癣螨净888注射液对犬螨虫真菌性皮肤病疗效观察

目的寻找有效防治犬蠕形螨和真菌混合感染性皮肤病药物。方法选取癣螨净888注射液进行稳定性、安全性和597条病犬临床药效试验,并与传统药物伊维菌素等进行疗效比较。结果4℃避光条件下3年内药效不变,犬按0.1~0.2 mL/kg皮下注射,未见不良反应。临床药效试验表明,888注射液对病犬的治愈率为67.18%,其杀螨抑菌总有效力为93.5%,明显高于伊维菌素组和中药组。结论癣螨净888注射液为防治犬螨虫真菌性皮肤病提供了有效药剂。     

癣螨净888注射液对犬螨虫真菌性皮肤病疗效观察

目的为了有效防治犬蠕形螨和真菌混合感染性皮肤病,研制了癣螨净888注射液。方法通过稳定性、安全性和597条病犬临床药效试验,并与传统药物伊维菌素等进行疗效比较。结果4℃避光条件下三年内药效不变,犬按0.1￣0.2ml/kg皮下注射,未见不良反应。临床药效试验表明,888注射液对病犬的治愈率为67.18%,其杀螨抑菌总有效力为93.5%,明显高于伊维菌素组和中药组。结论癣螨净888注射液为防治犬螨虫真菌性皮肤病提供了有效药剂。     

可卡犬蠕形螨病的诊断与治疗

一例患皮肤病的可卡犬临床症状为全身性皮肤增厚、局灶性脱毛、有异味、犬抓挠、瘙痒、头颈部病损严重、出现鳞屑和红疹。皮肤刮片在显微镜下发现大量蠕形螨虫体,确诊为犬蠕形螨感染。采用1%伊维菌素皮下注射,外用洗必泰洗液,配合使用抗菌香波(法国苏吉华),经20d治疗后病犬基本痊愈,且2个月未见复发。     

米尔贝肟对犬蠕形螨的临床疗效试验

为了研究米尔贝肟对犬蠕形螨的临床疗效,通过对照、平行试验,将15只临床自然感染犬蠕形螨病犬分为5组,每组3只。A组:伊维菌素组(药物对照组):每天单次口服0.5 mg/kg;B至D组为米尔贝肟组(试验组):每天分别单次口服0.5、1.5和2.5 mg/kg(临床推荐剂量的1、3、5倍);E组:犬蠕形螨病组(未用药对照组)。其中,伊维菌素组由0.1 mg/kg开始逐日加到指定剂量并延续。试验持续4个月。结果:米尔贝肟和伊维菌素对犬蠕形螨都有效,临床症状均有缓解。但A组在治疗第3个月出现治愈犬,试验结束时治愈率达67%,B、C和D组在治疗第2个月便有犬治愈,试验结束时B组治愈率为67%,C、D组治愈率100%。在给药期间,犬各项生理指标未见明显变化。本研究为探寻治疗犬蠕形螨提供了更为安全有效的治疗途径,缓解了目前国内治疗犬蠕形螨病药物局限且毒副作用较大的尴尬局面。     

中药提取物体外抑杀犬螨虫试验

为了观察不同中药提取物对犬螨虫的体外抑杀效果,采用中药提取物与离体螨虫成虫直接接触法,比较了苦楝皮、椿皮、蛇床子、小茴香等4种中药蒸馏与醇沉混合提取物,藜芦、白鲜皮、羊蹄根、狼毒等4种中药水提取物体外抑杀作用。结果表明,8种中药提取物体外对犬螨虫均有较好的抑杀作用,以小茴香、羊蹄根、蛇床子3种中药提取物的体外抑杀效果最好,其完全抑杀犬螨虫时间分别为作用后的4、5、6h,而10mg/mL伊维菌素阳性药物对照的完全抑杀时间则为作用后的8h,效果优于伊维菌素。小茴香、羊蹄根、蛇床子提取物作为杀犬螨虫中药制剂具有较好的开发前景。     

