不同嫁接方法对西瓜嫁接工效、嫁接苗生长和果实品质的影响

以西瓜为材料,比较了西瓜工厂化嫁接育苗中插接和断根嫁接2种嫁接方法对嫁接工效、嫁接苗生长和果实品质的影响。试验结果表明,断根嫁接速率快,工效显著高于插接,嫁接苗成活率高,根冠比和根系活力较高,幼苗质量显著优于插接苗,可作为一种高效的嫁接方法在西瓜嫁接苗工厂化生产中广泛推广和应用,而且2种嫁接苗在植株生长和果实品质上没有显著的差异。     

不同砧木品种对嫁接西瓜生长、产量和品质的影响

采用南瓜、瓠瓜和野生西瓜作砧木,早佳(84-24)西瓜为接穗,对大棚生产条件下不同砧木嫁接的西瓜嫁接苗成活率、植株生长、产量、果实品质等性状进行分析比较.结果表明,3种不同类型砧木中,瓠瓜砧木的嫁接西瓜成活率和果实品质表现较好,但南瓜砧木和野生西瓜砧木的嫁接西瓜在大棚生产条件下不易发生急性凋萎和早衰,总产量高于自根苗和瓠瓜嫁接西瓜.     

4种嫁接方法对西瓜嫁接植株生长与果实品质的影响

对比一般嫁接、断根嫁接、靠接、劈接等4种嫁接方法对西瓜嫁接工效、成活率、成苗率、嫁接植株生长情况和果实品质、产量的影响,结果表明,断根嫁接的嫁接工效、整齐度、商品性、根系活力等指标均极显著高于其他3种嫁接方法(P0.01,下同),可作为一种高效的嫁接方法在西瓜嫁接苗工厂化生产中广泛推广应用。     

嫁接砧木对小果型西瓜生长、产量和品质的影响

为了筛选出适合浙江地区小果型西瓜嫁接的砧木良种,选取了2种类型6份砧木品种进行了小果型西瓜嫁接栽培试验.综合考察不同类型砧木品种对小果型西瓜的嫁接成活率、嫁接苗的植株长势和和嫁接对接穗果实品质及产量的影响,结果表明：甬砧5号嫁接成活率为98％,嫁接成活率高,亲和力好,高抗枯萎病,长势稳健,比自根苗增产25.2％,接穗果实品质无影响,筛选出了适宜浙江地区小果型西瓜嫁接栽培的砧木品种.     

小果型西瓜最佳嫁接方法筛选试验

为了筛选小果型西瓜最佳嫁接方法,对小果型西瓜5种嫁接方法在嫁接工效、田间长势、果实品质和667 m2产量及效益方面进行综合比较。结果表明,在营养钵育苗的条件下贴接法的嫁接工效高,长势较好,果实品质好,667 m2产量和效益在5种嫁接方法中占优势;顶插接法综合表现仅次于贴接法,贴接法和顶插接法应作为西瓜向集约化育苗方向发展主要推广的嫁接方法;劈接法和靠接法的嫁接工效低,断根嫁接法的嫁接苗成活率最低,不能满足北京地区小果型西瓜的育苗发展现状。因此,小果型西瓜最佳嫁接方法为贴接法。     

西瓜嫁接栽培防病增产效果研究

以瓠瓜为砧木,庆红宝西瓜为接穗,采用不同嫁接方法和育苗方法,研究了嫁接对西瓜幼苗和植株生物学特性及对枯萎病抗性、产量、品质的影响。结果表明,4种嫁接方法都有较强的亲和性,在无土育苗条件下,嫁接苗成活率均在95%以上,田间防效达到95.4%以上,无土育苗嫁接比有土育苗嫁接效果好。嫁接西瓜比自根西瓜增产75.9%～112.3%,增产效果主要表现在后期产量上。     

不同砧木对西瓜两茬果应用效果的比较

以早熟优质小型西瓜L600为接穗,南瓜砧京欣砧4号、冬瓜砧1号、葫芦砧砧力1号和京欣砧1号(CK)为砧木,研究4种砧木对西瓜嫁接后嫁接苗成活率、生长势、产量和品质等方面的影响。结果表明:综合分析植株耐热性、两茬果产量、果实性状和品质等指标,冬瓜砧1号热害指数低,两茬果产量较高,为5232.0kg·(667m2)-1,第1茬和第2茬果中心、边部可溶性固形物均高于对照,嫁接后西瓜果实的瓤质脆,风味口感优,品质较好,是提高西瓜耐热性较理想的砧木材料。     

不同砧木嫁接西瓜品比试验

以9种西瓜砧木("海砧1号"、"昌砧力士、"先正达白籽、"雪中甲"、"铁木真"、"刚健1号"、"普通小籽"、"南湘白籽"、"新1号"自根苗,对应编号为A1、A2、A3、A4、A5、A6、A7、A8(CK1)、A9(CK2))为试材,调查嫁接苗及实生苗生育状况、病害状况、果实品质及其产量差异,以期筛选适宜的西瓜嫁接砧木。结果表明:嫁接显著增加了叶面积和产量(P0.05)、主蔓更长、果皮厚度更大、果皮硬度提高并改变了果实形状和风味,但略延迟开花和采收;嫁接能减小西瓜枯萎病和细菌性角斑病发生几率。虽然A8(CK1)嫁接成苗率最高且嫁接苗长势强健,但就单果重、果实品质和抗病性等指标综合考虑,A1优于实生苗和其它砧木,最适于用作海南西瓜嫁接,A6产量高、抗病性较好,也适合海南西瓜嫁接。     

