Effects of Ultra-drying on Vigor and Physiological characteristics of Hippophae rhamnoides Seeds

Studies of ultra-drying and accelerated aging on Hippophae rhamnoides seeds from the arid and semiarid areas of northwest China were conducted. The results showed that H. rhamnoides seeds had higher desiccation endurance. When seeds were desiccated to 26 g/kg, their germination percentage, vigor indices and enzyme activity could be retained. After 30-day accelerated aging, ultra-dried seeds had better anti-aging ability and storability compared to natural dried seeds, and the best choice for the MC of seed ...     

欧洲垂枝桦不同种源种子形态及萌发特性研究

以引进俄罗斯欧洲垂枝桦不同种源种子为材料,对不同种源种子形态及其萌发特性进行研究的结果表明:不同种源种子吸水量没有显著差异,而在种长、种宽、种厚、翅长、翅宽、千粒重、含水率、生活力、发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数存在显著差异;新西伯利亚种源种子最大、质量最重、发育最好、有生活力种子高达82.75%;采用混雪冷藏处理种子萌发能力最强,新西伯利亚种源种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数分别达到67.63%、55.41%、27.19;而对照种源采用低温冷藏处理种子萌发效果最差,其发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数分别为38.51%、32.42%、11.89。     

温度和光照对多花黄精种子萌发的影响

为了解多花黄精种子的萌发特性,探索其种子萌发的最适宜条件,以年珠林场收集的多花黄精种子为研究材料,开展其种子形态测定以及温度和光照对其种子萌发特性影响的研究。结果表明：温度对多花黄精种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和平均发芽时间的影响达到显著水平;在10℃～35℃范围内,随着温度的升高,种子的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数均呈现先增加后减小的趋势,而平均发芽时间则呈现先减小后增加的趋势;当温度为25℃时,种子发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数最高,分别为93.4%、70.1%和48.5,平均发芽时间最低为11.4 d。光照对多花黄精种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和平均发芽时间的影响不显著。试验结果为多花黄精栽培育苗提供技术支持和理论支撑。     

枫杨种子活力测定方法研究

以枫杨种子为材料,研究种子活力测定方法预测种子田间出苗率的准确性.结果表明:随着老化处理时间的延长,种子活力不断下降,老化5 d时,种子活力减半;幼苗生长测定法得出的种子发芽率和发芽指数与田间出苗率呈显著正相关,用于预测枫杨种子播种后的田间表现最为准确;电导率测定的种子活力极不稳定;TTC定量法测定的种子活力与田间出苗...     

贮藏温度和时间对木棉与美丽异木棉种子活力的影响

利用木棉 Bombax ceiba 和美丽异木棉Chorisia speciosa混合种子,在0、4、和8℃条件下贮藏135d,每隔45 d测定一次种子场圃发芽率和活力指标,用2,3,5-三苯基氯化四氮唑法(TTC法)测定种子的初始和贮藏135 d的生活力。结果如下:木棉种子在相同贮藏温度条件下,随贮藏时间的延长,发芽率、发芽势、活力指数存在显著差异(P<0.05),贮藏温度和贮藏时间有极显著的交互作用,种子活力逐渐下降,贮藏135 d后种子发芽率在8.33%以下,基本失去发芽能力;美丽异木棉种子在不同温度下,随着贮藏时间延长,发芽率、发芽势、活力指数没有显著差异,贮藏温度和贮藏时间没有显著的交互作用,种子发芽率为新鲜种子发芽率的67.46%以上;利用TTC染色法(1.0%浓度)能反映出木棉的种子生活力;木棉种子0℃贮藏90 d发芽率好于4和8℃,可在生产中推广应用TTC染色法检测木棉的种子生活力;美丽异木棉种子0、4、8℃贮藏135 d的发芽率差异很小,0℃贮藏发芽率和活力指数较优。     

低温处理对缬草种子萌发与生理活性的影响

研究不同温度梯度(0℃、5℃和10℃)及不同处理时间(10d、20d和30d)对缬草种子萌发及过氧化物酶和淀粉酶活性的影响。结果表明:5℃30d条件下发芽率为39.7%,且种子中过氧化物酶和淀粉酶活性最高;0℃10d和0℃20d条件下发芽率仅分别为13.3%和19.3%,种子中过氧化物酶和淀粉酶酶相对较低。在同等低温条件下,种子的发芽率和发芽势随着处理时间的延长而增高,过氧化物酶和淀粉酶的活性也越高。低温处理能有效的提高缬草种子的发芽率和发芽势,不同处理会造成缬草种子发芽指标和酶活性的差异。     

