Influence of Integrated Membrane Treatment on the Phytotoxicity of Wastewater from the Coke Industry

In this paper, coke wastewater that had passed through biological and integrated membrane processes (filtration on sand bed—reverse osmosis) was chosen to assess the phytotoxicity of selected industrial wastewater with regard to the test plant—Vicia faba. An innovative research technique in vitro test was conducted in a large scale phytothrone chamber on two matrices: cotton and Murashige and Skoog Basal Medium (MSBM). The toxicity of wastewater was evaluated for samples: (1) treated in the treatment plant by biological processes, (2) filtrated through a sand bed and filtrated (3) reverse osmosis (RO) membrane. The results showed that there is a noticeable correlation between increasing concentrations of wastewater and seed germination of the test plant. Although the wastewater collected from the coke plant was treated biologically, it showed very high levels of germination inhibition (90–98% for cotton matrix and 92–100% for MSBM matrix) and strong toxic effects. The wastewater collected from the coke plant showed a significantly greater phytotoxic effect compared with those obtained from the effluent treated on a sand bed and in RO. However, wastewater, even after treatment on a sand bed (reduction of COD—39%, TN—46%, TOC—42%, TC—47%, SS—50%, 16PAHs—53%), was still toxic and germination inhibition was in the range of 24–48% for the cotton matrix and 14–54% for the MSBM matrix. The toxicity of wastewater treated in the membrane process was the lowest (reduction of COD—85%, TN—95%, TOC—85%, TC—86%, SS—98%, 16PAHs—67%). The germination inhibition was in the range of 4–10% for the cotton matrix and 2–12% for the MSBM matrix. These samples are classified as non-toxic or slightly toxic to the model plant. The present study highlights the necessity of monitoring not only the basic physical and chemical indicators (including the level of toxic substances as PAHs), but also their effect on the test organisms in wastewater samples.     

Temporal and spatial variability of the CH4 dynamics of landfill cover soils

Landfills are regarded as important sources of the atmospheric methane (CH₄), one of the major greenhouse gases. In this study we investigated the CH₄ dynamics of landfill cover soils in a long‐term field experiment. The CH₄ emission rates were low, mostly ranging from —100 to 100 μmol m^—2 h^—1, with prevailing negative values. Higher values of up to 130,000 μmol m^—2 h^—1, obtained concurrently, were due to mice burrows, connecting the reduced soil sections with the aerated ones. Thus, the appearance of spatial dissimilarity was the most important factor influencing temporal variability. Reducing the soil cover from 120 cm to at least 60 cm caused a tendency of increased CH₄ emission. The oxidation rates were also low and differed with low temporal variability from 1.0—11.9 nmol g^—1 h^—1 in 0—10 cm soil depth and 0—5.3 nmol g^—1 h^—1 in 40—50 cm, respectively. Highest rates were obtained at 25—30 % soil water content. A mapping of CH₄ concentrations over the whole landfill showed a large spatial variation with values of 3.1—343 nmol g^—1. Subsequent CH₄ emission rates were between —0.2 and 120,000 mmol m^—2 d^—1 and showed a positive correlation to the CH₄ concentrations (r = 0.993, P < 0.05). Thus, by a large scale mapping of CH₄ concentrations a low‐cost procedure is proposed to identify the hot spots of CH₄ release which should be treated with additional thick and well aerated cover soil materials.     

红透山铜矿尾矿库重金属剖面分布特征

对红透山铜矿尾矿剖面0—255 cm以15 cm间隔进行分层取样,并采用pH计法测定剖面各层样品的pH值,等离子发射光谱仪（IC—OES）测定重金属Cu,Zn,Cd,Cr,Pb全量及酸可提取态的含量。结果表明:各层尾矿的pH值为3.52～7.23,并随深度的增加而升高;尾矿层0—150 cm的pH值较低,有利于重金属元素的迁移。重金属Cu,Zn,Cd为尾矿中主要污染元素,Cu,Zn,Cd,Cr,Pb全量在尾矿层0—60 cm深度范围变化波动较大,特别是在0—15 cm有较大程度减少,与雨水淋滤和表层径流有关。酸可提取态重金属含量在0—60 cm波动最大;0—15 cm含量很低,但在30—60 cm尾矿层出现大量富集,与尾矿层pH值较低以及水分运移活跃有关。研究结论可为尾矿库污染控制措施提供依据。     

