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人们经常把与传统相对立的农业称为现代农业。如把现代农业理解为工厂化农业,主张农业生产工厂化、农民工人化;把现代农业理解为规模化的农业,崇尚专业化、规模化、标准化;把现代农业理解为高投入、高产出的农业,追求"吨粮田"、"万元产值"等。其实这些并不是现代农业的本质特征,现代农业的本质在于现代农业理念的普及、现代农业科技的运用和现代农业组织体系的构建。其中可持续发展是现代农业发展理念的核心内容。可持续的理念在传统农业文化中 相似文献
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江浙地区在发展现代农业的过程中,立足于产业引导与园区建设,取得了巨大成效。基于江苏与浙江两省国家级现代化农业示范区的实地考察结果,归纳了江浙地区现代农业发展的基本路径,按照现代农业内部的经营组织形式,以及政府与经营主体在现代农业发展中起到的不同作用,总结了"浙江模式""苏南模式"与"苏北模式"3种典型经验,剖析了两地现代农业在经营主体类型和体制、扶持资金使用方式、可持续发展动力以及金融上存在的4类主要问题,并提出推进经营体制机制创新、优化财政扶持方式、推进现代农业配套设施用地制度改革以及完善农业投融资平台建设等政策建议。 相似文献
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《中国农业信息》2017,(24)
文章通过解析"农业临床"的概念,阐述临床技术的重要性,以济南草莓技术服务为例,分析"农业临床"在现代农业中的应用,展望"农业临床"在现代农业中的发展前景。"农业临床"是一种新农业理念,是以农业生产为对象、诊治农业之"病"、解决农业问题的农业科技服务体系。以"农业临床"的方式为草莓生产提供技术服务,使济南地区设施草莓在10月底上市,成为全国最早上市的地区之一,培训培养草莓种植人员上万余次,推动了草莓产业发展。"农业临床"为农业科技服务提供了一种更有效的途径及方式,实现了理论与实践的完美结合,为现代农业发展提供了新的思路,未来的农业临床将是一个融合"三产"的综合体系,在现代农业中具有良好的发展前景。 相似文献
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胡真 《山东省农业管理干部学院学报》2011,28(3):39-41
舒尔茨农业发展理论为研究与观察青岛现代农业的发展现状提供了依据。据此进一步探讨制约青岛现代农业发展的一系列因素,如农民素质偏低、农业科技相对落后、农业市场体系不完善、资金投入力度不大等。进而在分析青岛现代农业发展制约因素的基础上,探索有助于加快"十二五"期间青岛现代农业发展的措施。 相似文献
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支持向量机是借助于最优化方法解决机器学习问题的新工具,它主要应用于解决两类分类问题。在两类分类的基础上介绍了一种基于SVM的多类分类算法———一对一分类法,并将其用于中国茶叶的分类。以31个中国茶叶样品为试验材料,随机抽取8个茶叶样品为待测样品,其余的23个茶叶样品组成训练集。利用一对一分类法建立关于训练集的多类分类模型,把待测茶叶样品分为3类,预测结果显示茶叶识别完全正确;而用层次聚类法对预测样品分类,识别正确率只有87.5%。由此表明一对一多类分类方法在农业与生物科学研究领域的多类识别问题上将有很好的应用前景。 相似文献
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Promoting sustainable intensification in precision agriculture: review of decision support systems development and strategies 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jessica Lindblom Christina Lundström Magnus Ljung Anders Jonsson 《Precision Agriculture》2017,18(3):309-331
Precision agriculture provides important issues toward a more sustainable agriculture. Many farmers have the necessary technology to operate site-specifically, but they do not use it in practice, and thus available information and communications technology (ICT) systems are not used to their full potential. This paper addresses how to reduce the so-called “problem of implementation”, based on the knowledge that participatory approaches during the design and development process is one of the most important factors to frame technology adoption. The development of sustainable ICT systems through theories and methodologies from the fields of human computer interaction and user-centered design (UCD) is presented and an ongoing Swedish project for development of an agricultural decision support system (AgriDSS) for nitrogen fertilization is used as an example to frame the issue. The overreaching aim is to develop AgriDSSs that are sustainable in design as well as through design by stressing the importance of participatory approaches for the successful development of AgriDSSs. The Swedish project has the intention to apply a UCD approach, and some pitfalls on starting to use this way of working is identified as well as some suggestions on how to reduce them through co-learning processes. Despite the challenges presented in this paper, ICT can contribute significantly to long-term sustainable development. Thus, several competences and scientific disciplines need to act in concert to help develop a sustainable development of agriculture via a transdisciplinary approach that can make an impact on society at many levels. 相似文献
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“六位一体”高效生态农业产业发展模式与实施途径研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
