‘菱花湛露’牡丹鳞芽组织培养技术研究

为实现牡丹的工厂化育苗提供理论的依据,建立牡丹品种‘菱花湛露’的组培快繁体系,以‘菱花湛露’的鳞芽为外植体,以MS、改良MS、WPM、改良WPM为基本培养基,添加不同浓度的6-BA、NAA等植物生长调节剂,经试验对比筛选出‘菱花湛露’的最佳增殖培养基为改良WPM+6-BA 1.5 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L+GA3 0.1 mg/L+蔗糖 25 g/L+琼脂6 g/L+AgNO3 10 mg/L,增殖系数可达3.7;生根培养基为1/2改良WPM+IBA 10 mg/L+蔗糖35 g/L+AgNO3 10 mg/L+活性炭（0.1%）时,生根率为47.9%。     

番茄组培再生体系优化研究

对番茄再生体系中无菌苗的苗龄、不定芽诱导培养基和生根培养基的激素配比进行了优化。试验以‘浙杂905’、‘圣亚’和‘富丹’为材料。用番茄的茎段和子叶作为外植体,对外植体的出愈率、诱导率和不定芽生根情况进行差异比较。主要结果如下：选苗龄为4天的番茄幼苗。番茄子叶为外植体的最佳再生培养基配比为MSB5+3%蔗糖+0.6%琼脂+BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L（pH5.8）,‘浙杂905’、‘圣亚’和‘富丹’子叶的出愈率分别为97.00%、91.00%、86.00%,诱导率分别为64.67%、59%、53%。以番茄茎段为外植体的最佳再生培养基配比为MSB5+3%蔗糖+0.6%琼脂+BA 2.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L（pH5.8）,‘浙杂905’、‘圣亚’和‘富丹’茎段的出愈率分别为81.67%、76.00%、82.67%,诱导率分别为41.00%、48.67%、39.67%。不定芽生根培养基为：1/2MS+NAA 0.1 mg/L +IBA 0.5 mg/L。通过试验对比得出,番茄再生体系中选用无菌苗的最佳苗龄、不定芽诱导培养基和生根培养基的配比,子叶的再生能力要显著高于茎段。     

腊花组培快繁体系研究

为探讨最适初代诱导、增殖继代生根的培养基配方,建立腊花的组织培养技术体系,以腊花嫩茎尖为实验材料,采用MS培养基,向培养基中添加不同配比组合的KT和NAA,对腊花进行初代诱导培养;设置6-BA和NAA不同激素浓度组合进行增殖培养;选用1/2MS培养基为腊花生根培养的基础培养基,添加IBA不同浓度配比培养实验。最佳初代诱芽培养基为MS+ KT 3.0 mg/L+ NAA 0.2 mg/L+琼脂6.2 g/L+蔗糖30 g/L,pH 5.8,诱导率达88.8%。最佳增殖培养基为MS+ 6-BA 1.0 mg/L+ NAA 0.1 mg/L+ 琼脂6.2 g/L+蔗糖30 g/L,pH 5.8,增殖系数为3.6。最佳生根培养基为1/2MS+ IBA 0.6 mg/L+琼脂6.2 g/L+蔗糖30 g/L+0.1 g/L活性炭,pH 5.8,生根率100%。     

薄荷叶片离体再生体系的建立

本试验以薄荷试管苗叶片为外植体,研究了激素、光照、褐变抑制剂对不定芽诱导的影响,进而筛选出合适的生根培养基。研究结果表明:薄荷叶片最佳不定芽诱导的培养基为MS+1.4 mg/L TDZ+0.2 mg/L NAA+30 g/L蔗糖+5.5 g/L琼脂,诱导率达27.78%;暗培养20 d后再转接一次,叶片不定芽诱导率提高至64.29%,褐化率低至11.90%;最佳生根培养基为MS+0.1 mg/L NAA+20 g/L蔗糖+5.5 g/L琼脂,生根率达97.50%;再生苗经生根、炼苗后移栽,植株成活率达100%。本试验建立了薄荷叶片离体再生体系,为薄荷无菌苗生产和遗传转化研究提供了技术支撑。     