一例犬蠕形螨病的诊断与治疗

犬蠕形螨病是由蠕形螨寄生于皮脂腺或毛囊而引起的一种皮肤病,是犬常见的一种体外寄生虫病,主要分为鳞屑型和脓包型两种,其中脓包型危害较大。本人遇到一例柯基犬的病例,主要表现有局部潮红,结痂,伴有皮屑,有脱毛现象。根据皮屑检查可得有多个蠕形螨虫体,结合临床症状及血常规检测可诊断该犬为蠕形螨病。采用伊维菌素配合常规治疗方法对患犬进行了治疗,取得了满意的效果。     

犬类螨虫病的鉴别与诊治

对几种常见的犬类螨虫病的鉴别及诊断方法进行介绍。并提出了采用1%伊维菌素、癣螨净886、宠物香波治疗疥螨病、耳痒螨病以及蠕形螨病等传染性皮肤病的方法,以期为临床有效治疗犬类螨虫病提供参考。     

犬蠕形螨病临床治疗方法比较

犬皮肤病中的犬蠕形螨病一般在早春、晚秋和气温骤变的季节发病,其发病率高,通过临床几种治疗方案的对比结果可知。治疗犬蠕形螨病的较好的治疗方案为注射驱虫药物（选用伊维菌素按每10kg体重1次皮下注射0．2mL）,并结合药浴治疗（选用洁尔阴洗液按1：200稀释）,抗茵消炎（选用头孢唆肪钠、地塞米松混合后肌肉注射）。     

中药“肤螨灭”治疗犬皮肤病体外抑菌试验及临床疗效观察

采用药敏纸片法和试管二倍稀释法对犬蠕形螨皮肤病分离细菌进行体外抑菌试验,观察复方中药制剂肤螨灭、庆大霉素、青霉素等对犬蠕形螨皮肤主要致病菌（中间型葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌）的抑菌效果及肤螨灭的最小抑菌浓度（HIC）。通过肤螨灭对犬蠕形螨皮肤病的临床疗效试验,     

中药"肤螨灭"治疗犬皮肤病体外抑菌试验及临床疗效观察

采用药敏纸片法和试管二倍稀释法对犬蠕形螨皮肤病分离细菌进行体外抑菌试验,观察复方中药制剂肤螨灭、庆大霉素、青霉素等对犬蠕形螨皮肤主要致病菌（中间型葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌）的抑菌效果及肤螨灭的最小抑菌浓度（HIC）。通过肤螨灭对犬蠕形螨皮肤病的临床疗效试验,     

Efficacy of Chinese Herbal Medicine Canine Acariasis Spirit on Demodex canis

In order to screen the Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of Demodex canis, canine acariasis spirit was prepared by Foeniculum vulgare, Fructus cnidii and Bauhinia by water alcohol precipitation and distillation extraction methods. To observe the effect on Demodex canis, canine acariasis spirit was set to high, medium and low concentrations, the content of crude drug were 2.0, 1.0 and 0.5 g/mL, respectively. The experiment of killing Demodex canis was carried out by drop method. On this basis, 12 dogs inoculated with Demodex canis were treated. In order to verify the therapeutic effect, 45 clinically diagnosed dogs with Demodex canis were divided into three groups. The results showed that 3 doses of the traditional Chinese medicine canine acariasis spirit all had strong inhibition effect to kill mites, the high dose group could completely kill Demodex canis only 4 h after treatment, the action of 1% ivermectin control group was 8 h after treatment; 3 weeks later, a large number of new hair grew, rash and skin nodules disappeared, the skin lesion had healed in the affected area of high dose group, in 1% ivermectin treatment group, the dog skin improved, only a small amount of new hair grew, it couldn't cure standard; In the high and middle dose group, the average number of the ratio of skin scraping mites and the recurrence rate after drug withdrawal was 0 in one month later; The average number of mites proportion and recurrence rates of skin scrapings in 1% ivermectin treatment group were 10.63% and 9.17% in one month later; After 3 weeks of treatment, the total average eggs negative rate, cure rate and average cure days were 100.00%, 93.33% and 19.56 d in high dose traditional Chinese medicine canine acariasis spirit and 1% ivermectin combined treatment group, the results were better than the traditional Chinese medicine canine acariasis spirit and 1% ivermectin alone treatment group. The results showed that the effect of the high dose group self-made Chinese medicine canine acariasis spirit on killing Demodex canis in vitro, inoculation of Demodex canis and clinical therapeutic effect of natural infection cases were significantly better than 1% ivermectin control group, canine acariasis spirit as a traditional Chinese medicine preparation would have a good market development prospects.     

