双峰驼肝脏弥漫漫性脂肪瘤的发现及其与微量元素关系的探讨

１９９１－１９９２年，在内蒙古阿拉善右旗和甘肃省民勤县双峰驼脏发现一种的脂肪瘤。眼观，这种脂肪瘤呈大小不一的结节状，弥温分布于整个肝脏，镜下，它由成熟的脂肪细胞和少量纤维结缔组织构成，其间夹杂变性，坏死的肝细胞。流行病学调查表明，该肿瘤主要发生于荒漠和半荒漠草原全年放牧的双峰驼。发病率高达２７．６％。病变肝组织的元素分析发现Ｃｕ含量明显降低，且Ｆｅ与Ｃｕ含量呈强负直线相关，表明该肿瘤的发生与低Ｃｕ     

两种荒漠土壤和牧草矿物元素含量的比较研究

对砾石和沙质２种不同的荒漠土壤和牧草矿物元素含量进行了分析,结果表明：砾石荒漠土壤和牧草中Ｆｅ,Ｃｏ,Ｍｏ含量极显著高于沙持荒漠（Ｐ〈０．０１）,牧草Ｃｕ：Ｍｏ仅为１．３：１,沙质荒漠牧草Ｃａ含量过高,Ｐ含量偏低,导致牧草中Ｃａ：Ｐ高达５０;１,同时发现,２种荒漠牧草中Ｓｅ,Ｍｎ,Ｚｎ含量均低于反刍动物的营养需要量,其原因可能与土壤中这些元素含量偏低有直接关系。     

香猪仔猪断奶前后血浆中微量元素含量的变化

应用ＩＣＰ／６５００－等离子扫描光谱仪检测了香猪断奶前后血浆中微量元素Ｆｅ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｍｎ、Ｍｏ、Ｃｏ的含量变化。结果发现，香猪血浆中Ｆｅ、Ｚｎ、Ｍｎ含量在断奶后有所增高，Ｃｕ则降低。Ｍｏ、Ｃｏ含量在断奶前后都低于检测线，表明含量甚微。     

不同月龄香猪血浆微量元素含量性别差异的探讨

应用ＩＣＰ／６５００等离子发射光谱对不同月龄香猪的日增重、血红蛋白含量和血浆微量元素含量进行了性别差异分析．结果表明，一月龄公猪日增重大于母猪，血红蛋白含量小于母猪，各性别猪血浆Ｆｅ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｍｎ含量无显著差异，二月龄公猪日增重小于母猪，血红蛋白含量亦小于母猪，公猪血浆Ｆｅ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｍｎ含量均大于母猪，而血浆Ｃｕ含量性别差异不大．不同月龄间比较结果表明，母猪生长速度较公猪快．二月龄各性别猪血红蛋白含量均高于一月龄；公猪血浆Ｆｅ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｍｎ含量差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５），母猪则只有血浆Ｃｕ差异显著．     

青海湖湖东区土—草—普氏原羚系统中微量元素含量研究

 为明确微量元素在土－草－普氏原羚生态系统中的分布特性,探讨微量元素含量对普氏原羚生长繁殖的影响,对青海湖东区普氏原羚生境的土壤、牧草以及普氏原羚血样和毛样中６种微量元素硒（Ｓｅ）、铜（Ｃｕ）、锰（Ｍｎ）、铁（Ｆｅ）、锌（Ｚｎ）、钼（Ｍｏ）含量进行了测定分析。结果表明,土壤中夏季Ｓｅ和Ｍｏ严重缺乏,秋冬季Ｃｕ、Ｍｏ和Ｚｎ严重缺乏,而Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ含量盈富;３个季节牧草中的Ｃｕ、Ｍｏ、Ｓｅ均缺乏,Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｚｎ 在正常范围。土壤和牧草中Ｃｕ、Ｍｎ、Ｚｎ和Ｓｅ含量在夏季存在显著相关性,在秋季Ｃｕ和Ｚｎ含量显著相关,而冬季只有土壤和牧草中的Ｍｏ具有一定的相关性。冬季,普氏原羚毛样中Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｚｎ的含量高于血清,Ｃｕ、Ｍｏ、Ｓｅ含量则略低于血清;除１只雌性普氏原羚血清中Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ含量偏低,分别为４．９６和４．６３μｍｏｌ／Ｌ 外,其余４只普氏原羚血清Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ含量均在９．５０和７．８１μｍｏｌ／Ｌ 左右。     