木本锦带的组培快繁技术研究

以休眠的锦带枝条作为试验材料进行了木本锦带组织培养试验。在分别比较了不同培养基成分对外植体生根及不定芽生成情况的影响后得出试验结论。试验结果表明:丛生芽增殖的适宜培养基是1/2 MS+6-BA 5.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L+蔗糖30 g/L;生根培养基则以1/2 MS+IBA 1.0 mg/L+琼脂8 g/L+蔗糖40 g/L为宜。     

桔梗试管苗再生体系优化研究

桔梗有极高的药用作用和观赏价值.本试验以桔梗试管苗为外植体,通过筛选最适桔梗试管苗叶片愈伤组织诱导、分化、生根激素种类和浓度,对其再生体系进行优化.结果表明,最适的愈伤组织诱导培养基为:MS+4 mg/L 2,4-D+ 30 g/L蔗糖+6.5 g/L琼脂;最适分化培养基为:MS+ 0.5 mg/L6-BA+0.2 mg/L NAA+30 g/L蔗糖+6.5 g/L琼脂;最适生根培养基为:1/2 MS+0.25 mg/L NAA+30 g/L蔗糖+6.5 g/L琼脂.     

红颜草莓叶片再生体系的建立

摘要：以红颜草莓 ( Fragaria ×ananassa Duch ‘Benihoppe’)组培苗为材料进行叶片离体再生研究,建立了一个高效的叶片再生体系。结果表明：暗培养10 d是叶片诱导愈伤组织最适合的暗培养时间。适宜的叶片诱导愈伤培养基为MS+TDZ 2.0mg/L +NAA 0.1mg/L,出愈率95.0%;适宜的愈伤诱导分化培养基为MS+TDZ 1.0mg/L +NAA 0.1mg/L,分化率90.0%;最适宜的生根培养基为1/2 MS,生根率为100%。     

植物生长调节剂对白杜试管苗生长的影响

通过组织培养的方法研究植物生长调节剂对白杜试管苗生长的影响。结果表明:在进行不同浓度植物生长调节剂试验时,以MS为基本培养基,附加BA0.5 mg/L、NAA0.05 mg/L、蔗糖30 g/L、琼脂7 g/L,此时试管苗的增殖效果最佳,培养27 d,有效嫩茎数为3.433;白杜试管苗生根培养基以1/2 MS+NAA1.5 mg/L+蔗糖20 g/L+琼脂7 g/L为好,培养25 d生根率为86%。     

凉都红香椿外植体快繁体系的研究

以贵州凉都红香椿成熟叶片和无菌苗叶片为材料,筛选可用于诱导叶片再生形成植株的愈伤组织诱导和分化的培养基分别为:MS+0.15 mg/L TDZ+0.3 mg/L NAA+1.0mg/L KT+3%蔗糖+7g/L琼脂和MS+0.1mg/L 6-BA+0.5mg/L KT+0.1mg/L NAA+3%蔗糖+7g/L琼脂;同时筛选到以成熟香椿枝条为材料诱导腋芽生长的最适培养基为:MS+0.2mg/L GA3+0.02mg/L+3%蔗糖+7g/L琼脂。另外,研究还确定了香椿成熟叶片和枝条外植体的最佳消毒条件为:75%酒精处理45s,0.1%升汞灭菌6～8min后,用无菌水冲洗4～6次可降低外植体的污染率。     

