and soil microbial biomass and activity, and that the specific crop plant sowed would influence the level of this increase. In November 2016, surface(0–10 cm) and subsurface(10–20 cm) soil samples were taken from three N fertilisation treatments, low N(50 kg N ha~(-1)), medium N(75 and 100 kg N ha~(-1) for finger millet and maize, respectively),and high N(100 and 150 kg N ha~(-1) for finger millet and maize, respectively). Distribution of water-stable aggregate concentrations,carbon(C) and N dynamics within aggregate size class, and soil microbial biomass and activity were evaluated. The high-N treatment significantly increased the concentration of large macroaggregates in the subsurface soil of the maize crop treatment, presumably due to an increased C input from root growth. Different N fertilisation levels did not significantly affect C and N concentrations in different aggregate size classes or the bulk soil. High-N applications significantly increased dehydrogenase activity in both the surface soil and the subsurface soil and urease activity in the surface soil, likely because of increased accumulation of enzymes stabilised by soil colloids in dry soils. Dehydrogenase activity was significantly affected by the type of crop, but urease activity not. Overall, our results showed that high N application rates alter large macroaggregates and enzyme activities in surface and subsurface soils through an increased aboveground and corresponding belowground biomass input in the maize crop.     

长期有机无机肥配施对土壤水稳性团聚体酶活性的影响

The activities of invertase, protease, urease, acid phosphomonoesterase, dehydrogenase, and catalase in different fractions of waterstable aggregates (WSA) were examined in long-term (26 years) fertilised soils. The long-term application of organic manure (OM) with chemical fertiliser (CF) significantly increased macroaggregate and decreased microaggregate percentages, enhanced the mean weight diameter, and significantly increased soil total carbon (TC) and total nitrogen (TN) contents of WSA in different size fractions. Combined fertilisation with OM and CF also increased invertase, protease, urease, acid phosphomonoesterase, dehydrogenase, and catalase activities of WSA in different size fractions. Enzyme activities were higher in macroaggregates than in microaggregates. The distribution of enzyme activities generally followed the distribution of TC and TN in WSA. The geometric mean of the enzyme activities in different WSA of OM-treated soils was significantly higher than that in soils treated with 100% CF or no fertiliser. The results indicated that the long-term combined application of OM with CF increased the aggregate stability and enzyme activity of different WSA sizes, and consequently, improved soil physical structure and increased soil microbial activity.     

泥炭土壤上与胞外酶相关的土壤微生物体与Marsh orchid的交互作用

The nature of the interactions between microbes and roots of plants in a peaty soil were studied in a laboratorybased experiment by measuring activities of β-glucosidase, phosphatase, N-acetylglucosaminidase, and arylsulphatase. The experiment was based on control （autoclaved）, bacteria-inoculated, and plant （transplanted with Dactylorhiza） treatments, and samples were collected over 4 sampling intervals. Higher enzyme activities were associated with the bacteria-inoculated treatment, suggesting that soil enzyme activities are mainly of microbial origin. For example,β-glucosidase activity varied between 25-30μmol g^-1 min^-1 in the bacteria-inoculated samples whilst the activity of the control ranged between 4-12 μmol g^-1 min^-1. A similar pattern was found for all other enzymes. At the end of the incubation, the microcosms were destructively sampled and the enzyme activities determined in bulk soil, rhizospheric soil, and on the root surface. Detailed measurement in different fractions of the peat indicated that higher activities were found in rhizosphere. However, the higher activities of β-glucosidase, N-acetylglucosaminidase, and arylsulphatase appeared to be associated with bacterial proliferation on the root surface, whilst a larger proportion of phosphatase appeared to be released from root surface.     

一种新的提高树苗盐容量的移植方法

The influence of quinclorac (3,7-dichloroquinoline-8-carboxylic acid) on enzyme activities in flooded paddy soils was assessed under laboratory conditions. The enzymes differed markedly in their response to quinclorac. Quinclorac inhibited proteinase, hydrogen peroxidase, phosphorylase, and urease activities. The higher the concentration of quinclorac applied, the more significant the inhibition to these observed activities with a longer time required to recover to the level of the control. However, soils supplemented with quinclorac were nonpersistent for proteinase~ phosphorylase and urease as opposed to soils without quinclorac. Dehydrogenase activity was also sensitive to quinclorac. Three soil samples with concentrations of quinclorac higher than 1 μg g^-1 soil declined to less than 20% of that in the control. However, the highest dehydrogenase activity (up to 3.28-fold) was detected in soils with 2 μg g^-1 soil quinclorac on the 25th day after treatment. Quinclorac had a relatively mild effect on saccharase activity at the concentrations used in this experiment and a stimulatory one on soil respiration when added to soil at normal field concentrations. Nonetheless it was inhibited at higher concentrations in paddy soils. Quinclorac is still relatively safe to the soil ecosystem when applied at a normal concentration (0.67 μg g^-1 dried soil) but may have some effects on soil enzymes at higher concentrations.     