大熊猫器官组织中矿物质元素的分布

采用原子吸收分光光度计分析了１只死亡大熊猫１９种器官中的五种元素铜（Ｃｕ）、铁（Ｆｅ）、锌（Ｚｎ）、钙（Ｃａ）和镁（Ｍｇ）的分布，发现肝、脾和肾中含Ｆｅ量都很高，分别为６５４０．５４、４４２３．２１和４７６３．４１ｕｇ／ｇ；Ｚｎ和Ｃｕ含量最高的是十二指肠，分别为２０１．１７和１５．４６ｕｇ／ｇ；睾丸中含Ｚｎ较低，为６８．４３ｕｇ／ｇ，但含Ｃａ最高，为１９６６．５８ｕｇ／ｇ；颌下腺中Ｍｇ含量最高为１     

绵羊铅镉联合中毒的研究

研究了白银矿区周围绵羊以消瘦和贫血为主要特征的疾病。通过检测食物链系统及绵羊全血、被毛和组织器官中１３种矿物元素（Ｐｂ、Ｃｄ、Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｍｏ、Ｃｕ、Ｆ、Ａｓ、Ｓｅ、Ａｌ、Ｃａ、Ｐ）的含量，分析血液生理生化指标的变化，揭示出现地牧草中Ｐｂ、Ｃｄ的含量高，分别为（１１１．２±９８．４）μｇ／ｇ和（１２．０±１．２）μｇ／ｇ；动物体内的Ｐｂ、Ｃｄ沉积量亦极显著高于允许值（Ｐ＜０．０１）；动物呈低色素小细胞性贫血，血清ＬＤＨ、ＡＬＴ活性和Ｔ３含量显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１），血清蛋白含量降低（Ｐ＜０．０１），以及实质器官变性、坏死，肾小管上皮细胞核包涵体等病理学特点。确认该病系工业环境污染所致的绵羊铅镉联合中毒     

香猪血浆微量元素和部分血象值的比较分析

用ＩＣＰ－ＳＰＥＣＩ型等离子发射光谱仪对１、２月龄香猪血浆Ｆｅ，Ｚｎ，Ｍｎ，Ｃｕ含量进行了测试，并比较分析了其与部分血象值的关系。结果１月龄香猪血浆Ｆｅ，Ｚｎ，Ｍｎ含量低于２月龄，红细胞数、血红蛋白含量和红细胞比容也低于２月龄，血浆Ｃｕ含量则高于２月龄。     

黄牛与牦牛投服微量元素缓释丸的应用研究

选择４０头黄牛和２０头牦牛，投服自制的Ｓｅ，Ｃｕ和Ｃｏ复合微量元素缓释丸，研究了元素在体内的代谢动力学。结果表明，投服缓释丸后第６０ｄ体内Ｓｅ，Ｃｕ和Ｃｏ含量明显升高（Ｐ〈０．０１），元素之间未出现明显的拮抗作用。经过全血和被毛元素含量的动态分析，该缓释丸能使牛体内Ｓｅ，Ｃｕ和Ｃｏ适宜水平至少维持１ａ以上。     

新疆呼图壁绿洲荒漠草地优势植物体内元素含量和季节变化的研究

对新疆呼图壁荒漠草地３５种植物不同部位１６种元素分布规律的研究结果表明，植物不同部位元素含量差异较大。嫩枝叶中具有极高的Ｎａ含量，大多数植物的多数元素含量老枝中最低，多数植物根中Ｆｅ，Ａｌ，Ｍｎ，Ｃｕ，Ｚｎ的含量较高，各部位元素含量差异最大的是Ｎａ，差异最小的是Ｃａ。不同植物种和不同元素含量的季节变化有差异，在多数情况下，６月初的含量高于８月底，６月底－８月初生长旺季元素含量较低。     