黄河三角洲盐渍化荒地种植植物对土壤改良、磷形态转化及有效性的影响

为了明确种植不同植物对黄河三角洲盐渍化荒地改良效果、土壤磷形态转化及增效调控机制,研究了在生长芦苇的盐渍化荒地改变种植植物(柽柳、白蜡、苜蓿)的改良措施对土壤磷形态转化及有效含量的影响。结果表明:与荒地芦苇相比,3种植物种植均能显著提高0—20 cm土壤磷酸酶活性,柽柳种植显著降低0—20 cm土壤pH,促进0—20 cm土壤大颗粒团聚体形成,提高0—40 cm土壤有机碳含量,显著增加0—100 cm土壤盐渍化程度,促使土壤速效磷(Ca2—P)和缓效磷(Ca8—P和Al—P)向难溶性磷(Ca10—P)的转化,导致土壤磷有效性降低;白蜡种植显著降低0—100 cm土壤盐渍化程度及60—100 cm土壤pH,0—20 cm土壤小颗粒团聚体比例增加,0—40 cm土壤有机碳含量显著降低,促进土壤难溶性磷(O—P)向缓效磷(Fe—P)转化,有利于土壤磷有效性提高;苜蓿种植显著增加0—20 cm土壤有效磷含量,提高0—20 cm土壤磷酸酶活性,促进难溶性磷(O—P)、缓效磷(Ca8—P和Al—P)向速效磷的转化,0—20 cm土壤大颗粒团聚体比例增加有利于提升土壤磷有效性,其60—100 cm土壤pH增加不利于土壤磷的有效性提高;3种植物种植后土壤微生物量碳和微生物量磷显著降低,微生物量氮显著增加,土壤呼吸强度及脲酶活性均无显著变化。综上所述,白蜡种植最有利于降低土壤盐渍化程度和pH,苜蓿种植最有利于0—20 cm土壤磷有效性的提高,3种植物种植对20—100 cm土壤磷有效性无显著促进作用。由于3种植物对盐渍荒地改良时间较短,土壤微生物种群动态变化及对土壤磷形态转化过程及调控机制尚需深入研究。     

Biomass production and N fixation of five Mucuna pruriens varieties and their effect on maize yields in the forest zone of Cameroon

Mucuna has been tested intensively in past years as green manure for intensive maize production in West Africa. However, information is missing about the yield effect of different existing mucuna varieties. Five Mucuna pruriens varieties were grown for 40 weeks followed by sole maize (Zea mays L.) in order to determine differences in biomass production, nitrogen fixation, and effects on maize yield. Mucuna varieties differed in length of growing period, total biomass production (5.9—8.8 Mg ha^—1), seed production (0.65—1.3 Mg ha^—1), nitrogen (N) uptake (147—222 kg ha^—1), N fixation (87—171 kg ha^—1), and the amount of N retained in residues (138—218 kg ha^—1). The grain yield of maize grown immediately after the short mucuna fallow was significantly higher after mucuna vars. jaspaeda (4.60 Mg ha^—1), utilis (3.49 Mg ha^—1), and cochinchinensis (3.44 Mg ha^—1), compared with a non‐fertilized control (1.93 Mg ha^—1) which had a maize crop and vegetation regrowth before. After mucuna vars. ghana and veracruz, 2.90 and 2.65 Mg ha^—1 of maize grain were produced, respectively. No significant correlation between mucuna biomass and its N uptake and maize grain yield was found, whereas maize stover yield showed a significant positive correlation. Application of 30, 60, and 90 kg ha^—1 N as <?tw=98%>urea on sub‐plots of the control yielded 2.20, 3.19, and 3.46 Mg ha^—1 <?tw>of maize grain in the first year. Only the difference between 0 and 90 kg ha^—1 N was significant. Fertilizer N equivalent values for mucuna varieties ranged from 41 to 148 kg ha^—1. The yield advantage of vars. jaspaeda, utilis, and cochinchinensis versus the control without N fertilizer application was confirmed in the following year, with no significant difference in maize grain yield between mucuna and the control with N fertilizer application.<?show $6#>     

Effect of No‐Tillage and Conventional Tillage Systems on the Chemical Composition of Soil Solid Phase and Soil Solution of Brazilian Savanna Oxisols