Effect of Greenhouse Subsurface Irrigation on Soil Phosphatase Activity

Abstract

In this study, tomato plants were grown in a greenhouse and were subjected to five subsurface irrigation treatments with maximum allowable depletion (MAD) of ?10, ?16, ?25, ?40, and ?63 kPa in soil water potentials, respectively. The long‐term effect of subsurface irrigation schedules on soil neutral phosphatase activities at five soil depths (0–10, 10–20, 20–30, 30–40, and 40–60 cm) were investigated in 2004. Results showed that subsurface irrigation could enhance soil neutral phosphatase activity in the treatment with higher irrigation maximum allowable depletion. Neutral phosphatase acitivties were higher at topsoil than subsoil, with heightened phosphatase activities at the depth of 10–20 cm in the soil profile in subsurface irrigation. Neutral phosphatase activity presented significantly positive liner relationships with available phosphorus (P) and contributed to the increase of available P in soil. Phosphatase activity could be an effective indicator to assess the plant‐available P under greenhouse subsurface irrigation. Irrigation management could be applied to adjust phosphatase activity and maximum allowable depletion of ?10 to ?16 kPa is an advisable subsurface irrigation schedule to heighten phosphatase activity, thereby contributing to higher P availability in soil.     

Soil‐phosphorus distribution and availability as affected by greenhouse subsurface irrigation

Vertical distribution and plant availability of soil P under subsurface irrigation were investigated in a 5‐year tomato‐grown‐greenhouse experiment. Irrigation was applied when soil water condition reached the predefined maximum allowable depletion (MAD) for different treatments, e.g., –10 kPa, –16 kPa, –25 kPa, –40 kPa, and –63 kPa. Results show that P distribution with soil depth was significantly affected by irrigation schedules. The general trend is that concentrations of soil total P and inorganic P were greater in topsoil than in subsoil, whereas the concentrations of soil organic P were larger at the depths of 0–10 cm, 30–40 cm, and 40–60 cm than at other soil depths. Comparison of different irrigation schedules indicates that more soil organic P was retained in the soils under the MAD of –25 kPa, –40 kPa, and –63 kPa, implying that irrigation of relatively low frequency and large water quantity of each irrigation event favored the accumulation of organic P in soils. In addition, we found that the concentrations of plant‐available P decreased with soil depth and were largest under the MAD of –16 kPa and –25 kPa. This result suggests that irrigation of relatively high frequency and low water quantity of each irrigation event led to greater P availability for plant uptake. Overall, this study suggests that the transformation and plant availability of soil P can be manipulated, to some degree, by soil‐water management. Maximum allowable depletion controlled between –16 kPa and –25 kPa could result in high availability of soil P in clay‐textured soils.     

覆膜滴灌对地下水浅埋区重度盐碱地土壤酶活性的影响

为了解地下水浅埋区重度盐碱地覆膜滴灌对土壤酶活性的影响,测定了重度盐碱地在滴灌利用过程中距离滴头不同水平位置（0～30 cm）和垂直深度（0～40 cm）的土壤碱性磷酸酶、脲酶和蔗糖酶活性,并对土壤酶活性的变化、空间分布特征及与土壤环境因子之间的相关关系进行分析。结果表明,覆膜滴灌促进了土壤酶活性的提高;水平与垂直方向滴头附近3种酶均易受覆膜滴灌作用影响,灌溉期间酶活性的增长与停灌期间酶活性降低均高于其他位置;土壤酶活性自滴头向四周径向减小,等值线呈椭圆形分布;相关分析表明盐碱土壤在覆膜滴灌种植2 a后,土壤酶活性与环境因子、土壤酶活性之间的相关性均得到提高。因此,将覆膜滴灌技术应用于盐碱地开发利用可以提高土壤酶活性,改善土壤环境,为作物根系提供良好的生长条件。     

Soil Inorganic Phosphorus Fractionation and Availability under Greenhouse Subsurface Irrigation