加拿大紫荆‘森林火焰’组培快繁技术研究

以紫叶加拿大紫荆（Cercis canadensis ‘Forest Pansy’）当年生嫩枝为试验材料,探讨不同培养基和植物生长调节剂如6-BA、IBA、NAA、TDZ对试管苗增殖以及生根的影响。结果表明：最适增殖培养基为DKW+TDZ 0.03 mg/L+PVP 0.5 mg/L;生根培养基为1/2 MS + IBA 25 mg/L+AC 0.6 mg/L。此体系中增殖系数可达4.27,生根率73.3%。     

秦岭百合繁育基地的选择研究

在秦岭的五个地区,对亚洲百合种球繁育表现进行了试验比较研究。对不同地区的种球膨大系数、子球增殖率、根系质量等特性进行了综合比较。结果表明,亚洲百合在秦岭进行繁育必须对具体地区进行严格的筛选。研究认为,位于汉中市的桑园坝产区可以作为亚洲百合在秦岭山区的理想繁育基地之一。     

东方百合索邦对比试验

摘要：本试验以福建省不同高山地区自繁的东方百合‘索邦’与进口商品球为试材,比较不同种球的质量及生产上切花品质,结果表明：在福建高山地区,东方百合可以利用籽球来繁育优质的商品球,这有利于解决东方百合生产上普遍存在着种性退化、进口种球成本高的问题,加速百合国产化。     

百合发育过程中鳞茎淀粉含量及SP活性变化

为探讨百合鳞茎内淀粉含量与淀粉磷酸化酶(SP)活性变化的关系,以亚洲百合和兰州百合为试材,对鳞茎发育过程中母鳞茎、新鳞茎内淀粉含量以及SP活性的变化进行测定。结果表明,2种百合母鳞茎淀粉含量展叶期前均呈下降趋势,而后迅速升高,展叶后40天达到最大值,之后2种百合淀粉含量均下降,亚洲百合下降趋势较为明显;新鳞茎淀粉含量总体呈上升趋势,其中亚洲百合新鳞茎淀粉含量在枯萎期达到最大值,而兰州百合在植株半枯期达到最大值。百合发育过程中淀粉的积累与SP的含量呈正相关,发育过程中2种百合淀粉含量的变化趋势与SP变化趋势基本一致,但鳞茎内淀粉含量最大值与SP活性高峰并非同步出现,说明SP与百合鳞茎淀粉合成有关,却非参与合成淀粉的唯一酶。     

朝鲜百合鳞茎诱导及再生体系建立

野生百合种类稀少,个别种类是中国特有,植物离体快速繁殖是保护稀少濒危百合种的有效方法,本研究为了探究一种朝鲜百合快速繁殖的方法。本研究以野生百合朝鲜为试材,以MS培养基为基础培养基,附加不同种类和浓度的植物生长调节物质（6-BA,NAA）诱导丛生芽及再生植株。以朝鲜百合的鳞茎为外植体,确定鳞茎的最佳消毒时间、影响鳞茎芽诱导的最佳激素组合以及不同激素对鳞茎芽增殖的影响。结果表明：最佳灭菌时间为0.1% HgCl消毒10 min;由于内源激素比例不同,鳞茎诱导的最佳培养基为MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L;最佳继代培养基为MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L;最佳增殖培养基为MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.15 mg/L。     

亚洲百合种内杂交亲和性研究

为促进国内百合育种工作的快速发展,更好地培育出优良的杂交品种,利用从国外引进的‘Loreto’、‘Apricot pixels’、‘Lollypop’、‘Tinos’、‘Navona’、‘Landini’、‘Vemneer’7种亚洲百合杂种系品种开展花粉活力测定、柱头可授性测定和杂交亲和性的研究。‘Lollypop’、‘Loreto’、‘Tinos’、‘Apricot pixels’、‘Vemneer’5种亚洲百合杂种系品种可作为杂交父本材料;‘Landini’、‘Loreto’、‘Navona’、‘Tinos’、‘Vemneer’5种亚洲百合杂种系品种柱头可授性良好,蕾期至花期可授性逐渐增强;8种亚洲百合种内杂交组合中‘Lollypop’בApricot pixels’、‘Loreto’בLollypop’坐果率偏低,‘Apricot pixels’בLoreto’、‘Tinos’בApricot pixel’、‘Vemneer’בTinos’、‘Navona’בTinos’坐果率较高,‘Tinos’בVemneer’、‘Landini’בVemneer’没有得到杂交后代。     

