家兔脱毛癣防治

<正>家兔脱毛癣,又称家兔皮肤真菌病、体表霉菌病、体表真菌病、毛癣病、皮肤霉菌病、兔癣病、皮肤癣病、秃毛癣和家兔"剪毛癣"病等,它是由多种真菌寄生于兔体表,具有很强传染性的皮肤病,其对毛兔、獭兔危害严重。     

家兔脱毛癣病的防治

家兔脱毛癣,又称家兔皮肤真菌病、体表霉菌病、体表真菌病、毛癣病、皮肤霉菌病、兔癣病、皮肤癣病、秃毛癣和家兔“剪毛癣”病等。它是由多种真菌寄生于兔体表,十分顽固,难以根治,且传染性很强的皮肤病,特别是对毛兔、獭兔危害十分严重。该病引起炎症、毛囊损害、脱毛等一系列     

家兔脱毛癣病的诊治

家兔脱毛癣,又称家兔皮肤真菌病、体表霉菌病、秃毛癣和家兔"剪毛癣"病等。是由多种真菌寄生于兔体表,具有很强的传染性,十分顽固,根治难的一种传染性皮肤病。其临床特征为患兔皮肤呈不规则的块状或圆形脱毛、断毛、皮肤增     

家兔脱毛癣病的诊治

家兔脱毛癣，又称家兔皮肤真菌病、体表霉菌病、秃毛癣和家兔“剪毛癣”病等。是由多种真菌寄生于兔体表，具有很强的传染性，十分顽固，根治难的一种传染性皮肤病。其临床特征为患兔皮肤呈不规则的块状或圆形脱毛、断毛、皮肤增厚、发炎、痂皮增生。近年来，我县某些兔场时有发生，给兔业生产和经济效益造成重大损失。笔者在临床实践中采用综合的防治措施，收到满意的治疗效果。现将情况报告如下：     

家兔须癣毛癣菌对8种抗真菌药物敏感性研究

采用丹麦ROSCO药敏纸片扩散法,检测12株家兔须癣毛癣菌对伊曲康唑、酮康唑、氟康唑、特比萘酚、克霉唑、氟胞嘧啶、沃尔康唑和制霉菌素等8种抗真菌药物的敏感性。结果:特比萘酚对须癣毛癣菌的抑菌圈直径最大(平均73 mm),而且12株菌100%对其敏感,抗菌效果最好;其后依次是沃尔康唑、克霉唑和伊曲康唑,按ROSCO严格判读标准12株菌对其敏感率分别为83.3%、83.3%和8.3%;抑菌效果最差的是氟胞嘧啶和氟康唑,按ROSCO基本判读标准其耐药(不敏感)率分别为100%和83.3%。     

复方中草药制剂治疗獭兔毛癣病的试验

在四川省内的5个毛癣病发病獭兔养殖场,选择520只有临床症状表现的病兔,分别用复方中草药配方制剂和灰黄霉素进行治疗,观察其治疗效果。结果表明,复合中草药配方制剂的治愈率为72.59%,灰黄霉素的治愈率为70%,两种药物对毛癣病的治疗效果差异不显著(P>0.05),证明复合中草药配方制剂治疗獭兔毛癣病的效果与灰黄霉素的疗效一致。     

家兔皮肤真菌病的综合防控措施

<正>家兔皮肤真菌病是由致病性皮肤真菌感染皮肤及其附属结构引起的一种疾病,以接触传染为主,传播十分迅速,在兔场反复发作,不易根治,在很多兔场都有此病存在。本病的病原主要是须癣毛癣菌(石膏样毛癣菌)、石膏样小孢子菌、犬小孢子菌、絮状表皮癣菌。临床特征主要以皮肤感染部位出现圆形或不规则的脱     

兔须癣毛癣菌新变种的分离与鉴定

从暴发皮肤病的某家兔场患病兔中分离到1株病原真菌,直接镜检、分离培养及致病性试验后,得到一种致病真菌。通过培养特性、显微观察及分子鉴定,显示该菌培养特性与已报道须癣毛癣菌均不相同,所有培养基上均未见螺旋菌丝,ITS区进化树亦标明其与其他种(变种)均不在同一分支中,据此确定为须癣毛癣菌的新变种(Trichophyton mentagrophytes var.sp.)。     

奶牛毛癣菌病的诊断与防治

牛毛癣菌病又称钱癣,是由毛癣菌属皮肤真菌引起的皮肤真菌病,易感染头颈肩等部位出现圆形、椭圆形,边界明显的病变部,附有疏松干燥的浅灰色痂皮且易于剥离.患牛是本病的主要感染来源,病牛与健牛接触成为直接传播,或经被污染的饲养用具、圈栏上的病原体传播形成间接感染途径.牛毛癣菌病常常是由疣状毛癣菌、须毛癣菌和马毛癣菌引起.多见于犊牛和青年牛,成年牛对本病抵抗力较强,症状也较轻微.本病的特征是在患牛的头、颈等部位皮肤出现界限明显、秃毛圆形癣斑,有的在癣斑上保留少量残毛,病程很长,在前期和晚期表现有剧痒和触痛.癣斑初期为覆盖白色鳞屑的小结,以后逐渐扩大,呈圆形隆起的痂块状,形如钱币,又称"钱癣".本病全年均可发生,以冬春季节多发,多呈散发,多发生于世界各地,对幼牛生长发育有明显不良影响,造成生产力低下、皮张质量受损等经济损失.     

