武汉市蔡甸区消泗乡实现玉米油菜生产全程机械化

武汉市蔡甸区渔樵农机服务专业合作社于2008年8月注册成立,是一个覆盖全乡的区域性合作社,消泗乡主要种植品种为玉米、大小麦和黄豆、油菜等粮食和经济作物,合作社主要提供机械耕整、机械播种、机械收割、秸秆还田等农机作业服务。合作社现有社员90人,拥有农业机械91台(套),其中大中型拖拉机52台(套),联合收割机39台,农机总动力达5472kW;有机库200㎡、场院     

新型农机春耕生产显神功

3月14日，河南省焦作市心连心农机合作社两台新型植保机械在给小麦喷化学除草剂。近年来，质优高效的农业机械越来越受到焦作市农机合作社的欢迎。今年开春，心连心农机合作社一次投入1万余元购置了两台自走式植保机械。这种机械单机作业量达200亩，是人工背负式植保机械作业量的10倍多。据了解，这种新型植保机械投入生产以来，受到广大农民群众的热烈欢迎。在不到一周的时间里已经作业3000余亩。     

勤耕铺就致富路——勤耕农机专业合作社发展纪实

<正>青岛市勤耕农机专业合作社位于黄岛区大场镇,成立于2008年,现有社员110人,各类机械2 000余台(套),售后服务车5台,农机维修车间1 000多m2,办公和培训教室360 m2,固定资产2 000多万元。合作社装备精良、服务周到、管理规范,凭借着技术过硬及擅长在丘陵地区作业的特长,为广大农户提供服务,使农民们安心在外打工,种地更轻松,机手们驾机驶上了致富路,社员人均年收入10万余     

突出服务抓流转 规范管理上台阶——南漳县瑞之丰农机专业合作社发展纪实

南漳县瑞之丰农机专业合作社(以下简称"该社")又称南漳县临瑞农作物种植专业合作社,属一套班子,两块牌子。正式注册成立于2012年5月,现有社员8人,网络农户350户。合作社成立后,投资6万元租下了镇上的一家粮站,投资40万元建起了一栋4间3层的办公楼。并购买各类农业机械70台:其中联合收割机7台,大中型拖拉机7台,插秧机28台,其中乘座式插秧机1台,播种机6台,办公车辆1台,其它机械20台,固定资产200多万元。同时,根据群众自愿的原则,采取租赁、承包、代     

农机合作社华丽转身走出“民权模式”

寒风送冬至,农闲胜农忙。2014年12月21日,笔者见到"老农机"金业民时,他正在他的"恒丰农机专业合作社"里和社员一起维修保养农机具。"我们合作社社员已经发展到200人,各式农机具保有量达到130多台(套),托管流转土地4500亩。这不,趁着农闲赶紧保养调试一遍,来年这些‘铁家伙’就要大展身手了!"金业民笑着向笔者介绍。老金和他的恒丰农机专业合作社是当地有名的"田保姆"。如     

为了鄱湖大地的丰收——记新建县恒伟农机服务专业合作社理事长张恒伟

<正>新建县恒伟农机服务专业合作社坐落在秀美的鄱阳湖畔,位于南昌市北郊恒湖垦殖场,创建于2009年。该合作社集农机维修、工厂化育秧、农机作业一体化经营模式。从最初的五户组成小规模的农户机械合作形式的服务队伍,发展成为现在拥有156户社员,其中管理人员27名,农机手129名,拥有农业现代化机械300余台套的专业服务合作社。其中:高速插秧机26台、手扶式插秧机63台、大中型拖拉机38台、     

安次区富民农业机械合作社

<正>廊坊市富民农业机械专业合作社成立于2008年,目前拥有固定资产1100余万元,成员109户,农机122台(套),其中大型农机82台。2013年,获得了"全国农机合作社示范社"荣誉称号。合作社制订了《合作社章程》、《合作社日常管理制度》等规章制度,实现规范化管理。一是实行自愿入社、退社自由的原则,谋求全体成员的共同利益;二是实行理事会制度;三是合作社管理、培训、作业质量等多方面严格按照规章;四是现金管理实行账款分管制度。实行"单车核算、分别     

哈尔滨市农机合作社建设的成功实践

为掌握农机合作社的发展现状,引导农机合作社健康有序发展,黑龙江省哈尔滨市农机局与哈尔滨市农机推广总站,于2010年5月对全市农机作业合作社建设情况进行了一次专题调研。据调查,哈尔滨市现农机作业合作社126个,总投资21370万元,机具总台数2368台(套),拖拉机     

