两株H1N1亚型猪流感病毒HA蛋白中和性单克隆抗体的制备及抗病毒活性研究

为了制备抗欧亚类禽型(Eurasian avian-like,EA)H1N1猪流感病毒(SIV)血凝素(HA)蛋白的单克隆抗体(MAb)并对其生物学活性进行检测,利用SIV A/swine/Henan/11/2005(HN11)增殖、纯化的全病毒蛋白作为免疫原,免疫BALB/c小鼠,取免疫小鼠的脾细胞与骨髓瘤细胞(SP2/0)融合,采用间接ELISA和HI检测方法进行筛选。结果获得了两株能稳定分泌抗HA蛋白MAb的杂交瘤细胞株,分别命名为2B6和4C7;两株MAbs的腹水ELISA和HI效价均分别高于1∶107和5log2;两株MAbs能够在IFA试验中与病毒HA蛋白发生反应,而在Western blot试验中不能检测到病毒HA蛋白;病毒中和试验结果显示这两株MAbs对EA H1N1SIV具有病毒中和活性;MAbs的抗病毒活性又进一步通过小鼠的感染试验进行了评估,结果表明接种了MAbs的小鼠获得了有效抵抗同源及异源H1N1SIV感染的保护效果。研究证实制备的两株MAbs具有较高的病毒中和活性和较强的抗病毒感染能力,可以将其进一步应用于抗EA H1N1SIV的感染及开展病毒抗原性变异的分子基础研究。     

猫杯状病毒VP1蛋白单克隆抗体的制备及其抗原表位的鉴定

为制备抗猫杯状病毒(FCV)衣壳蛋白VP1的单克隆抗体(MAb)及鉴定其表位,本研究以原核表达的重组VP1-E蛋白(aa427~aa524)免疫BALB/c小鼠,取其脾细胞与骨髓瘤细胞(SP2/0)进行融合制备杂交瘤细胞;以纯化的FCV-2280病毒粒子作为检测抗原,采用间接ELISA检测方法筛选杂交瘤细胞株,分析杂交瘤细胞所分泌的抗体亚型、中和活性及所识别的抗原表位等。结果表明,获得两株稳定分泌抗FCV VP1-E MAbs的杂交瘤细胞E2F1和E2F6,抗体均为IgG1亚型,轻链为κ链。杂交瘤细胞分泌的抗体无中和活性。Western blot结果显示,两种抗体可以特异性识别FCV-2280,表明其针对的抗原表位为线性表位。两株MAb识别VP1-E序列均为~(467)YICGSLQRAWG~(477)。生物信息学分析显示该抗原表位在FCV VP1蛋白中相对保守。该MAb为建立特异性强、灵敏度高的FCV的检测方法奠定基础。     

交叉中和血清1型和血清3型鸭甲肝病毒单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

鸭甲型肝炎（duck hepatitis A,DHA）是危害养鸭业的主要疾病之一,是一种雏鸭的急性、高度致死性传染病。本研究旨在研制一种对我国流行的鸭甲型肝炎血清1型（DHAV-1）和血清3型（DHAV-3）病毒具有交叉中和作用的单克隆抗体（monoclonal antibody,McAb）。人工合成12条DHAV-1和DHAV-3的VP1蛋白共有的抗原表位肽,分别与钥孔血蓝蛋白（keyhole limpet hemocyanin,KLH）载体偶联作为免疫抗原,免疫BALB/c小鼠制备McAb。通过检测McAb与DHAV-1和DHAV-3的交叉反应性,测定McAb对病毒增殖的抑制效率、中和效价以及攻毒保护率等来筛选McAb。本研究共获得了12株稳定分泌McAb的杂交瘤细胞株,其中6株（C1、C4、C7、C12、C13、C16）分泌的McAb同时与DHAV-1和DHAV-3发生特异性交叉反应; C1、C4、C7、C16可以抑制DHAV-1和DHAV-3在鸭胚中的增殖,抑制率在75.34%～100.00%不等;对DHAV-1和DHAV-3的中和效价：C1（1：3&1：5）、C4（1：3&1：3）、C7（1：10&1：11）和C16（1：9&1：9）;C7和C16对DHAV-1和DHAV-3攻毒雏鸭的保护率较高,分别为“70%、80%”和“100%、60%”。本研究成功研制出对DHAV-1和DHAV-3具有交叉中和活性的McAb 4株,其中2株对病毒的感染具有良好的预防效果,为DHA的防控提供了新材料和新思路。     