"六位一体"生态农业产业发展模式是在生态农业产业发展模式基础上,针对我国生态农业产业中存在的问题,把"龙头企业-基地-加工-沼气发酵-物流-销售市场"六者紧密、有机结合而构建而成,形成典型高效生态良性循环的农业生态经济系统。该模式指出必须把实现高效生态农业产业化,恰当地采取最有效的生态农业产业模式作为我国农业发展的研究方向。本研究构建了该模式的基本框架,并根据该模式的特征,同时结合典型案例,提出了该模式的适宜范围、实施方案和有效实施途径。 相似文献
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河北省涿州市加快推进蔬菜产业跨越式发展对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
立足于河北省涿州市农业农村经济和农业产业结构调整发展现状和问题,着眼于大力发展现代农业,抢抓环首都绿色经济圈建设重要机遇,介绍河北省涿州市加快推进蔬菜产业发展的总体思路、工作目标、建设模式和具体措施,提出了"十二五"期间深化这项工作,加快蔬菜产业跨越式发展的对策和措施。就如何以新型农场经济理念为引领,以农村土地流转为载体,以蔬菜标准园建设为重点,以企业投资建设为主体,以政府政策扶持为保障,全力打造"京南第一菜园"进行初步研究和探讨。 相似文献
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资源节约型和环境友好型社会建设与都市农业发展 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
本文阐述了资源节约型和环境友好型社会(即"两型社会")与都市农业的内涵、理论基础、共同点和相互关系.分析了"两型社会"建设和都市农业发展都遵循的可持续发展理论、城乡一体化理论、循环经济理论和生态城市理论,以及具有的时代性、系统性和科学性;"两型社会"是都市农业发展的方向和保障,发展都市农业是"两型社会"的重要实现途径.提出当前应在建设"两型社会"的大背景下,大力发展都市农业;在发展都市农业的同时进行"两型社会"建设. 相似文献
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资源节约型和环境友好型农业生产体系的基本内涵与特征研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
建立资源节约型和环境友好型农业是我国农业加快转变生产方式,实现农业可持续发展的需要。本文分析了发展"两型农业"根源,通过与传统农业比较研究,系统分析了"两型农业"的科学内涵、本质特征和发展模式。认为"两型农业"就是以转变农业生产方式为根本目的,以发展优质、高产、高效、生态、安全的现代农业为主要目标,以提高资源利用效率和保护生态环境为重点内容,依靠技术创新和政策创新为支撑动力,大力发展循环农业、生态农业、集约农业的循环经济农业形态,促进农业实现可持续发展的现代农业综合生产体系。 相似文献
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CHENG Xu 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2002,1(1):114-120
A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the current situation as well as historic succession process of agriculture and ecological conditions in Northwest China, in particular in the Loess Plateau, by means of a inter-disciplinary approach of ecology, agro-geohistory, and agronomy. It was concluded that the fundamental causes responsible for the ecological deterioration, signed by the poor agro-productivity and serious soil erosion, had been the extensive cropping system by ever-increasing reclamation on semi-drought slope land, where initiated a natural vegetation of brushy grasses with sparse trees, thus suitable only for animal husbandry. Based on an identification of specific actual status of China, several countermeasures of correctly dealing with the relationship between agricultural development and the ecological restoration and reconstruction were proposed, including to get breakthrough first in the transection area by means of the rational use of resources and the raising of agro-system productivity, to promoting “water conservancy-type ecological agriculture“ through the radical shift of traditional production pattern, and the adoption of a policy of proper degree of grain self-reliance, as well as to construct livestock industry base in Northwest China. 相似文献
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Laura B. DeLind 《Agriculture and Human Values》1991,8(4):38-45
Michigan's approach to sustainability does not conflict with its efforts to reindustrialize state agriculture. As currently applied, agricultural sustainability remains a one-dimensional concept tightly focused on the condition of production resources and the larger physical environment. The social and political dimensions of sustainability, by contrast, are conspicuously absent. Using Michigan's livestock initiative as a case in point, it is argued that this conceptualization conforms to and reinforces the reindustrialization of agriculture and the existing structure of power within the industry.Laura B. DeLind is a Specialist in the Department of Anthropology at Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan. Her current research focuses on the economic and political structure of Michigan agriculture. She has written numerous articles critically evaluating the effects of state agricultural programs and policies at the local or community level. 相似文献