利用XRD,XRF,FT-IR和Rs分析甘肃酒泉恐龙化石及围岩

采用X射线荧光光谱、X射线衍射光谱、傅里叶红外光谱和激光拉曼光谱研究了产自甘肃酒泉的白垩纪恐龙骨骼化石和围岩的元素组成、矿物结构与基团特征.结果表明:化石中主要元素为钙、磷与硫,钙磷含量比为12.3∶1,围岩中铁、硅、钙、钾和铝的含量较高;化石中钙、磷、硫含量分别是围岩的18.7,28.8,71.2倍.围岩铁、硅、钾、铝的含量分别是化石的13.6,10.2,23.7,7.3倍.酒泉恐龙化石中砷、锶含量超高,食物中毒可能是导致该地区恐龙死亡的原因.恐龙化石的主要成分为:生石膏52.6%,羟基磷灰石38.6%,方解石8.8%,围岩的主要成分是二氧化硅与钙长石.红外与拉曼光谱表明化石中存在羟基磷灰石、方解石及少量有机物,有机物存在表明化石未被完全石化,未见石膏光谱;而围岩中则为石英、文石类CaCO3和有机物.矿物成分分析表明酒泉恐龙化石初始埋藏条件应为干旱气候环境.     

大峪口公司参与编制国家标准即将实施

正本报讯近日,化学矿标准化技术委员会组织了《磷矿石和磷精矿中八种元素含量的快速测定X射线荧光光谱法》GB/T35996-2018的宣贯工作,该标准由中国石油和化学工业联合会提出,湖北大峪口化工有限责任公司参与制定。这是大峪口公司参与编写的第一部国家标准,该标准将于2018年10月1日正式实施。该标准适用于磷矿石和磷精矿中磷、镁、铁、铝、硅、钙、钾、钠八种元素含量的测定,将极大满足生     

磷石膏与沸石对酸性黄壤活性铝形态及作物营养平衡的影响

采用室内恒温培养、土壤盆栽试验和室内分析方法,研究了磷石膏与沸石对酸性黄壤活性铝形态及作物营养平衡的影响.结果表明,随磷石膏、沸石用量增加,酸性黄壤交换态铝下降35.5 %～41.0 %,羟基铝下降24.5 %;随施用时间增加,最初1个月交换态铝迅速下降,随后2～4个月呈类似正弦波的变化,羟基铝则持续缓慢下降;在11～18℃交换态铝、羟基铝下降幅度缓慢,在18～25℃交换态铝、羟基铝下降幅度加快.施用磷石膏的胡萝卜干重居前3位,是CK的3.4～5.9倍.施磷石膏胡萝卜的磷、钾、硫、钙吸收量分别比CK增加127.0 %、31.2 %、70.1 %和75.1 %,铝吸收量降低50.4 %,植株氮硫比、钾硫比、钾钙比、硫铝比和钙铝比对干重的影响达显著水平.     

青海平车前种子与花萼中矿质元素含量比较

[目的]为深入开发平车前的药用价值提供基础数据。[方法]以产于青海省的平车前种子及花萼为试材,分析比较平车前种子和花萼中的钾、钠、钙、镁、磷5种矿质元素的含量。[结果]青海平车前种子及花萼都含有丰富的矿质元素。平车前花萼中的钾、钠、钙、镁4种矿质元素的含量均高于平车前种子,磷元素的含量低于平车前种子。平车前种子和花萼中的钙元素含量相差15倍,钠元素含量相差13倍,镁元素含量相差4倍,磷元素含量相差2倍。平车前种子和花萼中的钾元素含量分别为2 039、2 910 mg/kg。[结论]青海平车前花萼相对于种子含有大量的镁、钙、钾等元素,有进一步开发利用的价值。     