犬细小病毒基因疫苗单克隆抗体的制备

为获得可用于犬细小病毒(CPV)感染的治疗和快速诊断的单克隆抗体,从病料中分离了1株犬细小病毒,经PCR扩增VP1全基因并进行序列分析,确定为CPV-2 a型。再将VP1基因克隆到真核表达质粒pc DNA3中,构建了基因疫苗pc DNA3-VP1。用该基因疫苗免疫BALB/c小鼠3次后,取抗体效价高的两只小鼠脾细胞与SP2/0细胞融合,经间接ELISA检测,结果获得了3株杂交瘤细胞株,该3株单抗与犬、猫细小病毒能发生反应,均不与犬瘟热病毒、流感病毒和犬腺病毒发生反应,诱生的腹水可体外中和犬细小病毒,其中两株单抗的中和效价为1∶256,1株单抗腹水的中和效价低于1∶128。结果表明,该CPV VP1基因疫苗可制备具有一定中和效价的CPV单克隆抗体。     

虎源猫瘟热病毒VP2蛋白特异性单克隆抗体的制备

以原核表达的虎源猫瘟热病毒(FPV)VP2蛋白作为免疫抗原,免疫6周龄BALB/c小鼠,用FPV全病毒作为筛选抗原,采用淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术,经过有限稀释法获得了1株可稳定分泌抗虎源FPVVP2蛋白的杂交瘤细胞株3C4。间接ELISA方法测定3C4株单抗腹水效价为1∶12800,亚类鉴定为IgG2a类型,间接免疫荧光试验显示该株单抗能与虎源FPV发生反应,而免疫印迹试验该株单抗未见特异性反应带。     

非洲猪瘟病毒p62蛋白单克隆抗体的制备及初步应用

为制备非洲猪瘟病毒（ASFV）p62蛋白的特异性单克隆抗体,并初步应用于感染组织样品中ASFV抗原的免疫组化（IHC）检测,本研究以杆状病毒表达的非洲猪瘟病毒重组p62蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,取其脾细胞与骨髓瘤细胞进行融合获得杂交瘤细胞。结果显示：基于纯化的p62蛋白建立的间接ELISA方法对杂交瘤细胞进行筛选和亚克隆,获得了18株可稳定分泌抗非洲猪瘟病毒p62蛋白单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株。经IFA检测,制备的单克隆抗体均与非洲猪瘟病毒反应,且不与猪瘟病毒、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒、猪伪狂犬病病毒、猪圆环病毒2型等猪源常见病毒反应,特异性良好。抗体识别蛋白的鉴定结果显示,3株MAbs识别p35蛋白,15株MAbs识别p15蛋白。14株MAbs重链亚类为IgG1型,4株MAbs重链亚类为IgG2a,轻链均为κ链。利用18株MAbs对ASFV感染猪的肺、扁桃体、淋巴结等组织进行IHC检测,结果显示5株MAbs均能够与感染ASFV的组织发生特异性的免疫反应。本研究获得的非洲猪瘟病毒p62蛋白单克隆抗体可为非洲猪瘟病毒免疫学检测方法的建立及p62蛋白的结构功能等基础研究提供重要的生物材料。     