No‐tillage (NT) cropping systems are becoming increasingly important in the Brazilian savanna. To evaluate their sustainability we compared soil chemical properties in 1‐ to 3‐year‐old NT systems following 9 to 11 years of conventional tillage (CT) with systems where CT was continuously in place for 12 years. In the rainy season 1997/98, NT was cropped with soybean and CT with corn while in the rainy season 1998/99 both systems were cropped with soybean. Soil solid phase samples were taken from the 0—0.15, 0.15—0.3, 0.3—0.8, 0.8—1.2, and 1.2—2 m layers on three spatially separated plots under each of NT and CT. Soil solution samples were collected weekly at 0.15, 0.3, 0.8, 1.2, and 2 m soil depth during two rainy seasons (14 October to 28 April 1997/98 and 1998/99). We determined soil moisture contents, pH, the concentrations of exchangeable cations, the electrical conductivity (EC) of the soil solution, and the concentrations of Al, C, Ca, Cl^—, K, Mg, Mn, Na, NH₄⁺, NO₃^—, P, S, and Zn in solid soil and soil solution samples. Differences in soil solid phase properties and moisture content between NT and CT were small, few were significant. Under NT, the average solution pH was significantly lower (5.5), Al (26 μg l^—1), Mn (17 μg l^—1) and total organic C concentrations (TOC, 6.5 mg l^—1) were higher than under CT (pH: 6.0, Al: 14μg l ⁻¹, Mn: 14μg l ⁻¹, TOC: 5.5 mg l ⁻¹). Irrespective of the different crops in the first rainy season, under NT, the EC (205 μS cm^—1), Ca (17 mg l^—1), and Mg (2.9 mg l^—1) concentrations at 0—0.3 m depth were lower than under CT (EC: 224 μS cm^—1, Ca: 25 mg l^—1, Mg: 5.6 mg l^—1). At 1.2—2 m depth, the reverse order was observed (EC: 124 μS cm^—1 under NT and 84 μS cm^—1 under CT, Ca: 11 mg l^—1 under NT and 7.5 mg l^—1 under CT, Mg: 3.1 mg l^—1 under NT and 1.8 mg l^—1 under CT). Our results indicate that enhanced soil acidification because of higher rates of organic matter mineralization and a more pronounced nutrient leaching because of increased pore continuity may limit the sustainability of NT.     

Pedobiochemical indicators for eutrophication and the development of ”︁black spots” in tidal flat soils on the North Sea coast

The increasing eutrophication of tidal flat soils on the North Sea coast and the appearance of ”︁black spots” gave rise to this study. The aim was to find pedobiochemical indicators for the development of ”︁black spots”. Artificially eutrophicated soils were compared with untreated soils in the field and laboratory. The pH values of the artificially eutrophicated and natural soils often differed by nearly one unit. The treated soils mostly showed lower redox potentials (˜ —300 mV) than the untreated samples (˜ —250 mV). The mean sulfate concentrations were 2.2 mM in the eutrophicated laboratory soils and 13.1 mM in the eutrophicated field soils, compared with 12.5 mM and 20.2 mM in the untreated ones. Consequently, the SO₄^2—:Cl^— ratios and SO₄^2— differences were lower in the treated soils. Non‐eutrophicated soils showed methane concentrations of < 5 nmol cm^—3, whereas the eutrophicated soils showed up to 217.0 nmol cm^—3 in the field and 479.1 nmol cm^—3 in the laboratory. Differences between field and laboratory data were mainly due to a continuous sulfate supply and reoxidation process only possible in the field. Although all parameters showed differences between the eutrophicated and untreated soils, only the methane data did not overlap with their interquartile ranges. Those of the untreated soils were 2—7 nmol cm^—3 and those of the treated were 12—360 nmol cm^—3. Thus, threshold values can be defined. Methane concentrations of approximately > 10 nmol cm^—3 refer to the beginning eutrophication process and those in the range of > 100 nmol cm^—3 to advanced processes, phenologically forming ”︁black spots”.     

