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The scheme and practice for construct of intelligent agricultural information network are descibed . With Internet form, we set up the computer network of Intelligent Information Technology of Agriculture in Demonstration Section of Chongqing, discussed the design method of expert system in agriculture, and studied 5 expert systems based on vegetable growth, such as tomato and so on. Some software modules are studied, such as the soil information systems on the network, expert system in the vegetable plant diseases and insect pests diagnostician and network on line selling and so on. The structure,function and work flow of information service system based network are introduced. 相似文献
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专家系统是一种模拟人类专家解决领域问题的计算机系统,它主要分为知识库、综合数据库、推理机、解释器、接口等几部分。现今,国内果树专家系统的应用类型主要分为果树栽培生产专家系统和果树营养、病虫害诊断防治决策系统两类;在果树专家系统上的应用研究最多的计算机理论主要是:人工神经网络、模糊神经网络、多媒体技术、Web技术等;果树专家系统的开发手段主要是利用现成的农业专家系统平台直接进行二次开发,还有少数是直接利用程序语言进行原型系统开发。今后随着信息技术的不断发展,利用果树学的特点结合先进的计算机理论和技术,将开发出动态的、更具智能化的果树专家系统。 相似文献
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为进行柑橘病虫害的机器识别,提出了柑橘病虫害为害状特征的复杂性测度表达与病虫害识别方法。首先,对柑橘病虫害为害状主要色调区间[0,120°]进行长度为1°的等分割,形成120个色调子区间;其次,统计各色调子区间像素分布密度,以此作为柑橘病虫害为害状复杂性测度的结构性序列;再次,依据此结构性序列计算病虫害为害状统计复杂性测度,并将其作为病虫害特征值;最后,将Shannon信息熵和统计复杂性测度作为输入变量建立3层前馈神经网络柑橘病虫害识别模型来识别柑橘病虫害。柑橘蓟马、褐圆蚧、柑橘树脂病、糠片蚧各30个测试标本最低正确识别率、最高正确识别率、平均正确识别率分别为93.3%、96.7%、95%。试验结果表明,柑橘病虫害为害状的复杂性测度较充分地表达了柑橘病虫害的典型特征,能用此方法进行柑橘病虫害识别。 相似文献
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甘蔗是我国主要的糖料作物,病虫害是甘蔗生产的最大威胁。近年来病虫害在云南的发生危害呈现出新的特点,主要表现为:一是常发性病虫害持续处于常发态势,二是次要病虫害上升为主要病虫害,三是病虫害混合发生,复合侵染,四是突发性危险性病虫害频发,暴发成灾。针对新特点从病源虫源、品种布局、气候条件和栽培管理等方面分析了其形成原因,提出了甘蔗病虫害绿色防控对策:一是严格执行甘蔗引种、调种检疫制度,选育推广抗病、抗虫健康种苗,二是完善甘蔗病虫害监测预警体系,提升安全科学用药水平,三是集成绿色防控技术模式,探索优化推广机制,四是建立健全应急防控机制,大力推进统防统治,五是创新科技培训机制,宣传普及植保新技术。 相似文献
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[Objective] The occurrence and development of cotton diseases and insect pests are mainly related to environmental information. Because this environmental information is various, complex and unstable, the study on the prediction methods of cotton diseases and insect pests is a certain challenge. This study aims to establish a forecasting model for the timely and accurate prediction of cotton diseases and insect pests. [Method] A forecasting model of cotton diseases and insect pests is proposed based on environmental information and a modified Deep Belief Network (DBN) that is constructed by a three-layer restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) and a supervised back-propagation (BP) network. In the method, the RBM is used to transform the original environmental information vectors into a new feature space related to the diseases and pests; the BP network is trained to classify and forecast the features generated by the last RBM layer and two rules of dynamic learning and comparison and dispersion are adopted to accelerate the training process of RBM. The proposed model was validated on a dataset of cotton bollworm, aphids, spider, cotton Verticillium wilt, and Fusarium wilt in a recent six-year period. [Result] Compared with the traditional prediction models of cotton diseases and insect pests, the proposed model can deeply explore the extensive correlation between the occurrence of cotton diseases and pests and environmental information. The results show that the proposed model has a higher accuracy compared with the classical predictive models, and the average forecasting accuracy is above 83%. [Conclusion] The proposed method is an effective crop disease and pest forecasting method that can provide a technical support for preventing cotton disease and insect pests. 相似文献