雷竹叶营养元素含量与土壤养分的关系

材料采自浙江省临安市高虹乡立地条件不同的竹园。对竹叶和土壤的样品分析结果表明 ,雷竹叶氮 (N) ,磷 (P) ,钾 (K) ,钙 (Ca) ,镁 (Mg) ,铁 (Fe)和硅 (Si)的平均含量分别为 1 5 1 4g·kg- 1 ,2 33g·kg- 1 ,1 4 71g·kg- 1 ,2 92g·kg- 1 ,1 30g·kg- 1 ,0 1 3g·kg- 1和 1 8 45g·kg- 1 。 7种元素中磷含量的变异最小 ,变异系数为 5 837% ,而硅变异最大 ,变异系数达 2 6 684%。竹叶氮含量与土壤全氮及水解氮含量有显著相关性 ,相关系数分别为0 639 和 0 669 。竹叶钾含量与土壤有机质和速效钾含量的相关性也达到显著和极显著水平 ,相关系数分别为 0 635 和 0 789 。竹叶钙含量与土壤有效磷含量和竹叶镁含量与土壤速效钾含量均表现出显著负相关 ,相关系数分别为 - 0 657 和 - 0 638 。当年生雷竹叶氮、磷、钾和镁 4种元素含量显著高于 3年生竹叶 ,分别是 3年生竹叶的 1 0 8倍、 1 1 1倍、1 33倍和 1 1 5倍 ,而钙和硅 3年生竹叶高于当年生竹叶 ,是当年生竹叶的 1 0 8倍和 1 36倍。表 6参 9     

青藏高原东北缘放牧绵羊血清矿物元素动态研究

通过对青藏高原东北缘4个县级区域内的放牧藏羊组织样品进行矿物元素分析,分别在7月份(暖季)和12月份(冷季)对草地牧草和所选择的20头藏羊血清进行样品采集,并对藏羊组织内的主要常量元素(钙、钾、镁、钠和磷)的含量进行分析评价.结果表明:牧草矿物元素含量具有一定的季节差异性,冷季牧草中元素磷、钾和镁的含量在一些地区低于藏...     

胶质芽孢杆菌工业化发酵研究进展

土壤是一个天然钾库,蕴藏着丰富的硅酸盐矿物,但它们主要以稳定的硅铝酸盐和磷灰石状态存在,不能直接为作物吸收利用胶质芽孢杆菌是一类具有溶磷解钾功能的硅酸盐细菌,释放出硅酸盐矿物中的磷、钾等元素,直接供给植物生长利用分析论述了胶质芽孢杆菌对硅酸盐矿物的分解及其作用机理,在微生物菌肥生产发酵方面,从工业化生产角度出发,对如何降低发酵液黏稠度和获得高芽孢产量为目的的培养工艺等方面进行论述     

如何掌握棚室黄瓜的施肥技术

<正> 棚室黄瓜从定植到收获,养分的吸收量因品种及栽培条件而不同。一般地,平均单株的养分吸收量是:氮5～7g、磷1～1.5g、钾6～8g、钙3～4g、镁1～1.2g。设氮的吸收量为100％,其它元素的吸收量为磷20％～40％、钾120％～150％、钙20％～0％。各部位养分的含量,氮、磷、钾在收获初期偏高,随着生育期的延长,其含量下降,而钙和镁则是随着生育期的延长而增加。那么,如何掌握棚室黄瓜的施肥技术呢?     

红外光谱结合元素分析法研究SRB对煤的降解

利用傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)技术,对淮南潘二煤层煤样在接种硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)前后煤样组分的结构变化特征及规律进行研究,同时结合元素分析技术进行进一步分析。结果表明,煤样经过SRB细菌降解后,S元素、N元素均有不同幅度变化,其中,S元素均有减小的趋势,N元素有小幅度的增加趋势。C、H元素变化不明显,同时SRB细菌将煤中能降解利用的有机物降解后,煤样中含氧官能团相对含量下降、羟基官能团含量有所上升。SRB细菌的降解利用改变了煤中有机物成分含量及物质结构。     

无公害绿色环保型多功能有机矿物肥

一、功能与特性该产品属于纯天然无公害绿色环保型肥料。主要成分有腐植酸和纯天然矿物质及解磷角钾素精制而成,富含农作物生长所必需的磷、钾、钙、镁、硅、硫、铁、硼、锰、锌、铜、铝、钼、硒、碘等50多种营养元素,有花一样钱补50样的美称。还科学地添加了高科技菌肥和活性因子,富含稀土元素和菌元素以及有机质氨基酸.     