石羊河尾闾-青土湖水面形成对土壤分形维数和植被的影响

以石羊河尾闾青土湖水面形成区的土壤及植被为研究对象,利用植被及土壤调查取样方法,调查分析了水平距水面0～450 m,垂直0—60 cm土层的土壤粒径及植物多样性。利用分形几何学方法对土壤颗粒的分形特征进行分析,以探讨土壤颗粒分形维数与植被特征间的关系。研究结果表明:不同土层及不同水面距离的土壤分形维数在2.10～2.92,平均值为2.55;呈现随距水面距离增大而波动变小的趋势,0—20 cm土层在0~150 m土壤粒径分形维数呈缓慢增加趋势,在150 m处达到最大,随后逐渐降低;而20—40 cm,40—60 cm土层在0~100 m呈缓慢增加趋势,在100 m处达到最大;植物物种多样性变化与土壤分维数的变化具有较好的对应关系;各多样性指数随水面距离变化趋势一致,在距水面0~50 m和400~450 m处多样性达到最大。草本的重要值在距水面200 m处达到最大,灌木的重要值在距水面300 m处达到最大值,草本植物对区域植物多样性影响较大,但灌木植物重要值与土壤特征的变化关系更密切;线性回归分析表明在0—20 cm,40—60 cm土层,分形维数与多样性、均匀度和优势度指数呈显著负相关,在干旱沙漠地区,土壤颗粒分形维数也可作为一个反映评价土壤演变程度的综合定量指标。     

喀斯特地区贵州省绥阳县土地利用/覆被变化对陆地植被碳储量的影响

土地利用/覆被变化是影响陆地生态系统碳储量变化的重要驱动因素。利用绥阳县2000年、2005年、2010年3期ETM/SPOT影像解译获得的2000—2010年土地利用变化数据,估算了该县土地利用变化对生态系统中植被碳储量的影响。结果表明:2000—2005年研究区耕地面积增加了22.87hm2,林地、牧草地分别减少了15.78,8.28hm2,植被碳储量2005年比2000年减少了2 945.11t;2005—2010年研究区耕地、牧草地分别减少26.28,4.09hm2,林地增加29.07hm2,植被碳储量2010年比2005年增加了1 786.17t。综上,该县植被碳储量总体呈减少趋势,且退耕还林还草、天然林保护工程和城镇建设用地增加等是影响该地区植被碳储量变化的重要因素。     

On the stability of non-water-stressed baselines

Non-water-stressed baselines — plots of foliage—air temperature differential vs. air vapor pressure deficit — were obtained for seven different varieties of wheat and one variety of water hyacinth having three different characteristic leaf sizes in experiments conducted at Phoenix, Arizona. A single baseline was found to describe adequately the data for all seven wheat varieties; while three different baselines were required for the three different leaf-sized canopies of water hyacinth. The slopes of the three water hyacinth baselines were all identical; however, their intercepts differed by as much as 6° C.     

新型肥料施用对玉米季土壤硝态氮累积的影响

田间条件下,以封丘县潮土为研究对象,研究了在200 kg/hm~2供氮水平下施用3种新型肥料(金阳牌有机复合肥、金正大控释肥和红四方纳米控失肥)对玉米季不同土壤层次硝态氮运移的影响.结果表明,与对照不施肥处理相比.各肥料处理均能增加土壤硝态氮的累积,尤其对耕层(0-30 cm)影响最大.且其变化除了受肥料品种影响外,施肥时期、灌溉量、降雨量等外界因素也影响较大.研究还发现,3种新型肥料均有利于提高0-80 cm土壤硝态氮累积,其中以红四方纳米控失肥增加相对较多,有助于促进当季玉米利用,提高肥料利用率,可作为适宜该地区玉米季的肥料品种之一.     

三位一体视角下三峡库区耕地资源内外转换轨迹和特征——以江津区为例

耕地资源约束趋紧下,区域发展和多维消费需求取决于耕地数量、质量、生态“三位一体”保护,揭示变化耕地的转换轨迹及“数、质、生”特征是确保耕地得到有效三位保护的前提,也是未来耕地保护的施策重点。基于2009—2018年土地利用数据和耕地质量等级评价成果,采用土地利用转换矩阵和景观生态风险指数等方法,从耕地内部和外部变化两个方向切入,找出不同时段耕地内外转换的轨迹,解析转换水旱地的“三位”特征,探究了转换耕地的时空变化规律。结果表明：(1)耕地转换以外部转换为主,2009—2012年、2012—2015年、2015—2018年3个阶段均有发生,主要转换类型为耕地与城乡建设用地间的互转,内部转换仅发生在2015—2018年,旱地转水田和水田转旱地数量基本相当。(2)转换耕地质量总体偏高,其中转出旱地主要在10—11等,转出水田主要在8等,而转入旱地以8—12等为主,转入水田以8—9等为主。(3)转换耕地主要分布在低和较高生态风险区,其中旱地转出转入与水田转出均主要发生在低生态风险区,而水田转入主要发生在较高生态风险区。由此可见近10年来耕地转换轨迹从单一外部转换向内外部多元地类转换,同时水田与...     