Inorganic phosphorus (P) fractions and their availability under subsurface irrigation were investigated in a greenhouse planted for 5 years with tomato. Irrigation was applied when soil water conditions reached the predefined maximum allowable depletion (MAD) for different treatments, e.g., ?10 kPa, ?16 kPa, ?25 kPa, ?40 kPa, and ?63 kPa. Concentrations of five inorganic P fractions, which include of soluble / loosely bound P, aluminum (Al) P, iron (Fe) P, calcium (Ca) P, and occluded P, were obtained by following a sequential chemical fractionation procedure. Results showed that the effect of subsurface irrigation and schedules on inorganic P fractions was more pronounced in topsoil layers than in deep soils. The concentrations of soluble / loosely bound P, Al P, and Fe P generally decreased with soil depth, having the largest values at the depths of 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm. In all the irrigation treatments, Al P and Fe P were the dominant fractions at the depths of 0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, and 20–30 cm, whereas Ca P and occluded P were most predominant at the depths of 30–40 cm and 40–60 cm. Soluble or loosely bound P, Al P, and Fe P were the main sources contributing to plant-available P, whereas Fe P and Al P were the two most important sources for contribution to plant-available P. Frequent irrigation with small amounts of water (e.g., irrigation with MAD of ?16 kPa and ?25 kPa) yielded larger concentrations of soluble / loosely bound P, Al P, and Fe P, which are the main sources of plant-available P. However, infrequent irrigation with larger amounts of water in each irrigation event led to greater concentrations of Ca P and occluded P, which are relatively less available to plants.     

连续负压供水对辣椒种植土壤速效养分及酶活性的影响

为探索负压供水对辣椒土壤速效养分和土壤生物活性的影响,在温室大棚内采用盆栽试验,试验利用负压供水装置,设置-5、-10、-15 k Pa以及人工浇水(CK)4个处理,测定了辣椒各生育期土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量,以及土壤过氧化氢酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶和磷酸酶活性指标。结果表明,试验中供水压力控制在-5~-15 k Pa时,辣椒各生育期土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量,4种土壤酶活性均显著高于CK,其中,-5k Pa处理对土壤养分及酶活性的提高显著。土壤速效养分含量与酶活性相关分析表明,在负压供水条件下,土壤4种酶活性之间,土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量之间,土壤酶与土壤速效养分之间均呈极显著正相关;主成分分析表明,第一主成分对土壤养分供应能力的贡献大,第二主成分反映出过氧化氢酶及蔗糖酶不断分解减少时,有效磷及速效钾权重减少。综上所述,采用负压供水方式,能促进土壤酶活性提高,有利于辣椒土壤养分的转化,当供水压力稳定在-5 k Pa时,提高辣椒土壤养分效果更为显著。     

黄土高原种植不同人工牧草对土壤酶活性的影响

[目的]研究黄土高原人工种植牧草土壤酶活性的变化,为提高黄土高原人工植被的稳定性和土壤肥力提升等相关研究提供科学依据。[方法]以种植3 a的冷地早熟禾、垂穗披碱草、猫尾草、陆地中间偃麦草、紫花苜蓿、沙打旺、红豆草等牧草地为研究对象。分别在3,6,9,12月的0—5 cm和5—10 cm土层取土壤样品,测定的脲酶、蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶的活性变化。[结果]脲酶、蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶的活性在0—5 cm土层显著高于5—10 cm土层,但土壤过氧化氢酶活性在这两个土层之间差异不显著。在6月土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶和碱性磷酸酶的活性高于3月、9月和12月,但过氧化氢酶的活性差异不显著。7种人工种植的牧草中紫花苜蓿的土壤酶活性表现较高,而种植沙打旺的土壤酶活性较低。土层深度和季节的交互作用对4种土壤酶活性产生极显著影响(p0.01),牧草品种和季节对脲酶、蔗糖酶和碱性磷酸酶活性的具有显著的交互作用。[结论]黄土高原人工牧草地土壤酶活性呈现季节性变化,且种植人工牧草能够有效提高土壤酶活性而改善土壤肥力条件。     