5年时间 0.72万hm2平原地区彻底消灭耕牛

武汉市蔡甸区洪北农机服务专业合作社为无牛耕区建设起到了划时代的示范作用。该合作社位于蔡甸区洪北民垸内,于2007年7月在区工商分局注册成立,现有社员32人,拥有各类农业机械48台(套),其中大中型拖拉机27台(套),自走式玉米联合收割机15台,半喂入式联合收割机2台,全喂入式联合收割机4台,农机总动力达2608kW,有1800㎡场院和450㎡综合楼(办公、培训、零配件门市部)一栋,固定资产达552.7万元,服务范     

长兴农机“三服务”保春耕

正值春耕备耕之际,近日,浙江省长兴县农机部门工作人员走村入户查看农机合作社和农机大户农机春耕备耕情况,向农机手宣传农机春耕备耕相关知识及注意事项,免费提供农机检修保养服务,精准开展“三服务”活动。全县派出3支农机维修小分队全面检查调试、维护保养和检修即将投入使用的农机具,确保以良好的机车技术状态,保证春耕生产顺利完成。截至目前共出动检修人员30多人次,检修各类农机具200多台(套),为春耕生产圆满完成提供有力服务保障。     

化探样品中微量元素Ag、W、Mo、Sn、Bi、Cu、Pb、Zn、Ni、Co、Cr的水平撒料光谱定量分析

针对化探样品批量大,元素多,检出限低等特点,采用水平电极撒料法,对化探样中多种微量元素进行了光谱定量分析.将样品与缓冲剂1:1混匀,采用W-100光栅摄谱仪(光栅刻线1200条/毫米,二级光谱)进行水平撒样摄谱,谱板经暗室处理后,在东德GFE760μ测微光度计上用P标尺测光,以△P-logc绘制工作曲线,查出含量.本法采用了特制的撒样漏斗,改善了下料的均匀性,提高了分析精度;以Ge和Pd作内标消除工作条件变化对谱线强度的影响;同时还试选了SiO2:C:Na2SO4＝61:30:9的混合物作缓冲剂,提高了弧烧的稳定性,获得了较高的再现性.本文还采用了一种单元素线减光器对Ag3382.9进行减光,使Ag的测定上限由5×10-6提高到30×10-6.本法操作简便快速,成本较低,一次可测定Ag、W、Mo、Sn、Bi、Cu、Pb、Zn、Ni、Co、Cr等多种元素,检出限为Ag 0.03×10-6,W 0.5×10-6,Mo0.05×10-6,Sn 0.4×10-6,Pb 1×10-6,Zn 3×10-6,Cu 0.5×10-6,Bi 0.1×10-6,Ni 0.3×10-6,Co 0.3×10-6,Cr 1×10-6,基本上达到了化探普查找矿定量分析的要求.     

2010年世界健康食品展望

当前,中国粮油企业的生存与发展已与世界粮油经济的发展息息相关。无论是粮油企业全面亏损的2004年,还是粮油价格大起大落的2008年,世界其他各国粮油政策和价格的变化均对中国的粮油产业发展造成了很大的影响。全面了解国际粮油发展新动向、掌握世界粮油食品发展新方向,从宏观上为企业找到准确定位,是每位粮油企业家、每位粮油人都必须具备的。正所谓知己知彼,百战不殆,希望以下这些国际前沿信息能为您带来收获。     

王水消解法同时测定土壤中Cu,Zn,Ni,Cr,Pb,Cd的方法研究

为了快速、准确地检测土壤中多种重金属元素,建立一种王水消解同时测定土壤中Cu,Zn,Ni,Cr,Pb,Cd的方法.选取8种具有广泛代表性的土壤标准物质对王水消解法进行考察,结合土壤标准物质标准值,通过大量试验数据对该方法做出全面评价.     

冀、鲁、豫、苏、皖五省农机夏收跨区作业调研报告

农机跨区作业是我国农民自发进行的又一项伟大的制度创新,为促进我国农业机械化发展做出了重要的贡献.为此,采用问卷调查法、文献资料法和数理统计法,对冀、鲁、豫、苏、皖等省505户参与跨区作业的农机大户进行了问卷调查.以问卷数据为基础,分析了农机大户的自身特征和经营状况,并总结了影响跨农机大户参与跨区作业的主要因素,最后提出了相应的对策建议.     