Optical Properties of the Extractable Organic Matter Fractions in Typical Chernozems of Long-Term Field Experiments

Eurasian Soil Science - The extractable fractions of organic matter (OM) differing in their mobility—water-extractable organic matter, labile humic substances, and humic substances—have...     

陕北黄土丘陵区退耕地植物群落演替特征

为了解黄土丘陵区侵蚀地貌退耕地植物群落演替模式及其基本特征,以陕北安塞纸坊沟流域的20块不同年限退耕地和荒坡为研究对象,采用空间代替时间序列的方法进行植物群落的调查和演替特征的分析。结果表明:退耕地植物群落大致经历了茵陈蒿群落—杂类草—狗尾草群落—长芒草群落—铁杆蒿群落—茭蒿群落的演替过程。植物群落的Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数和Pielou均匀度指数均表现出随演替进行而上升的变化规律,但上升的速率各异;演替前期和中期的群落基本上属于对数级数分布,说明该阶段的物种组成主要是生态位预占模式起作用,演替后期的群落属于对数正态分布,可能是生态位预占、周围繁殖体的侵入压力、种间竞争和其他因素共同作用的结果;群落盖度变化与演替时间符合二次函数变化规律。     

Nonpoint pollution from agricultural watersheds in the Carpathian Plateau (Southern Poland)

In the Carpathian Plateau (Southern Poland) there are numerous strips and scarps which limit the rate of surface runoff. At the same time, a dense net of field roads intensifies the runoff. Investigations were carried out in 4 different watersheds. The greatest losses of nutrients during the spring thaw were observed in the watershed of the Mogi?ka stream which was characterized by the greatest intensity of agricultural land use. The unit flow was accepted as the parameter which most synthetically illustrated the natural and anthropogenic conditions stimulating the occurrence of non-point pollution in the watershed. On the basis of regression equations the following values of the mean annual export of nutrients from the area of the Carpathian Plateau were calculated (kg ha^?1 yr^?1): N-NH₄—0.66, N-NO₃—3.61, N_org—6.14, N_tot—10.4, P_tot—0.68, K—11.0, Ca—121, Mg—27.     

扬黄灌区开垦时间对土壤剖面有机碳含量和组分变化的影响

基于开垦时间长短和跨度大小,研究了近40 a来宁夏中部扬黄灌区土壤有机碳含量、组分及其化学稳定性的变化规律。结果表明:代尺度上（15~35 a,10 a为最小单位）,随开发年限的延长,依次以0—40 cm土壤活性有机碳垂直分布格局（15 a）、10—20 cm土壤活性有机碳含量（25 a）、10—40 cm土壤总有机碳含量（35 a）的显著变化为标志,灌区土壤有机碳表现出一种渐进式演变格局。在此过程中,表层0—10 cm土壤有机碳含量与组成、0—40 cm分层土壤有机碳化学稳定性维持不变。年尺度上（0~12 a,3 a为最小单位）,耕作层土壤总有机碳、活性有机碳含量在0~12 a间表现出先增加后下降的波动变化格局,而有机碳化学稳定性除第3年大幅下降外,基本保持稳定。就扬黄灌区土壤有机碳的变化格局而言,其相对快速而不稳定的变化主要体现在较小的年尺度上;代尺度上土壤总有机碳和活性有机碳含量则以一种相对平缓、渐进的方式不断推进其演变进程,直到35 a左右才开始出现显著增长。而有机碳化学稳定性则表现出与时间尺度无关的不变性。     

Soils of the Lena-Angara Plateau in the area of the Kovykta gas condensate field

It is shown that soil-forming rocks—red calcareous silicate Lower Ordovician and Upper Cambrian deposits—play the leading role in the formation of unique long lastingly frozen mountainous taiga soils of Central Siberia. The functional role of the litter horizon forming under dark coniferous forests is analyzed. This horizon is sensitive to the bioclimatic factor. The genetic specificity of the predominating prepodzolic soils, podburs, soddy burozems, and soddy-calcareous soils and of the locally forming shallow pink-colored podzols is shown.     