一起兔皮肤真菌病的诊治

<正>兔皮肤真菌病又称脱毛癣,是一类传染性极强的人畜共患接触性皮肤病。不同年龄及品种兔都易感,其中,仔兔的发病率高于青年兔和成年兔。兔皮肤真菌病的病原菌主要为毛癣菌和小孢子菌。2008年     

Treatment of Trichophyton mentagrophytes infection in rabbits

Copper sulfate and a metastabilized chlorous acid/chlorine dioxide (MECA) compound were evaluated for efficacy in treating Trichophyton mentagrophytes infection in rabbits. Forty rabbits naturally infected with T mentagrophytes were allotted to 5 treatment groups: nontreated control, sham dip, 1% copper sulfate dip, MECA dip, and MECA spray. Results of lesion culture, regression of gross lesions, and histopathologic findings were documented. Copper sulfate and MECA were effective in treating clinical dermatophytosis and in decreasing T mentagrophytes carrier status in rabbits.     

Detection by ELISA of the humoral immune response in rabbits naturally infected with Trichophyton mentagrophytes

An indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed and its diagnostic potential evaluated for rabbits infected by Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Within-run and between-run coefficient of variance varied from 2.3 to 7.7% and from 5.9 to 8.5%, respectively, indicating satisfactory reproducibility of the ELISA. There was no significant cross-reaction with antigens of Microsporum canis, Malassezia pachydermatis and Aspergillus fumigatus. The level of specific IgG to Trichophyton mentagrophytes was measured in sera of 25 11-week-old and 12 younger infected rabbits. There was no significant difference in the IgG level between 12 5-week-old infected rabbits and controls (p = 0.38). The antibody response was higher in 12 7-week-old rabbits compared with controls (p = 0.001). The IgG level in 25 11-week-old rabbits differed from the controls very significantly (p < 0.0001). Increased specific IgG in 11-week-old rabbits exhibited 96% sensitivity and 94% specificity. Predictive values of a positive and a negative test were 96 and 94%, respectively. Western immunoblotting associated three protein bands (21.5, 31, 44 kDa) with Trichophyton mentagrophytes infection.     

AN EPIZOOTIC IN LABORATORY GUINEA PIGS DUE TO TRICHOPHYTON MENTAGROPHYTES

A widespread epizootic due to a granular variety of Trichophyton mentagrophytes occurred in a new stock of laboratory guinea pigs imported to Perth from one of the Eastern States of Australia. The infection spread quickly among these animals, and infection occurred in rabbits and mice at the breeding station and in 4 people. The human infections were contracted either directly through handling animals or indirectly by means of fomites. The strain of T. mentagrophytes causing the epizootic was distinctive from strains previously isolated in Western Australia.     

中药复方治疗奶牛乳腺炎临床试验

从822头奶牛中筛选出65例临床型乳腺炎患牛进行试验,探讨中药对奶牛乳腺炎的治疗作用。将患牛随机分为2组,试验组奶牛用中药复方治疗,对照组用青霉素和链霉素治疗,观察临床效果。结果中药复方治疗患牛33例,治愈26例,治愈率为78.8%;对照组治疗32例,治愈27例,治愈率为84.3%。经统计学处理,用中药复方治疗奶牛乳房炎与常用抗生素的治疗效果基本相同,但成本较低、副作用较小。     

Dermatophytes in clinically healthy dogs and cats

The hair and skin of 300 clinically healthy animals, 268 dogs and 32 cats, were examined mycologically. The method described by Mariat and Tapia (1966) was used for the examination, along with square pieces of the fitted carpet Kovral. The dermatophytes were isolated in 12 samples, all from the material taken from dogs. Trichophyton mentagrophytes was isolated six times, Microsporum canis four times, Trichophyton gallinae once, Trichophyton rubrum once. The origin of the dermatophyte Trichophyton gallinae, found in a village dog, was not determined. In one case of occurrence of the dermatophyte Trichophyton mentagrophytes in a dog the dermatophyte was probably transmitted from man to the dog. Microsporum canis was not proved to be the most frequent dermatophyte in dogs or cats in this country.     

