东莞市狂犬病的防控经验做法与成效

<正>狂犬病(Rabies)是由狂犬病病毒(Rabies virus)引起的一种烈性传染病,所有的温血动物对狂犬病病毒都易感。该病广泛分布于全世界,是一种自然疫源性疾病,目前该病无有效治疗方法,病死率几乎100%。狂犬病在全球大部分地区和国家均有流行,世界卫生组织2004年全球狂犬病监测显示,145个国家和地区中仅有45个国家和地区无狂犬病报告。我国于1956年出现第一个狂犬病     

东莞市狂犬病的预防控制

狂犬病(Rabies)是由狂犬病病毒(Rabies virus)引起的人兽共患疾病,人和所有温血动物对狂犬病毒都易感,该病广泛分布于全世界,是一种自然疫源性疾病.该病一旦发病目前尚无法医治,死亡率为100%,动物传染源广泛存在,控制难度很大.我国是狂犬病流行较为严重的国家之一,仅次于印度.     

狂犬病的诊断方法

正狂犬病(Rabies)是由狂犬病病毒(Rabies virus)引起的人和其它温血哺乳动物的一种急性致死性脑炎疾病。在全球范围内,每年约有60000人不幸死于狂犬病,而这些事件大部分发生在亚洲和非洲。当前我国狂犬病形势异常严峻,发病数已居世界第2位,仅次于印度,随着狂犬病在我国的流行呈上升趋势,狂犬病的诊断与防治具有重要的兽医公共卫生意义。     

狂犬病诊断方法研究进展

狂犬病(Rabies)是由狂犬病病毒(Rabies virus,RV)引起的人和其他温血哺乳动物的一种急性致死性疾病,是一种自然疫源性疾病,人和各种温血动物均可感染,感染谱极为     

猪伪狂犬病病毒变异株在国内的研究进展

猪伪狂犬病是由伪狂犬病病毒(pseudorabies virus,PRV)引起的猪病毒性传染病。免疫接种疫苗是防控伪狂犬病的有效途径之一,但是近年来在我国很多地区的伪狂犬病疫苗免疫猪群中接连暴发了新的伪狂犬病疫情,主要原因是由于伪狂犬病病毒发生了新的变异,新的PRV流行变异株与传统的PRV相比抗原性已发生较大变化。本文从PRV的特征、PRV变异株流行情况、PRV变异株主要毒力蛋白及其遗传变异、PRV变异株疫苗的研制及PRV感染的防控等方面进行阐述,旨在为PRV流行变异株的防控提供参考。     

牛狂犬病的诊断与防制报告

狂犬病(Rabies)又称恐水症,俗称疯狗病,是由狂犬病病毒(Rabies Virus)引起的一种人畜共患的急性接触性传染病,主要侵害中枢神经系统,病畜临床特征为神经兴奋和意识障碍,最后麻痹而死.2002年12月3日,都匀市有一黄牛发生以哞叫、兴奋、流涎为主要临床特征的病例,经临床症状、流行病学调查分析及实验室诊断确诊为牛狂犬病.现报道如下.     

浦东新区犬狂犬病免疫现状调查报告

正狂犬病(Rabies)是由狂犬病病毒(Rabies Virus)感染引起的一种动物源性传染病。狂犬病病毒主要通过破损的皮肤或黏膜侵入机体,临床大多表现为狂躁不安、攻击行为、进行性麻痹等~([1])。狂犬病是重要的公共卫生威胁,全球每年约60 000人死于     

狂犬病口服疫苗研究进展

狂犬病（Rabies）是由狂犬病病毒（Rabies irus,RV）感染引起的一种人兽共患急性传染病。狂犬病在世界范围内广泛流行。调查表明,我国农村地区犬只免疫率仅为10％～20％,猫则几乎没有进行过免疫,形成不了免疫屏障。     

狂犬病口服疫苗研究进展

狂犬病（Rabies）是由狂犬病病毒（Rabies irus，RV）感染引起的一种人兽共患急性传染病。狂犬病在世界范围内广泛流行。调查表明，我国农村地区犬只免疫率仅为10％～20％，猫则几乎没有进行过免疫，形成不了免疫屏障。     

狂犬病的防治

狂犬病(Rabies)又名恐水症,俗称疯狗病,由狂犬病病毒(Rabies virus,RV)引起的一种人畜共患的急性接触性传染病。主要侵害中枢神经系统。动物表现为极度的神经兴奋而致狂暴不安和意识障碍,最后发生麻痹而死亡。1流行特点1.1易感动物所有温血动物不分日龄对狂犬病病毒均易感。1.2传染源野生动物(狼、狐、臭鼬和蝙蝠等)是本病毒的主要自然储存宿主,野生啮齿动物(野鼠和松鼠等)是危险的疫源,病犬和猫是使人感染的主要传染源。无症状和顿挫感染的动物可长期通过唾液排毒,成为人畜共患的传染源。1.3传播途径经咬伤、呼吸道、消化道和胎盘而传染…     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.