西瓜嫁接栽培防病增产效果研究

以瓠瓜为砧木，庆红宝西瓜为接穗，采用不同嫁接方法和育苗方法，研究了嫁接对西瓜幼苗和植株生物学特性及对枯萎病抗性、产量、品质的影响。结果表明，4种嫁接方法都有较强的亲和性，在无土育苗条件下，嫁接苗成活率均在95％以上，田间防效达到95．4％以上，无土育苗嫁接比有土育苗嫁接效果好。嫁接西瓜比自根西瓜增产75．9％～112.3％，增产效果主要表现在后期产量上。     

开封市西瓜嫁接栽培现状与产业化发展

西瓜嫁接栽培可防治枯萎病,缩短轮作年限,显著提高西瓜产量。在开封西瓜产区嫁接栽培较普遍,嫁接苗的市场需求量大,进行嫁接苗的工厂化生产、产业化运作,对提升"汴梁西瓜"的整体经济效益具有积极意义。     

氮磷钾硼肥配施对青花菜养分吸收分配及产量和品质的影响

研究了不施肥处理,氮磷钾配施和增施硼肥对青花菜养分吸收分配及产量和品质的影响。结果表明,现蕾期至花球膨大期,青花菜对氮、磷、钾的吸收量最大,整个生长期对钾的吸收最多,氮次之,磷最少。氮磷钾主要分配在叶片中,现蕾后逐渐向花球转移,从现蕾到采收时,叶片中氮、磷、钾分配率分别降低了19.6%、10%和9.0%,花球中氮磷钾分配率分别提高了23.1%、15.9%和11.1%。不施氮、磷、钾肥显著降低了花球产量、维生素C含量和成品率,增施硼肥处理的花球成品率较氮磷钾肥处理提高了4.8%,不施氮肥和钾硫肥(K₂SO₄)显著降低了花球中的硫代葡萄糖苷含量。相关性分析表明,青花菜产量与植株内氮、钾积累量显著正相关,成品率与植株内磷营养显著正相关。     

江汉平原麦瓜棉菜一年四熟栽培技术

江汉平原是国家优质粮食、优质棉花和双低油菜重要生产基地,也是湖北省西瓜主产区。种植西瓜对增加农民收入、丰富市场、发展农村经济、提高土地利用率具有重要作用。江汉平原西瓜生产的突出特点是间作套种,早在20世纪70年代就推广了“麦／／瓜-稻”这种水旱、粮经作物配套种植的优化模式．并获得原荆州地区科技进步二等奖。由于西瓜间作套种提高了单位面积的经济效益、     

Up-regulation of mRNA expressions of fas,bcl-2, bim,bax, caspase-3, caspase-9, and bcl2l12 in K562 treated with bortezomib

AIM: To detect the treatment of K562 leukemia cells with bortezomib altering the expression of genes fas, bcl-2, bcl2l12, bim, bax, caspase-9 and caspase-3.METHODS: MTT assay was used to detect the inhibition of proliferation. Apoptosis was detected by Annexin-V staining and mitochondrial transmembrane potential (Δψm). RT-PCR was used to analyze the mRNA expressions of fas, bcl-2, bcl2l12, bim, bax, caspase-3 and caspase-9.RESULTS: Bortezomib caused a time- and dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation and IC50 of 24 h and 48 h were 161.41 nmol/L and 96.33 nmol/L, respectively. At the concentration of 104 nmol/L, bortezomib induced apoptosis in a time-dependent manner, including increasing annexin-V positivity and decreasing the Δψm. RT-PCR showed that bortezomib up-regulated the mRNA expression of fas, bcl2l12, caspase-9 and caspase-3, but mRNA expressions of bcl-2, bim and bax did not changed obviously.CONCLUSION: Bortezomib inhibits the proliferation of K562 and induces apoptosis, in which fas, bcl2l12, caspase-9 or caspase-3 gene is one of the main genes taking part in.     

Comparison of yield,fruit quality,antioxidant activity,and some phenolic compounds of white seedless grape obtained from organic,conventional, and integrated fertilization

The aim of this research was to determine the effect of three different fertilizing systems, including organic, conventional, and integrated ones, on the yield, fruit quality, antioxidant activity, and some phenolic compounds of white seedless grape. The study was carried out on several 6-year-old white seedless grapevine located in the Urmia Province (North-West Iran). The results showed that the fruit physical characteristics and yield were affected significantly by different fertilization systems. The highest yield was observed in the conventional fertilization, followed by organic and integrated systems. The leaf mineral contents were obviously dependent on the different fertilization used, whereas pH and titratable acidity were not affected. Based on our results, the highest values of antioxidant activity and total flavonoid were found in the organic and integrated fertilization systems, respectively. Also, the highest contents of total phenolic, catechin, and quercetin-3-galactoside were observed in the organic fertilization system. Overall, the highest nutritional quality and biochemical characteristics of white seedless grape were obtained in organic fertilization system, which improved antioxidant capacity by enhancing total phenolics, total flavonoids and valuable phenolic compounds.     