鸭甲型肝炎病毒1型抗体CLEIA检测方法的建立

为建立一种快速检测鸭甲肝病毒1型(DHAV-1)抗体的化学发光酶联免疫分析方法(CLEIA),本研究从DHAV-1中国流行株中扩增获得病毒结构蛋白VP1编码基因,构建重组原核表达质粒pET-32a-VP1,并进行重组蛋白的诱导表达。将纯化后的重组VP1蛋白作为检测抗原建立了CLEIA检测方法。结果显示,利用建立的CLEIA方法对AIV、AMPV、DPV、ARV、MPV、RAV等病毒血清进行检测,均无交叉反应,特异性强;灵敏度高于ELISA方法;重复性试验变异系数为2.18%~4.33%,具有较好的重复性;且与中和试验的阳性符合率和阴性符合率分别为100%和80%。本研究建立的CLEIA方法可以用于DHAV-1感染监测及疫苗接种后的免疫评价。     

表达1型和3型鸭甲型肝炎病毒VP1基因重组新城疫病毒的构建及其免疫原性

为进一步研发安全有效的鸭甲型肝炎病毒(DHAV)多价疫苗,本研究以新城疫病毒(NDV)LaSota弱毒疫苗株为载体,构建出共表达DHAV-1和-3型VP1基因的重组病毒rLS-1VP1-2A-3VP1,并对其毒力、生物学特性进行鉴定。通过间接免疫荧光试验(IFA)验证DHAV-1和-3型VP1蛋白在细胞内能够有效表达。利用Western blot进一步验证重组病毒产生的中和抗体能和DHAV-1和DHAV-3VP1表达蛋白发生较强的反应。重组病毒rLS-1VP1-2A-3VP1保持了原重组疫苗株rLS-RFP对鸡胚的高滴度生长适应和低致病的特性。将重组病毒rLS-1VP1-2A-3VP1免疫种鸭1次,通过中和试验检测该重组病毒能够在鸭体内产生针对DHAV-1和DHAV-3的中和抗体,平均效价分别为1∶18.17和1∶16.60。本研究结果表明重组病毒rLS-1VP1-2A-3VP1具有作为鸭肝炎重组病毒活载体疫苗用于种鸭的潜力。     

猪脑心肌炎病毒VP2蛋白单克隆抗体的制备及其识别表位分析

为获得针对猪源EMCV结构蛋白VP2的特异性单克隆抗体,本试验以EMCV结构蛋白VP2为对象,将EMCVBJC3株VP2基因定向插入穿梭质粒中,构建重组腺病毒AdV—VP2,免疫BALB／c小鼠制备单克隆抗体,利用Pepscan技术对单抗识别的抗原位点进行分析。结果显示,间接ELISA及间接免疫荧光法筛选获得了2个阳性细胞克隆株,命名为C11和G8。经检测杂交瘤细胞培养上清抗体效价为1：1600,腹水效价分别为1：2．56×106和1：1.28×106,中和试验鉴定均无中和活性。Western—blot鉴定表明获得的2株单抗均能识别原核表达的重组VP2蛋白。亚类鉴定结果显示2株单抗均为IgG2b亚类,轻链均为κ型。Pepscan分析结果显示,这2株单抗可分别识别EMCVVP2蛋白上的2个B细胞线性表位。本研究获得的蛋白十分接近于其天然构象,很大程度上保证了病毒表面抗原位点的结构和功能。     

大豆凝集素单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

为获得分泌抗大豆凝集素(SBA)单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞,以纯化的SBA为抗原,免疫BALB/c小鼠,加强免疫3 d后取小鼠脾细胞与骨髓瘤细胞(SP2/0)融合,应用有限稀释法和间接ELISA 方法克隆筛选出2株分泌抗SBA单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞系A7、F12。细胞上清抗体效价均在1∶2×10³以上,腹水抗体效价均为1∶1×10⁶,单抗亚型鉴定结果均为IgG2b型,分子质量为189.6 ku,亲和常数为7.1×10⁷ mol/L,Western blotting结果表明,2株单抗具有较高的特异性。该McAb的制备为建立SBA定量检测方法奠定了基础。     