Effects of osmopriming and hydropriming on vigour and germination of China aster (Callistephus chinensis (L.) Nees.) seeds

The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of osmopriming and different hydropriming treatments on the vigour and germination of China aster (Callistephus chinensis) seeds. Seed vigour and germination tests were conducted at 10, 20 and 30°C in darkness for untreated, osmoprimed and hydroprimed seeds. The following parameters and categories of seeds and seedlings were evaluated: the mean germination time (MGT), T10, T50, U75–25, U90–10, the percentage of germinating seeds (Gmax), germination capacity, percentage of abnormal seedlings and dead seeds. The results showed that osmopriming accelerated seed germination to the largest extent and improved the uniformity of germination at 10 and 30°C. Among the hydropriming treatments the highest speed of germination was observed for seeds hydrated in 500 μL of water per 1 g of seeds for 48 h at 15°C. This treatment accelerated seed germination at 10°C compared with the control. Osmopriming increased seed germination capacity at 30°C. None of the applied hydropriming treatments improved this parameter.     

不同光照和温度处理对杉木种子萌发的影响

为探求不同光照和温度对杉木种子萌发的影响,该研究以杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)种子为试验对象,设置红光、蓝光、白光3个光照处理条件,每个光照处理条件设0,5,20μmol/(m2·s)3个光量梯度,并测量了萌发率、萌发指数和发芽势.结果表明:白光5μmol/(m2·s)、红光20μmol/(m...     

光照、温度和沙藏对草珊瑚种子萌发的影响

在三明市三元区研究草珊瑚种子发芽率和发芽指数与光照、温度和沙藏时间的关系.结果表明,光照、温度和沙藏时间对草珊瑚种子的发芽率和发芽指数影响极显著,最高发芽率是最低的3.10倍,最高发芽指数是最低的8.63倍.有光照的草珊瑚发芽率显著高于无光照的发芽率;随着温度的增加,草珊瑚种子发芽率表现出先升后降的趋势,25℃时种子发芽率和发芽指数最高;沙藏时间对种子发芽率和发芽指数影响最大,沙藏90 d的种子发芽率在90.00％以上.影响草珊瑚种子发芽率的各因素作用大小依次为沙藏时间＞光照＞沙藏时间×光照＞温度＞沙藏时间×温度,影响发芽指数的各因素作用大小依次为沙藏时间＞光照＞温度＞沙藏时间×温度＞沙藏时间×光照.因此,草珊瑚种子宜分批采种、晾干后即沙藏,3月底到4月间播种,播种时宜浅播.     

Roles of gibberellins and abscisic acid in dormancy and germination of red bayberry (Myrica rubra) seeds

Intact seeds from freshly harvested fruits of Myrica rubra (Sieb et Zucc.) were dormant and required 8 weeks of warm stratification followed by 12 weeks of cold stratification for germination. Exogenous application of gibberellic acid (GA(3)) to intact fresh seeds was effective in breaking dormancy, with > 70% of seeds germinating when treated with 5.2 mM GA(3) and incubated at a day/night temperature of 30/20 degrees C for 20 weeks. Removing the hard endocarp or endocarp plus seed coat of fresh seeds promoted germination, and addition of GA(3) to the embryo accelerated germination. The gibberellins GA(1) and GA(4) were more effective than GA(3) in promoting germination of seeds with the endocarp removed. Endogenous contents of GA(1), GA(3), GA(4), GA(7) and GA(20) were quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-selected ion monitoring in the endocarps, seed coats and embryos of fresh seeds treated with 5.2 mM GA(3). The content of GA(3) decreased in the endocarp during incubation, whereas GA(1) contents increased in the endocarp and seed coat. A high GA(1) content was detected in the endocarps and embryos of newly germinated seeds. We speculate that GA(3) was converted to GA(1) during incubation and that GA(1) is involved in seed germination. Endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) contents were measured in fresh seeds and in warm and cold stratified seeds. The ABA content in fresh seeds was distributed in the order endocarp > seed coat > embryo, with the content in the endocarp being about 132-fold higher than in the seed coat and embryo. Total ABA content of seeds subjected to warm or cold stratification, or both, was 8.7- to 14.0-fold lower than that of fresh seeds. Low contents of endogenous GA(1), GA(3), GA(7) and GA(20), but elevated contents of GA(4), were found in the seed coats and endocarps of warm plus cold stratified seeds and in the seed coats and embryos of newly germinated seeds. These observations, coupled with the finding that GA stimulated germination of dormant Myrica seeds, provide evidence that endogenous ABA inhibited release of dormancy and that endogenous gibberellins, especially GA(4) or GA(1), or both, are involved in germination.     