双峰驼血清中抗利尿素和醛固酮含量的动态研究

本研究首次对双峰驼在不同饮水条件下血清中抗利尿素（ＡＤＨ）和醛固酮的含量进行测定，结果表明：双峰驼正常血清中ＡＤＨ和Ａｌｄｏ科夏季含量均值为０．５５和５９．８５ｐｇ／ｍｌ。Ａｌｄｏ比ＡＤＨ高１００多倍。ＡＤ盼望同于冬季，禁水后两 明显增加，禁水１５天时ＡＤＨ和Ａｌｄｏ增加为０．７６４和１３０．４８ｐｇ／ｍｌ，禁水期ＡＤＨ含量的季节差异逐渐缩小；而Ａｌｄｏ的季节差异则显著扩大，１５天时Ａｌｄｏ夏季含     

双峰幼驼组织中矿物元素含量的分布

对双峰幼驼及胎儿组织矿物元素的含量进行了分析。结果表明，所测样品矿物元素的分布规律与成年双峰驼基本一致，幼驼和成年驼组织元素含量无明显差异，而胎儿组织Cu含量显著低于幼驼和成年驼，肝脏Zn含量则较高。     

Studies on the relationship between sway disease of bactrian camels and copper status in Gansu province

The clinical signs of camel sway disease in the Hexi Corridor of Gansu province were defined. The contents of eight minerals in soils, in forage and in the blood and hair of bactrian camels from this region were determined. The related blood indices were also measured. The concentration of molybdenum in soils and forage was 4.8±0.02 and 4.8±0.25 µg/g (dry matter), respectively, the copper to molybdenum ratio in the forage being only 1.3. The concentration of copper in blood and hair from the camels was 0.28±0.17 µg/ml and 3.50±1.00 µg/g, respectively. There was a hypochromic microcytic anaemia and a low level of ceruloplasmin in the blood. It is therefore suggested that sway disease of bactrian camels in this region is caused by secondary copper deficiency, mainly due to the high molybdenum content in soils and forage. The copper deficiency in the camels was aggravated during reproduction. Oral administration of copper sulphate can prevent and cure the disease.Abbreviations AKP alkaline phosphatase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Cp ceruloplasmin - Crt creatinine - DM dry matter - -GGT -glutamyltransferase - Hb haemoglobin concentration - LDH lactate dehydrogenase - MCH mean corpuscular haemoglobin content - MCHC mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration - MCV mean corpuscular volume - PCV packed cell volume - RBC red blood cell count     

实验性皮肤角化不全症仔猪被毛及各组织中锌、铜含量测定

以钙：锌＝３３０：１与５１６：１的日粮饲喂健康断乳仔猪１２０天，复制了仔猪皮肤角化不全症。患病仔猪被毛中锌、铜含量呈逐渐下降趋势，锌含量极显著低于正常组（Ｐ＜０．０１），而铜含量则与正常组差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。患病仔猪肝、十二指肠、肠系脱淋巴结中锌含量极显著低于正常组（Ｐ＜０．０１），心、肾、脑中锌含量著低于正常组（Ｐ＜０．０５），脾、肺、左侧最后肋骨、背最长肌、胰中锌含量与正常组差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５），肝、背最长肌中铜含量极显著高于正常组（Ｐ＜０．０１），脾中铜含量显著高于正常用（ｐ＜０．０５），脑、心中铜含量极显著低于正常组（Ｐ＜０．０１），肾中铜含量显著低于正常用（Ｐ＜０．０５），其余组织中铜含量与正常组差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。本试验测定了正常仔猪和用化不全症仔猪各组织中锌、铜的含量，报告了角化不全症仔猪心、肺、肠系膜淋巴结中锌、钢含量及被毛中锌、钢含量的动态变化。     