Development and Identification of Monoclonal Antibodies against VP1 Protein of DHAV-1a

To prepare the monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against DHAV-1a, hybridomas were produced by fusing SP2/0 cells with spleen cells from mouse immunized with DHAV-1a pGEX-VP1 recombinant protein. Two hybridomas stablely secreting MAbs against VP1 protein were identified by indirect ELISA detection with DHAV-1a as coating antigen. The ascetic fluids of MAbs were 1:3.2×10⁴ and 1:2.0×10⁶, respectively. The MAbs were IgG1 with κ chain. Western blotting analysis showed that the MAbs could recognize the recombinant VP1 protein and DHAV-1a. The neutralization tests showed that one MAb (5G3) had better neutralization activity. Therefore, the results showed that the ELISA titers and specialities of two MAbs were very good, with excellent stability. In addition, they all had cross interaction with DHAV-1 and DHAV-1a, one of which had good neutralization activity.     

牛支原体HB0801株VspX蛋白单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

为获得牛支原体（Mycoplasma bovis,M.bovis）VspX蛋白单克隆抗体,将编码该蛋白的基因克隆、表达并纯化,作为免疫原,以QuickAntibody-Mouse 5W为免疫佐剂,免疫BALB/c小鼠。经3次免疫后,将小鼠脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞融合,经3次亚克隆筛选后,共获得5株能稳定分泌抗VspX蛋白抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,分别命名为1A8、3A3、3C12、3H9及4D11。亚型鉴定表明,3C12重链为IgG2b,其余4株为IgG1,轻链均为κ链。间接ELISA结果表明,5株细胞培养上清的抗体效价在1：1×10⁴~1：2×10⁵,腹水效价在1：1×10⁵~1：8×10⁵。选其中两株杂交瘤细胞株3H9和4D11的腹水纯化,进行亲和力测定,解离常数分别为6.3×10⁹和7.8×10⁹,属高亲和力抗体。Western blotting结果显示,5株单抗均能与牛支原体发生特异性反应,而单抗4D11与羊无乳支原体标准株PG2和丝状支原体丝状亚种标准株PG3均不反应。流式细胞术结果表明,单抗4D11与牛支原体表面的VspX的结合呈剂量依赖性。间接免疫荧光结果表明,单抗4D11可以识别黏附到胚胎牛肺细胞上的重组VspX蛋白。本试验成功制备的单克隆抗体为VspX蛋白功能的研究奠定基础。     

Preparation and Identification of the Monoclonal Antibodies against VspX Protein in Mycoplasma bovis strain HB0801

To obtain the monoclonal antibody (McAb) against VspX protein of Mycoplasma bovis (M. bovis),VspX gene was amplified, expressed and purified. Then, BALB/c mice were immunized subcutaneously three times with the purified recombinant VspX (rVspX) mixed with QuickAntibody-Mouse 5W adjuvant. Three days after the last injection, spleen cells were collected aseptically, and fused with SP2/0 myeloma cells in the presence of polyethylene glycol. By the clone selection, five stable hybridomas against VspX protein were obtained, separately named as 1A8, 3A3, 3C12, 3H9 and 4D11. Antibody titers in cell supernatant were from 1:1×10⁴ to 1:2×10⁵, while from 1:1×10⁵ to 1:8×10⁵ in ascites of mice by indirect ELISA. The subtypes were determined to be IgG1 and IgG2b class, and all light chains were κ chain. The affinity constant of McAb 3H9 and 4D11 were 6.3×10⁹ and 7.8×10⁹, respectively, and they belonged to high-affinity antibodies. Western blotting results showed that all of five McAbs could specifically react with M.bovis, however, McAb 4D11 could not react with Mycoplasma arginini PG2 and Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. PG3. Flow cytometry showed that McAb 4D11 reacted with surface VspX of M. bovis in a dose-dependent manner. Indirect immunofluorescence assay demonstrated that 4D11 McAb was able to detect rVspX protein binding to embryonic bovine lung cells. In the present study, McAbs against rVspX protein had been successfully prepared, which provided a basis for future researches about the function of VspX protein and the pathogenesis of M. bovis.     