NaCl胁迫对构树种子发芽及幼苗生理生化指标的影响

研究了不同浓度NaCl(0,25,50,75,100,125 mmol/L)对构树种子发芽和幼苗生长及生理效应的影响.结果表明:低浓度(25 mmol/L)盐胁迫下,构树种子的发芽率比对照升高了7.7%,同时幼苗根长亦有显著增加,比对照高23%,苗高、发芽指数、活力指数虽有所下降但不显著;随着NaCl浓度的增大,构树种子的发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数均呈下降趋势,发芽后幼苗的根长、苗高、鲜质量等也呈下降趋势,幼苗生长被抑制.对幼苗的生理指标测定显示:细胞膜透性随着盐浓度的增加逐渐升高,细胞膜稳定性受到破坏;MDA含量、SOD、POD活性随盐浓度的增加呈现先升高后降低的趋势,膜透性和MDA含量与SOD活性呈极显著相关.     

Culling phenotypically inferior trees in seed production area enhances seed and seedling quality of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Acacia auriculiformis</Emphasis>

Improvement in seed and seedling quality of Acacia auriculiformis after culling phenotypically inferior trees was studied in a 6-year old seed production area (SPA). A 5-ha plantation was identified, of which 2.3 ha was converted into SPA. The initial stocking, 1 612 trees·ha⁻¹, was thinned down to 982 trees·ha⁻¹ based on growth characteristics. The following fruiting season, seeds were collected from 10 randomly selected trees in culled and non-culled stands, and seed physical characters, germination and seedling traits were assessed. Seed weight, seed thickness and percentage germination increased by 32.1%, 4.43% and 22.37%, respectively in the culled stand compared to the non-culled stand. Culling also increased the speed of germination, seedling dry weight and seedling vigor index. Heritability values were high for seed weight (0.974) and seed thickness (0.948) while medium values were observed for percentage germination (0.577) and total dry weight (0.534). Predicted genetic gain was 11.13% and 11.22% for seed weight and percentage germination, respectively. The actual gain was 32.1, 51.9 and 22.9% for seed weight, percentage germination and total dry matter, respectively. In conclusion, SPAs established by culling inferior trees could serve as sources of good quality seeds for reforestation programs until genetically improved seeds are made available.     

日本落叶松种子园自由授粉种子发芽性状的测定与评价

以柳河五道沟林木种子园2014年采集的日本落叶松自由授粉种子为材料,对不同方法处理的种子发芽性状进行测定与评价,结果表明:种子发芽率、发芽势、平均发芽时间、发芽指数分别为65%、19%、7.1 d和10.8。种子发芽率分别高出国家标准和吉林省地方标准20个和15个百分点,种子活力实际使用价值分别提高了44%和30%,发芽性状遗传品质显著高于一般商品种子。     

不同药剂处理对闽楠种子萌发的影响

通过4种药剂浸种对闽楠(Phoebe bournei)种子进行发芽对比试验,结果表明:4种药剂浸种可以促使闽楠种子提前萌发,提高种子发芽势和发芽率;其中,萘乙酸(NAA)浸处理的种子发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数均高于其它处理,分别为93.33%、31.67%、2.59,其次为KH2PO4(83.33%、30.00%、2.39);萘乙酸和KH2PO4处理的胚根(均为4.3 cm)和胚芽(均为1.5 cm)长度最长,显著高于对照(胚根3.3 cm,胚芽1.1 cm)(P<0.05).研究表明萘乙酸和KH2PO4不仅能促进闽楠种子萌发,对闽楠芽苗的生长也有显著促进作用.     