亚洲百合杂交亲和性研究

本实验用常规授粉的方法,对亚洲百合自交、系内杂交和系间杂交亲和性进行了研究,旨在为百合育种研究提供一定的依据。通过试验发现,自交试验中只有‘Mount Duckling’得到膨大的果实;系内杂交试验中共计19个杂交组合,其中13个组合得到膨大的果实,10个组合得到胚;系间杂交试验中以2个东方百合品种为父本,共计12个杂交组合,均未得到胚。通过研究还发现,正反交对结实率也有很大影响。     

Genetic analysis of postharvest flower longevity in Asiatic hybrid lilies

To investigate the genetic regulation of postharvest flower longevity in Asiatic hybrid lilies (Lilium L.), 10 cultivars and 45 progenies were forced, harvested and evaluated under standardised conditions in growth chambers. Analysis of variance for individual flower longevity indicated highly significant (p < 0.001) variation among parents, among progenies and among descendants within progenies. High broad-sense heritability (0.79) calculated at the individual plant level indicated that selection for long individual flower longevity can be expected to be very effective. General combining ability (GCA) effects were highly significant ( p < 0.001), and the estimated narrow-sense heritability was high (0.74). Therefore, individual flower longevity of a genotype can be used as an indication for its breeding value. Although deviating results can be expected as specific combining ability (SCA) effects were also significant ( p = 0.046). Small, but significant correlations between individual flower longevity and other plant characters were found. The impact of these correlations on the selection efficiency for improved postharvest performance of lily inflorescences is discussed. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

芽孢桿菌對百合抗灰霉病之抗性誘導

Lily leaf blight,caused by Botrytis elliptica,is an important fungal disease in Taiwan.In order to decrease the disease incidence in Lilium formosanum,the efficacy of application of rhizobacteria for induced systemic resistance(ISR)was examined in this study.Over 300 rhizobacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere of L.formosanum healthy plants and 63 were identified by the analysis of fatty acid profiles.The ability of disease suppression of 13 strains was demonstrated by soil drench application of bacterial suspensions to the rhizosphere of L.formosanum seedlings.Biocontrol experiments were carried out with Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas putida strains on Lilium Oriental hybrid cultivars Acapulco and Star Gazer besides L.formosanum in the greenhouse and field conditions.The assay with a B.cereus strain good for disease suppression showed that the protection against B.elliptica on L.formosanum could last for at least ten days,consistent with the good association of B.cereus with lily roots.Analysis of the expression of LfGRP1 and LsGRP1,encoding glycine-rich protein of L.formosanum and cv.Star Gazer,respectively,reveals a difference between that in response to the treatment of B.cereus and that singly induced by B.elliptica,suggesting that plant defense responses driven by B.cereus follows a signaling pathway different from that triggered by B.elliptica.According to the results of biocontrol assay and LfGRP1/LsGRP1 gene expression analysis with the culture filtrates of B.cereus strains,we presume that more than one eliciting factor of ISR are generated by B.cereus and some of them exhibit thermostable and autoclave-tolerant traits.This is the first report about ISR-eliciting rhizobacteria and determinants effective for foliar disease suppression on lily.     

广东省野百合天然居群的随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)分析

本研究选择了中国广东省7个有代表性的山区作为野百合(Lilium brownii F.E.Brown ex Miellez)天然居群的采样点,对采集到的199份样品进行了随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)分析,以建立野百合天然居群RAPD分析方法体系以便后续研究,并了解广东省野百合天然居群多态性情况和居群内外个体及野百合...