Advection,evaporation, and surface resistance

Summary We study the effect of surface resistance r (whether of monolayers on free water or plant diffusive resistance) on evaporation rate, energy balance, and microclimate, under advective conditions. We use power-law representations of the vertical profiles of mean windspeed and eddy diffusivity, and exploit two known similarity solutions, one for a step-function change of surface concentration, and the other for a step-function change of surface flux density. To a very close approximation, these two contrasting canonical advective problems yield the same (spatially variable) boundary layer transfer coefficient expressing the ratio of the surface flux perturbation to the surface concentration perturbation. Adopting this coefficient reduces the (spatially variable) surface energy balance for the advective boundary layer with surface resistance to a quadratic equation, with the solution yielding the fetch distances x at which the surface temperature assumes a given value To. With To (x) established thus, the other significant properties of the boundary layer follow simply and directly.The results reveal the profound influence of r, especially at small x. As boundary layer atmospheric resistance increases with x, r becomes relatively less important. It can be regarded as primarily reducing advective effects. Antievaporation films thus work best on small water surfaces in arid surroundings, but are less effective the larger the water body and the moister the surrounds. If leaf temperatures are not limiting, increasing r has greatest effect for small vegetated areas in an arid environment, but may not be optimal for extensive continuous monocultures. Control of surface resistance offers means of manipulating microclimate, for example when arid landscapes are watered for this purpose. The exploratory nature of this investigation, and its many limitations, are stressed.     

一株中温厌氧纤维素降解细菌的分离、鉴定及其系统发育分析

以树中心湿木为样品,富集分离获得一株具有较强纤维素分解能力的中温厌氧纤维素降解细菌CSZM-6.分离菌株革兰氏染色阴性,直杆或稍弯曲杆状,多数单生,少数成对或成串,部分菌体产芽孢.菌体大小为0.5μm×1.7～2.6μm,严格厌氧,最适生长温度40℃,最适pH6.5,以葡萄糖为底物时倍增时间8.0h.分离菌株在纤维素粉固体培养基中培养3周后,菌落为圆形或不规则形状,产黄色素,直径为0.5～4.0mm,水解圈直径为2.0～18.0mm.分离菌株不仅能利用纤维素、纤维二糖、葡萄糖等碳水化合物,还能利用未经处理的报纸、水稻秸秆、麦秆.发酵纤维素产乙醇、乙酸、H2、CO2、甲酸、丙酸、乳酸.在菌株CSZM-6的纤维素酶系中,只存在外切-β-1,4-葡聚糖酶(C1酶)和内切-β-1,4-葡聚糖酶(Cx酶)两种组分,最适温度分别为40℃和45℃.通过16SrDNA序列分析表明,菌株CSZM-6为梭菌属Clostridium,与C. papyrosolvens具有99.6%的相似性.     

The FARMSCAPE approach to decision support: farmers', advisers', researchers' monitoring,simulation, communication and performance evaluation

FARMSCAPE (Farmers', Advisers', Researchers', Monitoring, Simulation, Communication And Performance Evaluation) is a program of participatory research with the farming community of northeast Australia. It initially involved research to explore whether farmers and their advisers could gain benefit from tools such as soil characterisation and sampling, climate forecasts and, in particular, simulation modelling. Its current focus is facilitating the implementation of commercial delivery systems for these same tools in order to meet industry demand for their access. This paper presents the story of what was done over the past decade, it provides performance indicators of impact, it reflects on what was learnt over this period and it outlines where this research is likely to head in the future.Over the past 10 years, the FARMSCAPE team employed a Participatory Action Research approach to explore whether farmers could value simulation as a decision support tool for managing their farming system and if so, could it be delivered cost-effectively. Through farmer group engagement, on-farm trials, soil characterisation, monitoring of crops, soils and climate, and sessions to apply the APSIM systems simulator, FARMSCAPE represented a research program on decision support intervention. Initial scepticism by farmers and commercial consultants about the value of APSIM was addressed by testing its performance both against measured data from on-farm trials and against farmers' experiences with past commercial crops. Once this credibility check was passed, simulation sessions usually evolved into participants interactively inquiring of the model the consequence of alternative management options. These ‘What if’ questions using APSIM were contextualised using local climate and soil data and the farmer's actual or proposed management rules.The active participation of farmers and their advisers, and working in the context of their own farming operations, were the key ingredients in the design, implementation and interpretation of the FARMSCAPE approach to decision support. The attraction of the APSIM systems simulator to farmers contemplating change was that it allowed them to explore their own system in a manner equivalent to learning from experience. To achieve this, APSIM had to be credible and flexible. While direct engagement of farmers initially enabled only a limited number of beneficiaries, this approach generated a commercial market for timely and high quality interactions based on soil monitoring and simulation amongst a significant sector of the farming community. Current efforts are therefore focused on the training, support and accreditation of commercial agronomists in the application of the FARMSCAPE approach and tools.The FARMSCAPE approach to decision support has come to represent an approach to guiding science-based engagement with farm decision making which is being tested nationally and internationally.