红豆树开花结实规律及种子发芽试验

定株观察红豆树开花结实的发育节律，掌握红豆树生物学特性等。多地点、多处理的重复催芽试验，发芽率差异极显著。机械破皮与始温80％温水自然冷却浸种1d的催芽处理对发芽率效果显著，但二者的Q检验差异不显著。机械破皮催芽处理的田间发芽率可达到94．7％，始温80％温水自然冷却浸种1d的催芽处理发芽率可达到82．3％。多次重复温水催芽处理的发芽率在85％以上，温水催芽处理高效、便捷、实用性强。种子宜干藏。     

不同引发处理对了哥王种子萌发的影响

以了哥王种子为材料,通过比较不同浓度的GA3、PEG、NaCl、复合盐KNO3·KH2PO4预浸种处理后种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数等指标,研究不同引发剂对了哥王种子萌发的影响,结果表明：4种引发剂浸种处理均显著促进了哥王种子的萌发及幼苗生长,各指标提高效果均以GA3处理最好,PEG次之,再之为复合盐KNO3·KH2PO4, NaCl引发效果较差,并且随着引发剂浓度的升高呈先升高后降低的趋势。     

玛咖不同颜色种子表型性状及活力特性分析

比较分析棕黄色、棕红色和黑色3种颜色玛咖种子的大小、萌发特性、幼苗生长特性和酶活力,探讨3种颜色玛咖种子的表型性状及其与种子活力之间的相关性。结果表明,棕黄色和黑色种子的长、厚、厚宽比、千粒质量、发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、幼苗苗长、根长、单株鲜质量和干质量、POD活性、脱氢酶活性等性状之间无显著差异,但均显著高于棕红色种子(P<0.05);棕黄色和黑色种子的新鲜不发芽种子数、死种子数和不正常幼苗数均显著低于棕红色种子(P<0.05)。不同颜色玛咖种子的千粒质量与种子的长、厚存在显著正相关(P<0.05),种子发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数均与千粒质量、POD和脱氢酶呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。说明棕黄色和黑色种子活力高于棕红色种子,萌发能力更强。     

NaCl胁迫对黄芪种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

研究不同浓度NaCl的处理下,对黄芪种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响.结果表明：低浓度盐处理有利于促进种子萌发,对幼苗的生长也未表现出不利影响;随盐胁迫浓度的增大,黄芪种子发芽率、发芽指数、幼苗的生长在形态上都表现出盐害效应.     

Effects of priming treatments on germination and biochemicalcharacteristics of Pinus bungeana seeds

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of seed priming on the germination and physiology of Pinus bungeana seeds.Seeds were treated by hydropriming with distilled water,halopriming with potassium nitrate (KNO 3) at 0.3,0.6,1.2 MPa respectively (untreated dry seeds were taken as control).Properties of seed germination and physiology were determined and the effect of hydro-and halopriming on germination and physiology of P.bungeana seeds were investigated.The results showed that,compared with control,each priming treatment had increased the germination percentage (GP) and germination index (GI),shortened the mean germination time (MGT) and the time required for 50% of the seeds to germinate (G 50).Primed P.bungeana seeds significantly decreased the relative conductivity and the amount of malondialdehyde (MDA).Of all the treatments applied to seeds of P.bungeana,halopriming at 0.3 MPa KNO 3 produced the highest GP (65.0%) and the shortest MGT (18.8 d) and G 50 (18.2 d).     

ABT生根粉提高报春花种子活力的研究

为 提高报 春花种子 活力和幼 苗的抗 逆性 , 以 Ａ Ｂ Ｔ 生根 粉 不同 剂型 、不 同浓 度浸 泡 处理报春花 种子, 进 行了播种 发芽试 验。结果 表明 , 经 Ａ Ｂ Ｔ 生 根粉 浸 泡处 理 后, 发 芽率 、发 芽速率、发 芽指数、 活力指数 等活力指 标均明 显提高, 以６ 号 Ａ Ｂ Ｔ 生根 粉２０ ｍｇ Ｌ 浸泡２４ｈ 的处理效果最 佳。电导 率值和干 鲜比低 于 Ｃ Ｋ, 与种子 活力存在 负相关 关系。