不同灌溉方式对茄子栽培土壤微生物数量和土壤酶活性的影响

试验以"紫光"茄子为试材,设膜下滴灌和常规畦灌两个处理,研究不同灌溉方式对设施茄子栽培土壤微生物和酶以及茄子产量和品质的影响。结果表明,滴灌能显著提高土壤中细菌和放线菌的数量,较畦灌分别高45.25%和79.48%;显著增大B/F值,使土壤向病害发生轻的"细菌型"土壤转化。滴灌能显著提高蔗糖酶和碱性磷酸酶活性,较畦灌分别高47.05%和24.00%;滴灌处理0~40 cm土层土壤脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性显著比畦灌高,增幅分别为49.33%~64.38%和16.69%~30.08%。滴灌能显著提高茄子收获前期产量,改善果实品质,果实的可溶性糖和Vc含量分别较畦灌处理提高5.81%和4.75%。因此,膜下滴灌是有效改善土壤环境、提高茄子产量和品质的灌溉方式。     

渗灌不同灌水控制上下限组合对保护地土壤脲酶活性的影响

以不同灌水控制上限(土壤水吸力6 kPa、9 kPa、12 kPa)和下限(土壤水吸力30 kPa、45 kPa、60k Pa)组合为试验处理,进行保护地番茄栽培渗灌灌水效果试验;试验于灌水处理后的第30 d采集土样,以各处理0～10 cm、10～20 cm、20～30 cm土层土壤为样本,测定土壤脲酶活性、铵态氮含量等指标,探讨灌水控制上限、下限对土壤脲酶活性的影响,分析脲酶活性与土壤含水量、铵态氮含量之间关系。结果表明:不同灌水控制上限、下限,即水分条件可显著影响土壤脲酶活性,三个深度层次土壤脲酶活性均以灌水控制上限12 kPa、下限60 kPa组合为最高;0～10 cm土层土壤脲酶活性与铵态氮含量呈显著的指数正相关关系1,0～20 cm、20～30 cm土层土壤脲酶活性与铵态氮含量间虽然也表现出了一定的正相关关系,但未达到5%显著水平。因此,降低灌水时土壤含水量和适量减少单次灌水量,有利于提高土壤脲酶活性,进而改善土壤氮素形态转化状况和对植物的氮素营养供应。     

不同施肥措施对春玉米农田土壤酶活性的影响

为研究肥料配比对春玉米农田土壤酶活性的影响,连续4年采用田间定位种植春玉米,分析各生育期各土层酶活性,利用聚类分析和主成分分析揭示酶活性的动态变化差异。结果表明,各种施肥措施显著增加蔗糖酶、脲酶和磷酸酶活性,主要影响10~20 cm土层酶活性。施用有机肥土壤酶活性最大值出现在散粉期,施用无机肥土壤酶活性最大值出现在大喇叭口期。随着土层深度的增加,蔗糖酶、脲酶、磷酸酶活性呈下降趋势;过氧化氢酶活性10~20 cm土层最低。配合施肥中增施氮肥降低过氧化氢酶活性,增加蔗糖酶、脲酶活性;增施磷肥增加脲酶、磷酸酶活性;增施有机肥增加过氧化氢酶活性,降低蔗糖酶、脲酶活性。单施氮肥降低土壤脲酶和磷酸酶活性。有机无机肥配施能够延长春玉米生育期土壤酶活性的高值期。土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶和磷酸酶活性分别受全钾、全氮、有机质和全氮、全磷和有机质含量的影响,施肥通过改变土壤元素含量及供给能力影响土壤酶活性。     

猪场废水灌溉对潮土酶活性的影响

通过天津杨柳青镇田间小区试验,研究了猪场废水原水、厌氧出水和仿生态塘与地下水稀释（1：5）灌溉以及厌氧出水高、中、低定额灌溉对潮土0～20cm和20～40cm土层的土壤脲酶、转化酶和过氧化氢酶活性及土壤有机碳和全氮的影响。结果表明,猪场废水灌溉显著增加土壤有机碳和全氮含量;中量厌氧水灌溉增强土壤脲酶、转化酶和过氧化氢酶活性,过高或过低量厌氧水灌溉降低土壤酶活性;原水、厌氧出水和仿生态塘水稀释灌溉对土壤酶活性也有显著影响;与对照（正常施肥和灌溉）相比,仿生态塘水稀释灌溉促进土壤脲酶活性;所有的稀释灌溉处理对土壤转化酶和过氧化氢酶活性均有抑制趋势,但其中仿生态塘水稀释灌溉处理的降幅较小。建议适宜的猪场养殖废水厌氧出水灌水定额为500m^3·hm^-2,适宜的稀释灌溉处理为仿生态塘水与地下水1：5的稀释比例。