Topical (pour-on) ivermectin in the treatment of chronic generalized demodicosis in dogs

Twelve privately owned dogs with chronic generalized demodicosis were treated topically along the dorsal midline with 1.5 mg kg⁻¹ of 0.5% pour-on ivermectin for cattle three times per week for 3–6 months. All 12 dogs had a substantial reduction in clinical signs and in the number of Demodex canis mites found on skin scrapings. Only two dogs, however, became skin-scrapings negative after 3 and 5 months of treatment, respectively. In these two dogs treatment was prolonged for an additional 4 weeks past the negative scrapings. One dog relapsed 2 months after cessation of therapy; the other is still free of symptoms 1.5 years later. The cure rate, based on the lack of recurrence of clinical signs for 12 months after discontinuation of ivermectin administration, was 1 of 12 dogs (8%). Adverse reactions were not seen.     

Infestivity of Demodex canis to hamster skin engrafted onto SCID mice

We demonstrated that Demodex canis was transferred to skin xenografts of a dog and a hamster onto severe combined immunodeficiency mice. After the transfer of mites, the number of eggs, larvae, nymphs and adult mites per gram of canine and hamster xenografts increased, whereas no live mites were detected on murine allograft. These results indicate that D. canis proliferates in hair follicles of dog and hamster skins but not in murine allograft. Therefore, D. canis may have host preference but not strict host-specificity.     

中药小兰杜治疗猪螨虫效果观察

试验研究中药小兰杜对猪螨虫的治疗效果。以患病猪只为试验动物,设实验组和对照组,对照1组涂擦75%酒精,试验2组涂擦3.3%小兰杜酒精浸泡液,实验3组涂擦5%小兰杜酒精浸泡液,实验4组涂擦10%小兰杜酒精浸泡液;对照5组以1%伊维菌素稀释液0.2 mL/kg皮下注射。间隔1 d涂擦一次药物,连续涂擦2周。伊维菌素每7天注射一次。1、7、14 d后观察治疗效果,用低倍显微镜观察螨虫数量,观察并记录病猪临床症状。低剂量组螨虫转阴率在第7天、第14天分别为18.2%、14.1%,中剂量组镜检螨虫转阴率在第7天、第14天分别为38.2%、62.8%,高剂量组临床症状好转迅速,镜检螨虫转阴率在第7天为72.4%,第14天达到100%,临床症状消失,伊维菌素组螨虫转阴率在第7天、第14天分别为60%、84.9%。高剂量为最佳用药剂量,临床症状消失。     

Short form of Demodex species mite in the dog: occurrence and measurements

A form of Demodex species mite shorter in length than Demodex canis was found in six consecutive cases of canine demodicosis. The mean length of the parasite was 122.6 microns (SD 12.0 microns, 39 mites counted), significantly shorter than either male or female forms of D canis (P < 0.0001). The proportion of short to long mites in each case varied from 0.5 to 22 per 100. In young dogs, skin signs associated with the presence of mites were first noted after about seven months, while in the oldest subject the disease became apparent at 10 years of age. This form of mite has now been found in four countries over three continents, the findings suggesting that it is not uncommon and is acquired in puppyhood, although it may be carried unnoticed for many years.     

伊维菌素2种剂型对牦牛皮蝇蛆病的规模防治示范效果观察

为观察伊维菌素浇泼剂、注射剂对牦牛皮蝇蛆病的防治示范效果,选择放牧饲养的牦牛,伊维菌素浇泼剂按0.5mg/kg体重剂量沿背中线浇泼给药,伊维菌素注射剂按0.2mg/kg体重剂量颈部皮下注射给药,同时留未防治的对照群,分别在3、5月份采用触摸法抽样进行防治效果检查。结果:伊维菌素浇泼剂防治示范组牦牛2次检查的皮蝇蛆感染率在1.61%~3.23%之间,平均感染率2.42%,查出瘤疱和皮肤虫孔总数7个,平均感染强度1.75个,感染范围0~2个。2次检查未防治的对照组牦牛皮蝇蛆感染率在33.33%~38.89%之间,平均感染率为36.11%,查出瘤疱和皮肤虫孔总数152个,平均感染强度4.22个,感染范围0~14个。结果表明:伊维菌素浇泼剂防治示范组牦牛皮蝇蛆病治愈率为98.39%,驱虫率99.08%~99.54%,平均驱虫率99.31%;伊维菌素注射剂防治示范组牦牛皮蝇蛆病治愈率在98.39%~100.0%之间,平均治愈率为99.20%,驱虫率98.62%~100.0%,平均驱虫率99.31%。2种剂型的推荐剂量均达到了高效安全,可在高寒牧区牦牛皮蝇蛆病防治中推广应用。     