Segregation of form, color, movement, and depth: anatomy, physiology, and perception

Anatomical and physiological observations in monkeys indicate that the primate visual system consists of several separate and independent subdivisions that analyze different aspects of the same retinal image: cells in cortical visual areas 1 and 2 and higher visual areas are segregated into three interdigitating subdivisions that differ in their selectivity for color, stereopsis, movement, and orientation. The pathways selective for form and color seem to be derived mainly from the parvocellular geniculate subdivisions, the depth- and movement-selective components from the magnocellular. At lower levels, in the retina and in the geniculate, cells in these two subdivisions differ in their color selectivity, contrast sensitivity, temporal properties, and spatial resolution. These major differences in the properties of cells at lower levels in each of the subdivisions led to the prediction that different visual functions, such as color, depth, movement, and form perception, should exhibit corresponding differences. Human perceptual experiments are remarkably consistent with these predictions. Moreover, perceptual experiments can be designed to ask which subdivisions of the system are responsible for particular visual abilities, such as figure/ground discrimination or perception of depth from perspective or relative movement--functions that might be difficult to deduce from single-cell response properties.     

Values,technologies, and epistemology

The aim of this paper is to make possible dialogue between those who claim that technologies are coded with social, political, or ethical values and those who argue that they are value-neutral. To demonstrate the relevance of this bridge-building project, the controversy regarding agrifood biotechnology will be used as a case study. Drawing on work by L. H. Nelson about the nature of human knowledge-building enterprises and E. F. Kittay’s account of the relationally-constituted self, the argument will be made that all technologies embody the values of the communities that created them. Zahra Meghani is an assistant professor in the Department of Philosophy at the University of Rhode Island. Her research interests are philosophy of technology, feminist theory (especially feminist epistemology and feminist philosophy of science), normative ethics, practical ethics (especially health care ethics), disability issues, and political theory.     

Research and development, productivity, and inflation

R & D, through its effects on the rate of productivity increase, can significantly restrain the rate of inflation in the medium and long run. High rates of inflation damage the workings of the price system and impair the efficiency of practically all economic activities, including R & D. Findings suggest that the percentage increase between 1969 and 1979, in total real R & D expenditures, has been exaggerated due to the inadequacy of the gross national product deflator as applied to R & D.     

Mineralogy, petrology, and surface features of lunar samples 10062,35, 10067,9, 10069,30, and 10085,16

The primary rocks are a sequence of titanium-rich basic volcanics, composed of clinopyroxene, plagioclase, and ilmenite with minor olivine, troilite, and native iron. The soil and microbreccias are respectively loose and compacted mixtures of fragments and aggregates of similar rocks, minerals, and glassy fragments and spheres. Impact events are reflected by the presence of shock metamorphosed rock fragments, breccias, and glasses and their resulting compaction to form complex breccias, glass-spattered surfaces, and numerous glass-lined craters. Chemistry of the glasses formed by the impact events is highly variable, and the high iron and nickel content of a few moundlike features suggests that at least some of the projectiles are iron and nickel-rich meteorites.     

Fiber, food, fuel, and fungal symbionts

Virtually all plants of economic importance form mycorrhizae. These absorbing organs of higher plants result from a symbiotic union of beneficial soil fungi and feeder roots. In forestry, the manipulation of fungal symbionts ecologically adapted to the planting site can increase survival and growth of forest trees, particularly on adverse sites. Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae, which occur not only on many trees but also on most cultivated crops, are undoubtedly more important to world food crops. Imperatives for mycorrhizal research in forestry and agriculture are (i) the development of mass inoculum of mycorrhizal fungi, (ii) the interdisciplinary coordination with soil management, plant breeding, cultivation practices, and pest control to ensure maximum survival and development of fungal symbionts in the soil, and (iii) the institution of nursery and field tests to determine the circumstances in which mycorrhizae benefit plant growth in forestry and agri-ecosystems.