建立双峰骆驼自然保护区的思考

从世界双峰驼和我国双峰驼养殖数量的变化趋势着手,结合我国生态保护政策,分析了如何保护我国双峰驼资源的问题,并提出了在双峰驼核心产区建立双峰驼自然保护区的建议。     

不同环境温度条件下双峰驼血浆蛋白质组学差异

根据不同环境温度条件下双峰驼血浆中蛋白表达的差异,探讨环境高温对双峰驼的差异蛋白在环境适应性中的作用机制。采用二维凝胶电泳（2-DE）结合MADIL-TOF-TOF串联质谱的方法对环境高温双峰驼的血浆进行蛋白质组分析鉴定。结果显示,4种蛋白的表达上调,分别是免疫球蛋白重链的恒定区,结合珠蛋白,载脂蛋白AIV,纤维蛋白原β链前体。1种蛋白的表达下调即血清白蛋白。结果表明,环境高温引起内分泌系统变化,从而使一些蛋白的表达发生变化。这些蛋白主要与机体急性期应答、免疫反应、物质运输及物质代谢等相关。     

Effects of 2-mercaptoethanol on the solubility of copper and zinc containing proteins in liver samples from normal and chronic copper poisoned sheep

The solubility of Cu and Zn binding proteins was studied in liver samples from clinically healthy and chronic copper poisoned sheep (CCP). Homogenized liver was divided by ultracentrifugation into cytosol and pellet. The cytosol was gelfiltrated, Cu and Zn contents were determined in the eluates as well as in the pellet. Liver homogenate, cytosol and pellet were treated with 2-mercaptoethanol (ME). The resulting clear solutions were fractionated by gel filtration followed by determination of the contents of the two metals in the eluates.In CCP sheep the solubility of Cu containing proteins from the liver homogenate and pellet increased after incubation with ME.The results suggest that in CCP sheep a considerable amount of Cu containing proteins are present in an insoluble form, which to some extent is resolubilized by ME.     

青海双峰驼的血清同工酶酶谱

采用聚丙烯酰胺胺凝胶电泳法对６４峰青海双峰驼的四种血清同工酶酶谱进行研究。结果表明：（１）酯酶呈现单一的ＥＳａ型；（２）淀粉酶由ＡＭＹ１，ＡＭＹ２和ＡＷＭＹ３三种同工酶组成单一酶谱；（３）乳酸脱氢酶和碱性磷酸酶同工酶酶谱存在年龄差异；（４）成年驼和幼年驼的碱性磷酸酶均有不同的同工酶酶谱。     

Ovine white-liver disease (OWLD). Trace elements in liver

Trace elements in liver were examined in vitamin B12 deficient lambs which developed ovine white-liver disease (OWLD), in cobalt/vitamin B12 supplemented lambs on the same pastures as well as clinically healthy, but sometimes subclinical B12 deficient lambs on other pastures (H). Liver Co was marginal to deficient in both OWLD lambs (S lambs) and H lambs. Supplementation with B12 or Co elevated liver Co. Liver copper was significantly lower in OWLD lambs than in the H lambs, and Co/B12 supplementation on pasture generally had no significant effect on the contents. Dosing lambs on OWLD pastures with copper oxide needles (SCuO), however, resulted in high/toxic liver Cu. Dosing with Co, Se and Cu glass boluses resulted in adequate liver Cu, except for 1 lamb with toxic amounts indicating dissolution and absorption of the bolus. OWLD lambs had significantly lower liver molybdenum than H lambs, and Co/B12 supplementation elevated values, while CuO treatment depressed them. Liver zinc, manganese and selenium are also reported.     

ULTRASONOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF CANINE LIPOMAS

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ultrasonographic features of canine lipomas. A group of 94 dogs with a soft tissue mass was considered. All dogs were examined ultrasonographically and cyto/histologic examination was performed. Twenty-four dogs, whose mass was diagnosed as a lipoma, were selected. Fifty-five lipomas were present on the 24 dogs. Fifty-one lipomas were superficial and located subcutaneously. Four lipomas were deep and located in the paratesticular region. Ultrasonographically, lipomas appeared as oval, well-defined, encapsulated, striated masses.