伊维菌素治疗猪蛔虫病效果观察

评价伊维菌素驱除猪蛔虫效果,并在养猪生产中利用.将自然感染猪蛔虫病猪30头随机分为5组,即伊维菌素高、中、低剂量组,多拉菌素对照组和空白对照组.结果伊维菌素高、中剂量组驱杀猪蛔虫效果明显,并与多拉菌素组效果相当,具有效果确实可靠、毒副作用较小等特点.临床推荐剂量以0.3 mg/kg为宜.     

云南贯众驱猪蛔虫活性成分的鉴定及其体外杀虫试验研究

通过研究云南贯众(Cyrtomium yunnanense)的化学成分,用硅胶和凝胶柱色谱进行分离,根据理化性质、波谱特征鉴定结构。结果从其甲醇提取物中分离并鉴定了4个化合物:山奈酚-3,7-a-L-二鼠李糖苷(Kaempferol 3,7-a-L-Dirhamnopyranoside)(1),山奈酚-3-a-L-(4-O-乙酰基)鼠李糖基-7-a-L-鼠李糖苷[Kaempferol3-a-L-(4-O-acetyl)rhamnopyranoside-7-a-L-rhamnopyranoside](2),山奈酚-3-a-L-(2,4-二乙酰基)鼠李糖苷-7-a-L-鼠李糖苷[Kaempferol3-a-L-(2,4-Di-O-acetyl)rhamnopyranoside-7-a-L-rhamnopyranoside](3),β-谷甾醇(β-Sitosterol)(4)。利用猪蛔虫24孔NUNC细胞培养板,对云南贯众中提取分离的四种化合物的抗蠕虫活性进行检测,并作离体毒理试验,利用纤毛虫检测器来计数死活虫卵。结果4个化合物中,化合物2效果最佳,其次是化合物4、化合物1,化合物3最差。4个化合物均为首次从云南贯众中分离得到的单体,化合物2有望开发成为一种新的驱蛔虫药。     

云南贯众粗提物对猪蛔虫的作用效果观察

考察云南贯众粗提物山奈素-3-a-L-鼠李糖基-7-a-L-鼠李糖体内驱猪蛔虫效果。选用仔猪36头,分为空白组,感染对照组,贯众粗提物低剂量组(12.5 mg/kg·bw),贯众粗提物中剂量组(25 mg/kg·bw),贯众粗提物高剂量组(50 mg/kg·bw),左旋咪唑组(8 mg/kg·bw)6个处理组,每组6头,连续用药7 d,每天采集猪粪便进行虫卵检查,计算虫卵转阴率和虫卵减少率。结果表明,云南贯众粗提物高浓度(50 mg/kg·bw)有较强驱杀体内猪蛔虫的活性,虫卵从1 606.67减少到34.33,转阴率达到83.33%,在治疗结束后虫卵减少率达到97.86%,与感染对照组和治疗前相比,虫卵数值和虫卵减少率均极显著提高(P0.01)。提示云南贯众可作为一种新型抗猪蛔虫药予以开发。     

多拉菌素治疗猪蛔虫病的疗效观察

将自然感染猪蛔虫的15头猪,随机分为5组,即多拉菌素高、中、低剂量组,伊维菌素对照组和空白对照组。多拉菌素驱杀猪蛔虫效果明显,且具有吸收分布快、消除缓慢和生物利用度高的特点。多拉菌素驱杀猪蛔虫效果确实可靠,其中高剂量和中剂量组更为显著,临床推荐剂量以300μg／kg体重为宜。     