黄土高原河龙区间最大日雨量(PMP)极值拟合及时空演变特征

黄土高原河龙区间暴雨可以造成极为严重的土壤侵蚀。为了探究河龙区间暴雨重现期的分布及变化规律,利用河龙区间及毗邻地区24个气象站点1957—2009年日降雨数据,分别用Gumbel分布和GEV分布模拟最大日雨量辨析这两种拟合方法的适用性,在此基础上,分析降雨极端事件的时空演变特征。结果表明:(1)对于短重现期(≤10a),两种分布模拟值最大日雨量(PMP)值相差较小;而在长重现期(≥20a)的水平上,GEV模拟精度较高。但若站点出现几次大暴雨且雨量相近的情况下,Gumbel模拟精度高于GEV模拟精度。(2)结合GEV分布和Gumbel分布,对河龙区间各站点的最大日雨量进行模拟。河龙区间2a,5a,10a,20a,50a,100a重现期的PMP分别介于40～70,50～85,60～100,70～110,85～130,95～150mm。河龙区间各重现期的最大日雨量的高值中心均分布在南部延河流域和西北部窟野河流域,而低值中心在西部横山以西和东北部偏关河以北地区。用3个时段数据(1950s—1960s,1970s—1980s,1990s—2000s)估算的5个代表站的最大日雨量值差异明显,在太原、榆林两站,1950s—1960s估算的最大日雨量较大,最大日雨量呈减少趋势。而在其它3个站点,均为1970s—1980s估算的最大日雨量较大。     

Soils of northern spurs of the Cherskii Ridge in the area of the northern pole of cold: Morphology,properties, and classification

The soils in the area of the northern pole of cold located on the interfluve between the Yana and Adycha rivers within the spurs of Kisilyakh Ridge included in the mountain system of Cherskii Ridge have been studied for the first time. The profile-genetic approach has been applied to describe the soils and determine their classification position. It is found that the major soil types in this region are the soils of the postlithogenic trunk belonging to the orders of lithozems (Cryic Leptosols), gley soils (Gleyic Skeletic Cryosols), and Al–Fe-humus soils (Spodic Skeletic Cryosols). The ecological ranges of altitudinal zones— the taiga zone with various types of lithozems below 630–700 m a.s.l. and the tundra zone with combinations of gley and nongley cryogenic soils above these heights—have been established. The development of gley or nongley soils is specified by the local orogenic and lithological conditions and slope aspect, which, in turn, control the degree of drainage and the presence and character of permafrost. In the profile of mountainous gley soils (gleyzems) with shallow ice-rich permafrost, cryogenic processes and features typical of the analogues of these soils on plains—cryogenic cracking, cryoturbation, solifluction, thixotropy, oxiaquic features above permafrost, saturation of the soil profile with mobile humus, etc.—are typical.     

湘中丘陵区不同植被恢复阶段林地土壤可溶性氮组分含量和密度

以湘中丘陵区的檵木—南烛—白栎灌草丛(LVR)、檵木—杉木—白栎灌木林(LCQ)、马尾松—柯—檵木针阔混交林(PLL)、柯—红淡比—青冈常绿阔叶林(LAG)作为1个恢复序列,设置固定样地,采集土壤样品,测定土壤可溶性有机氮(SON)、铵态氮(NH_4⁺—N)、硝态氮(NO_3^-—N)含量及其密度,分析SON、NH_4⁺—N、NO_3^-—N含量与土壤黏粒、全氮(TN)、有机碳(SOC)、微生物生物量的相关性。结果表明:各土层SON、NH_4⁺—N含量随植被恢复而增加,与LVR相比,LAG、PLL、LCQ 0—40 cm土层SON含量分别增加225.78%,121.22%,54.73%,NH_4⁺—N分别增加22.10%,14.74%,7.80%;而各土层NO_3^-—N含量随植被恢复先下降再增加,LAG各土层NO_3^-—N含量最高,LCQ最低;0—40 cm土壤层SON、NH_4⁺—N密度分别为143.82~528.12,55.73~65.57 kg/hm²,与LVR相比,LAG、PLL、LCQ土壤SON密度分别增加267.20%,98.40%,86.30%,NH_4⁺—N密度分别增加17.70%,7.90%和11.60%;0—40 cm土壤层NO_3^-—N密度为22.91~25.87 kg/hm²,与LVR相比,LAG增加13.16%;SON、NH_4⁺—N密度各阶段间的增长速率呈快—慢—快的特征,而NO_3^-—N呈慢—慢—快的特征;土壤理化性质和微生物生物量对SON、NH_4⁺—N的影响大于NO_3^-—N,表明植被恢复有利于土壤N养分积累,提高土壤可溶性氮组分的含量和密度,增加土壤N的可利用性。