Large-bodied Demodex mite infestation in 4 dogs

Large-bodied Demodex mites were detected in 4 dogs. The mites were readily detected in material obtained via deep skin scrapings and were most commonly found on the trunk. The mites were distinguishable from D. canis, because adult males were approximately 100% longer and adult females were approximately 50% longer than adult male and female D. canis mites, respectively. The large-bodied mites were found in the hair follicles, sebaceous ducts, and sebaceous glands in histologic sections of skin from 2 dogs. All dogs had adult-onset generalized demodicosis. Two dogs had coexistent iatrogenic hypercortisolism, 1 dog had hypothyroidism, and 1 dog did not have coexistent disease. Infestations responded to miticidal therapy, control of the coexistent disease, or both.     

米尔贝肟对自然感染疥螨病犬的治疗效果

为了评价米尔贝肟对临床自然感染疥螨犬的治疗效果,选用自然感染疥螨犬65例,随机选择5条服用伊维菌素,另外60条随机分为3组,分别服用高剂量(2g/kg体重)、中剂量(1g/kg体重)、低剂量(0.5g/kg体重)的米尔贝肟。给药后2、14、28、42d和56d,刮取皮屑,检查螨虫和虫卵,同时观察临床症状。试验结束时米尔贝肟高剂量组、伊维菌素组的无螨虫犬的比例和螨虫的下降率均为100%,临床症状如红疹、结痂、过度角化等现象均消失,所有动物毛发都开始大范围重生;米尔贝肟中、低剂量组结果稍差。米尔贝肟按2g/kg体重剂量,每周1次,连续用药3周,给药对自然感染疥螨病犬有很好的治疗效果。     

药物治疗犬疥螨病比较试验

为了评估对犬疥螨病的治疗效果,将80只确诊为犬疥螨病的病犬随机分为4组,每组20只.第1组用阿维菌素加杀螨灵治疗；第2组用阿维菌素加双甲脒治疗；第3组用伊维菌素加杀螨灵治疗；第4组用伊维菌素加双甲脒治疗.结果表明,第1组治愈率为85％,第2组治愈率为80％,第3组治愈率为90％,第4组治愈率为95％.结果表明第4组的治...     

Demodex injai infestation and dorsal greasy skin and hair in eight wirehaired fox terrier dogs

Demodex injai mites were detected on trichoscopic examinations and/or deep skin scrapings in eight wirehaired fox terrier dogs with dorsal greasy skin and hair. Histological examination performed in five dogs revealed marked sebaceous gland hyperplasia with lympho-plasmacytic periadnexal dermatitis in all of them. One mite section was observed in one patient. Seven dogs were parasitologically cured after 2 to 7 months of oral ivermectin treatment. Greasy skin and hair resolved in four dogs, was partially reduced in two dogs and persisted in the remaining dog. Skin biopsies were repeated after parasitological cure in two dogs and revealed the persistence of sebaceous gland hyperplasia with mild lympho-plasmacytic periadnexal dermatitis and no parasites. Based on the findings in this case series, the terrier dog breed might be at increased risk for the development of D. injai mite infestation associated with dorsal greasy skin and hair, and microscopically with sebaceous gland hyperplasia. Persistence of sebaceous gland hyperplasia after parasitological cure in some patients suggested that this histological finding may not always be resulting from Demodex infestation. Moreover, low numbers of adult mites and variable clinical responses to acaricidal therapy suggested a contributory rather than a major role of D. injai in this skin condition. Dermatopathological diagnosis of sebaceous gland hyperplasia, particularly in case of dorsal trunk specimens from terrier dog breeds, warrants the search for D. injai mites on trichoscopic examinations and/or deep skin scrapings.