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为掌握云南荔枝病虫害发生种类及主要病虫害发生规律,精准防控荔枝病虫害,于2019—2021年在云南省5个荔枝主栽区采用实地调查、专题调研的方法,全面调查荔枝病虫害种类及为害情况,并用圆形分布统计方法对主要病虫害发生规律进行分析。结果表明,云南省荔枝常见病害7种,以荔枝霜疫霉病、荔枝炭疽病和荔枝叶斑病为害为主;虫害31种,以荔枝蒂蛀虫、荔枝蝽、吸果夜蛾类为害为主。5—8月是荔枝蒂蛀虫、荔枝霜疫霉病、吸果夜蛾类害虫和荔枝蝽集中发生时期,4—9月是荔枝炭疽病集中发生时期,3—9月是荔枝叶斑病集中发生时期。目前,3—9月是云南荔枝主要病虫害集中发生时期,该时期是云南荔枝病虫害防治关键时期。 相似文献
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长江农场水稻病虫害综合防治系统研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
摘 要:为提高上海长江农场水稻病虫害防治水平和管理人员工作效率,节省人力物力,构建了长江农场水稻病虫害综合防治系统。系统以.NET 2.0为开发平台,以SQL SERVER 2000为数据库管理系统,合理设计系统框架,实现了用户需要的各种功能。本研究结合上海市长江农场水稻病虫害防治实际需求,首先对水稻病虫害数据进行常规采集,在数据采集的基础上对病虫害的发生进行预测和预警,在发现病虫害症状时可以进行诊断,并根据诊断结果提供防治建议和方案,构建了一个采集—预测—诊断—防治一体化的水稻病虫害综合防治平台。系统基于B/S模式构建,较好的解决了长江农场水稻生产中的病虫害防治问题。 相似文献
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黄土高原丘陵区红枣主要病虫害调查及预测 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
笔者调查了近年来危害黄土高原丘陵区红枣的主要病虫害种类,总结了黄土高原丘陵区5种枣树主要病虫害暴发流行的气象条件,建立了枣锈病和枣桃小食心虫的气候预测模型。用佳县近34年的气象观测资料对模型进行检验。结果显示:2个预测模型计算的发病指数所指示的不同等级病虫害发生概率与实际基本相符;典型灾害年份指数值大小分布与实际灾情轻重程度吻合。所建2种病虫害预测模型可用来预测黄土高原枣区2种主要病虫害的暴发流行程度,为防灾减灾工作的及时部署和开展提供参考依据。 相似文献
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新耕作制度下河北省冬小麦病虫草害发生状况的研究 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:4
为明确新耕作制度下河北省冬小麦病虫草害发生状况。通过对河北省山前平原、黑龙港和冀东平原32个点进行监测及农户问卷普查,分析了冬小麦主要病虫草害种类、发生特点和变化原因。结果表明:新耕作制度下,河北省麦田主要病虫草害分别高达15、20、21种,其中白粉病、纹枯病、赤霉病、蚜虫、麦蜘蛛和吸浆虫等为主要病虫,杂草以播娘蒿为主。麦田病虫草害发生特点为部分次要病虫害上升为主要病虫害、杂草种类变化复杂、部分病虫危害呈北移东扩趋势和小麦玉米连带受害现象突出等。综合分析其原因为新耕作制度的实行保护了病虫草害的栖息地,提高了有害生物的危害基数,加速了病虫草害在不同地区、地块的传播等。另外,气候变暖和抗病品种缺乏也是影响小麦病虫草害发生的重要因素。 相似文献
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为提高农业专家系统的工作效率和使用效果,促进其普及应用,对无线通信网络应用于农业专家系统进行探讨,设计基于3G网络的可视化病虫害系统,用户可通过手机终端访问系统,传送病虫害特征信息,在线获取病虫害防治解决方案。结果表明该系统具有良好的普适性,为果树栽培管理提供了技术支撑工具。 相似文献
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Summary Mungbean is an important source of vegetable protein for the growing population in many developing countries of South East Asia. Its production is limited due to its susceptibility to diseases and insect pests besides many other undesirable agronomic traits. Strategies for increasing and stabilising its production have been to develop varieties resistant to diseases, pests and with other desirable agronomic traits. Genetic improvement of this crop by classical breeding has met with limited success due to the lack of sufficient and satisfactory level of genetic variability within germplasm. Recent advances in biotechnology have offered the opportunity to develop new germplasms. The development of such technologies largely depends on efficient regeneration of sexually mature plants from organs, tissues and protoplasts. An overview of plant regeneration by direct or indirect organogenesis and embryogenesis is presented. The use of in vitro and molecular techniques such as somaclonal variation, screening for various desirable traits, interspecific crossing and genetic transformation to supplement conventional breeding, for genetic improvement of this crop is described. The advantages and limitations of these techniques along with directions for future research are discussed. 相似文献
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农业生产突发事件危害度评价研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
农业生产污染突发事件时有发生,致使农田土壤、农用水域、农区大气等受到污染,农业生产受到损害。为了及时采取适当的措施处置突发事件,必须首先对农业生产突发事件危害度进行评价,目前对农业生态系统突发事件的定量评价仍处于摸索研究阶段。此文通过构建农业生产突发事件的评价指标,采用层次分析法和模糊数学建立四类突发事件(病虫害、过量使用农业投入品、危化品泄露、气象自然灾害)的危害度评价模型,综合评价突发事件危害度,该模型考虑了农业生产突发事件的爆发性和处置有效性,能为突发事件的及时决策和实时处理提供技术支持。 相似文献