Climatic, landform, microtopographic, and overstory canopy controls of tree invasion in a subalpine meadow landscape, Oregon Cascades, USA

Tree invasions have been documented throughout Northern Hemisphere high elevation meadows, as well as globally in many grass and forb-dominated ecosystems. Tree invasions are often associated with large-scale changes in climate or disturbance regimes, but are fundamentally driven by regeneration processes influenced by interactions between climatic, topographic, and biotic factors at multiple spatial scales. The purpose of this research was to quantify spatiotemporal patterns of meadow invasion; and how climate, larger landforms, topography, and overstory trees have interactively influenced tree invasion. We combined airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) characterizations of landforms, topography, and overstory vegetation with historical climate, field measurements of snow depth, tree abundance, and tree ages to reconstruct spatial and temporal patterns of tree invasion over five decades in a subalpine meadow complex in the Oregon Cascade Range, USA. Proportion of meadow occupied by trees increased from 8?% in 1950 to 35?% in 2007. Larger landforms, topography, and tree canopies interactively mediated regional climatic controls of tree invasion by modifying depth and persistence of snow pack, while tree canopies also influenced seed source availability. Landscape context played an important role mediating snow depth and tree invasion; on glacial landforms tree invasion was negatively associated with spring snowfall, but on debris flows tree invasion was not associated with snow fall. The importance of snow, uncertain climate change impacts on snow, and mediation of snow by interacting and context dependent factors in complex mountain terrain poses substantial hurdles for understanding how these ecotones may respond to future climate conditions.     

中国''''99昆明世界园艺博览会蔬菜瓜果园

蔬菜瓜果园作为中国’99昆明世界园艺博览会六大专题展园之一 ,占地 4 90 0ｍ2 。园内以农舍草屋为中心 ,通过瓜架、篱笆、草亭及蔬菜瓜果栽培 ,构出一幅农家乐园式的田园风光。另外 ,通过集中展示中国蔬菜瓜果的科技生产水平 ,丰富的资源优势 ,色彩缤纷、新奇别致的蔬菜瓜果品种 ,来突出本次世博会的主题“人与自然 ,和谐发展———迈向 2 1世纪” ,从而展现“蔬菜瓜果园艺是人类赖以生存的重要食源和艺术”为主题思想的蔬菜瓜果园内涵。　　蔬菜瓜果园位于世博园主入口世博大道南侧 ,与盆景园、药草园相邻。在总体布局、栽培上充分运用园…     

Some responses of cucumber,grown in beds of peat,to N,K and Mg

Two levels of N and four levels of K, applied to beds of sphagnum peat before planting (Experiment A), were tested in factorial combination with three concentrations of N (50, 175 and 300 mg 1^-1) and two of K (50 and 250 mg T1) in the liquid feed. In three cucumber crops grown, Mg was supplied or omitted before planting as a split plot factor (96 subplots). In two further crops (Experiment B), grown in fresh peat, six concentrations of N (20-320 mg 1^-1) were tested in the liquid feed, all other nutrient levels being constant. In Experiment A, the early yield was reduced by low and high levels of N. The main effect of N on the final yield was not significant, but maximum yield was achieved with 175-300 mg 1^-1 N in the liquid feed where the peat received a small amount of ureaformaldehyde (15 g m“2) and Mg fertilizer. The N x Mg interaction became increasingly marked with successive crops; the loss in yield due to Mg deficiency (<31%) increased with the amount of N applied. K deficiency reduced the yield by up to 66%, and very high levels of K also tended to decrease the yield. The K x Mg interaction became more marked with time and the loss in yield due to Mg deficiency (<23%) increased with the amount of K applied. Leaves from N, K and Mg deficient plants contained <2.5% N, <1.0% K and <0.28% Mg respectively. In Experiment B, where N was supplied only in the liquid feed, the highest yield was obtained at 220 mg 1^-1. The relation between yield and the total amount of N supplied in the feed was defined by a quadratic regression.     

盆景果树的发展、特点及价值

盆景果树集"艺术欣赏与果实享用"于一身。文章重点阐述盆景果树的定义、发展史与现状、分类与特点、文化和经济的双重价值等内容。     

早熟优质迷你西瓜品种玲珑王的选育

玲珑王是杂交一代西瓜新品种,早熟,全生育期100 d,果实发育期28 d.植株长势中强,低温弱光条件下坐果性好,果实商品率较高.果实椭圆形,果彤指数1.28.果皮绿底覆深绿色窄条带,皮厚约5 mm,果肉鲜红色,中心折光糖含量11.7%,肉质细脆,汁多纤维少,口感风味好.抗病性、抗逆性较强.单瓜质量1.5 kg,1 hm2产量达到33 000～58 500 kg.