Efficacy of Chinese Herbal Medicine Canine Acariasis Spirit on Demodex canis

In order to screen the Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of Demodex canis, canine acariasis spirit was prepared by Foeniculum vulgare, Fructus cnidii and Bauhinia by water alcohol precipitation and distillation extraction methods. To observe the effect on Demodex canis, canine acariasis spirit was set to high, medium and low concentrations, the content of crude drug were 2.0, 1.0 and 0.5 g/mL, respectively. The experiment of killing Demodex canis was carried out by drop method. On this basis, 12 dogs inoculated with Demodex canis were treated. In order to verify the therapeutic effect, 45 clinically diagnosed dogs with Demodex canis were divided into three groups. The results showed that 3 doses of the traditional Chinese medicine canine acariasis spirit all had strong inhibition effect to kill mites, the high dose group could completely kill Demodex canis only 4 h after treatment, the action of 1% ivermectin control group was 8 h after treatment; 3 weeks later, a large number of new hair grew, rash and skin nodules disappeared, the skin lesion had healed in the affected area of high dose group, in 1% ivermectin treatment group, the dog skin improved, only a small amount of new hair grew, it couldn't cure standard; In the high and middle dose group, the average number of the ratio of skin scraping mites and the recurrence rate after drug withdrawal was 0 in one month later; The average number of mites proportion and recurrence rates of skin scrapings in 1% ivermectin treatment group were 10.63% and 9.17% in one month later; After 3 weeks of treatment, the total average eggs negative rate, cure rate and average cure days were 100.00%, 93.33% and 19.56 d in high dose traditional Chinese medicine canine acariasis spirit and 1% ivermectin combined treatment group, the results were better than the traditional Chinese medicine canine acariasis spirit and 1% ivermectin alone treatment group. The results showed that the effect of the high dose group self-made Chinese medicine canine acariasis spirit on killing Demodex canis in vitro, inoculation of Demodex canis and clinical therapeutic effect of natural infection cases were significantly better than 1% ivermectin control group, canine acariasis spirit as a traditional Chinese medicine preparation would have a good market development prospects.     

中药犬螨灵对犬蠕形螨的疗效试验

为筛选具有显著治疗犬蠕形螨的中药制剂,试验将中药小茴香、蛇床子、羊蹄根采用水煮醇沉及蒸馏等提取方法制备成中药制剂犬螨灵,并观察其对犬蠕形螨的疗效。将犬螨灵设为高、中、低3个浓度,其生药含量分别为2.0、1.0和0.5 g/mL,采用点滴法进行体外抑杀蠕形螨试验,在此基础上对12只接种蠕形螨的试验犬进行治疗试验,为验证治疗效果,对临床上已确诊的45只患有蠕形螨的病犬分3组进行临床治疗试验。结果显示,中药犬螨灵3种剂量均有较强的体外抑杀螨虫作用,高剂量组作用后4 h即可完全抑杀蠕形螨,1%伊维菌素对照组则为作用后8 h;高剂量组在治疗3周后,患处有大量新毛生长,红疹结节和皮屑消失,患处皮肤已痊愈,1%伊维菌素治疗组患犬皮肤好转,仅有少量新毛生长,不能达到痊愈标准;高、中剂量组皮肤刮取物螨虫数量平均比例及停药1个月后复发率均为0,1%伊维菌素治疗组皮肤刮取物螨虫数量平均比例及停药1月后的复发率分别为10.63%和9.17%。高剂量中药犬螨灵与1%伊维菌素两种药物联合治疗组,对临床上患病犬进行3周治疗,其虫卵平均转阴率、治愈率与平均治愈天数分别为100.00%、93.33%和19.56 d,其效果均优于中药犬螨灵与1%伊维菌素单独治疗组。结果表明,高剂量自制中药制剂犬螨灵对犬蠕形螨体外抑杀作用、接种蠕形螨试验犬与临床自然感染病例均有显著的治疗效果,优于1%伊维菌素对照组,犬螨灵作为中药杀螨虫制剂具有较好的市场开发前景。     

中药治疗兔子大面积皮肤缺损的疗效

探究中药对兔子大面积皮肤缺损的治疗效果。本研究对1例流浪兔子腰荐部皮肤大面积缺损,在不借助抗生素控制感染的情况下,仅通过中药白芨膏外敷治疗,简便包扎,通过6~7周的精细护理,完全痊愈。结果显示,此方法操作简便,疗效确实,中药对该病治疗具有一定的优势,这为临床应用中药治疗此类疾病提供了科学依据。     

3种中药提取物对皮肤癣菌的体外联合药敏试验

研究苦参、白鲜皮和土荆皮提取物在石膏样小孢子菌、犬小孢子菌、须癣毛癣菌3株皮肤癣菌体外联合药敏试验中的相互作用,为临床用药提供参考依据。采用棋盘微量稀释法测量3种中药提取物对皮肤癣菌的联合抑菌指数(fractional in-hibitory concentration index,FICI)对其联用效果进行评价。结果发现,苦参醇提物与白鲜皮醇提物两者联合应用,对3株皮肤癣菌FICI值分别为1,0.75,1,FICI值均≤1,对3株真菌的抑制效果呈相加作用;土荆皮醇提物与苦参醇提物、白鲜皮醇提物联合应用,FICI值均≥2,对3株真菌的抑制效果呈无关或拮抗作用。     

双黄杀毒退烧颗粒对畜禽免疫功能的影响

研究了纯中药复方抗病毒制剂--双黄杀毒退烧颗粒对成年兔、鸡的体液免疫及细胞免疫功能的影响.HI抗体检测、MTT实验、E-玫瑰花环形成试验和酯酶染色试验的结果表明,双黄杀毒退烧颗粒能显著增强家兔的体液免疫作用,明显提高家兔和鸡的细胞免疫功能,对家兔的免疫增强作用优于鸡.