鸡传染性贫血病毒VP3蛋白的原核表达及其单克隆抗体的研制

本研究首先利用同源重组一步克隆法将鸡传染性贫血病病毒(CIAV)的VP3基因克隆到pGEX-6P-1原核表达载体上,经IPTG诱导及SDS-PAGE分析成功获得了重组蛋白rGST-VP3的表达.随即以纯化的重组蛋白rGST-VP3免疫Balb/c小鼠,通过脾细胞与SP2/0细胞融合以及间接免疫荧光(IFA)筛选,获得2株稳定分泌CIAV-VP3抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,分别命名为CIAV-VP3-4D7和CIAV-VP3-4G8;亚型鉴定表明,CIAV-VP3-4D7和CIAV-VP3-4G8均为IgG1;效价测定发现,CIAV-VP3-4D7和CIAV-VP3-4G8的腹水间接免疫荧光效价分别为1:102400与1:12800;Western blot进一步证实,CIAV-VP3-4D7和CIAV-VP3-4G8均能识别重组蛋白rGST-VP3.本研究结果为后期研究VP3蛋白在CIAV致病中作用及其诱导凋亡分子机制奠定了坚实的物质基础.     

Preparation and Identification of Canine Parvovirus NY Strain VP2 Protein Polyclonal Antibody

This study was aimed to prepare canine parvovirus (CPV) VP2 protein polyclonal antibody.The recombinant expression vector pET28a-CPV-VP2 was constructed and transfromed into E.coli BL21 (DE3),the expression of recombinant proteins was induced by IPTG from which the fusion protein was identified by SDS-PAGE.The target protein was purified and emulsify with adjuvant,the prepared immunogen was inoculated into rabbit by subcutaneous injections to prepare of VP2 protein specific polyclonal antibody.The immuno-activity,titers,neutralization titers of the prepared polyclonal antibody were determined by immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA).The results showed that the expressed recombinant protein VP2 (rVP2) existed in the form of inclusion body with a molecular weight of 72 ku.The prepared polyclonal antibody titer was 1 600 dilution,the virus titer was 10⁷ TCID₅₀/mL,the neutralizing titer was 1∶2 884.The antibodies showed specific reaction with CPV.In conclusion,rVP2 specific polyclonal antibody showed wonderful immunocompetence,specificity and neutralizing activity,providing foundation for the development of genetic vaccine and clinical therapeutic method.     

犬细小病毒NY株VP2蛋白多克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

试验旨在制备犬细小病毒（canine parvovirus,CPV）VP2蛋白多克隆抗体。构建pET28a-CPV-VP2重组表达质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）感受态细胞,经IPTG诱导,SDS-PAGE鉴定融合蛋白的表达,纯化目的蛋白与佐剂混合、乳化制备后作为免疫原,免疫家兔制备VP2蛋白多克隆抗体;采用免疫过氧化物酶单层细胞染色法（immunoperoxidase monolayer assay,IPMA）检测抗体的免疫活性、抗体滴度、病毒滴度及中和活性。结果表明,重组VP2蛋白（rVP2）以包涵体形式存在,分子质量约为72 ku;所制备的多克隆抗体滴度为1 600倍,病毒滴度为10⁷ TCID₅₀ /mL,中和效价为1∶2 884,该抗体与体外培养的CPV呈特异性反应,CPV VP2蛋白的多克隆抗体免疫活性和特异性良好,且中和活性高,为CPV基因工程疫苗的研究和临床治疗奠定了基础。     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒S1蛋白抗原表位多肽的预测、鉴定及免疫效果的初步研究

旨在对鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）H120株S1蛋白的B细胞及T细胞可能的表位进行预测并合成相应的多肽,然后免疫小鼠,并分析其免疫效果,以验证候选表位多肽的免疫原性。利用表位预测软件筛选并化学合成针对IBV H120株S1蛋白的5条表位多肽,然后免疫小鼠,通过间接ELISA、中和试验和流式细胞技术检测各表位多肽诱导的特异性抗体、中和抗体和外周血T细胞亚群。ELISA检测结果显示,5条表位多肽均具有良好的反应原性,免疫小鼠的血清效价高低顺序依次为Pep76-106 > Pep240-257 > Pep511-537 > Pep403-421 > Pep135-172;中和试验结果表明,5条多肽免疫小鼠的血清中和滴度均高于空白对照组,其高低顺序依次为Pep240-257=Pep403-421=Pep511-537>Pep76-106=Pep135-172;流式检测结果表明,5条多肽免疫小鼠在CD3⁺、CD4⁺CD8^-、CD8⁺CD4^- T淋巴细胞水平上均极显著高于空白对照组（P<0.01）,CD3⁺T及CD4⁺CD8^-T淋巴细胞数大小顺序依次为Pep403-421 > Pep240-257 > Pep76-106 > Pep511-537 > Pep135-172,CD8⁺CD4^-T淋巴细胞数大小顺序依次为Pep403-421 > Pep76-106 > Pep511-537 > Pep240-257 > Pep135-172。合成的5条表位多肽中,Pep240-257、Pep76-106和Pep403-421可以诱导体液免疫,Pep403-421可以诱导细胞免疫,其中,Pep403-421可以同时诱导细胞免疫及体液免疫。本研究结果为深入了解S1蛋白的免疫学特性以及研发诊断试剂和有效表位疫苗奠定了基础。     

Prediction,Identification and Preliminary Study on Immune Efficacy of S1 Protein Epitope-polypeptides of Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus

For the sake of verifying the immunogenicity of candidate epitope-polypeptide, the B and T cell epitopes of S1 protein of avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) H120 strain were predicted and the corresponding epitope-polypeptides were synthesized, and then were used to immunize mice, the immune effect was analyzed. Five epitope-polypeptides against S1 protein of IBV H120 strain were selected by epitope prediction software and acquired by chemical synthesis, then were immunized to mice. The specific antibodies, neutralizing antibodies and T lymphocyte subsets induced by each epitope-polypeptides were analyzed by indirect ELISA, neutralization test and flow cytometry. The ELISA results showed that the five epitope-polypeptides had good reactivity. The antibody titers of antisera induced by the five epitope-polypeptides sorted from high to low as follows: Pep76-106, Pep240-257, Pep511-537, Pep403-421, Pep135-172. The neutralization test results showed that the neutralization titers of antisera induced by the five epitope-polypeptides groups in mice were higher than that of the blank control group, and the order of neutralization titers was Pep240-257 = Pep403-421 = Pep511-537 > Pep76-106 = Pep135-172. The flow cytometry results showed that the percentages of CD3⁺, CD4⁺CD8^- and CD8⁺CD4^- T lymphocytes in all the five epitope-polypeptides groups were significantly higher (P<0.01) than those in the blank control group. The number of the CD3⁺ and CD4⁺CD8^- T lymphocytes sorted from large to small as follows: Pep403-421, Pep240-257, Pep76-106, Pep511-537 and Pep135-172. The number of the CD8⁺CD4^- T lymphocytes sorted from large to small as follows: Pep403-421, Pep76-106, Pep511-537, Pep240-257 and Pep135-172. In conclusion, Pep240-257, Pep76-106 and Pep403-421 could induce humoral immunity among the five epitope-polypeptides, while Pep403-421 could induce cellular immunity. Thus, peptide of Pep403-421 could induce cellular immunity and humoral immunity. This study laid a foundation for further understanding the immunological characteristics of the S1 protein and the development of diagnostic reagents and effective epitope vaccines.