伊维菌素脂质体对猪疥螨病的疗效研究

目的研究伊维菌素脂质体对猪疥螨病的临床疗效。方法患猪疥螨病猪只随机分为4组．采用一次颈部皮下注射,连续观察28d。第1组：空白对照组,不给药;第2组：伊维菌素药物对照组,剂量为0.3mg／kg。BW;第3组：伊维菌素脂质高剂量组,剂量为0.3mg／kg。BW;第4组：伊维菌素脂质体低剂量组,剂量为0.075mg／kg。BW。结果给药后7d,第2、3组试验猪未查到活虫体,转阴率为100％,第4组试验猪只则有2头未转阴,虫体转阴率为87％;给药后14d,第3、4组试验虫体转阴率为100％;第2组试验猪有3头查到活幼螨,虫体转阴率为80％,于当天重复用药1次;给药后21、28d,第2、3、4组试验猪只检查未查到活虫体,虫体转阴率为100％。结论高、低剂量的伊维菌素脂质体对猪疥螨病治愈率显著高于伊维菌素,伊维菌素脂质体具有用药剂量小、药效时间长和药物残留低的特点。     

多拉菌素驱除猪体内线虫试验

选取 8 0头仔猪进行驱除体内线虫试验 ,试验分 5组进行 (多拉菌素高、中、低剂量组、伊维菌素对照组及空白对照组 )。通过试验前后寄生虫感染情况的比较 ,表明多拉菌素驱除猪寄生线虫效果确实、可靠 ,其中高剂量组和中剂量组药物残效期达 2 8d。推荐使用中剂量即 3 0 0 μg/kg体重     

伊维菌素预混剂对妊娠母猪的驱虫效果和安全试验

目的检测伊维菌素预混剂对妊娠母猪的驱虫效果及其安全性。方法以妊娠后期母猪为实验动物，分为3个实验组和1个对照组，比较了不同剂量的伊维菌素预混刺驱除猪体内寄生虫的效果。结果驱虫后d7，中、高剂量组粪便中蛔虫虫卵的减少率和转阴率均达到100％，而且直到用药后40d，粪便中都检测不到虫卵，表明伊维菌素预混剂能有效驱除猪体内寄生虫，且能保持较长时间不再感染。结论试验中未见到药物对妊娠后期母猪造成任何可见影响，说明了伊维菌素预混剂对妊娠母猪的安全性。     

伊维菌素浇泼剂和注射剂驱除牛消化道线虫临床效果观察

为验证伊维菌素浇泼剂对牛消化道线虫的临床驱虫效果,筛选高效方便的剂型,本试验将自然感染消化道线虫的80头病牛随机分成5组:高、中、低剂量组、伊维菌素注射组(药物对照组)和不给药组(空白对照组),各组牛按如下方法给药:高、中、低剂量组分别按每100 kg体重15、10、5 m L背部浇泼给药,药物对照组每100 kg体重2 m L颈部皮下注射给药。结果:伊维菌素浇泼剂对牛消化道线虫的驱虫效果以高、中剂量为佳,高、中剂量组与低剂量组差异极显著,与药物对照组差异不显著。伊维菌素浇泼剂安全高效、简便易行,适合在生产中大力推广使用。     

伊维菌素浇泼剂和注射剂对牛皮蝇蛆病的治疗效果

为了解伊维菌素浇泼剂对牛皮蝇蛆病的治疗效果,探讨及筛选对牛皮蝇蛆病高效、低毒、使用方便的有效剂型,本临床试验共选用合格试验牛80头,随机分成5组:高剂量组(10头)、中剂量组(40头)、低剂量组(10头)、伊维菌素注射组(药物对照组10头)和不给药组(空白对照组10头),各组牛按如下方法给药:高、中、低剂量组分别按每100 kg体重15、10和5 mL背部浇泼给药,药物对照组按每100 kg体重2 mL颈部皮下注射伊维菌素。结果:伊维菌素浇泼剂高、中、低剂量组对牛皮蝇幼虫的杀虫效果三者之间差异不显著(P0.05),3个剂量组与药物对照组比较差异也不显著(P0.05),表明高、中、低剂量的伊维菌素浇泼剂和伊维菌素注射剂均对牛皮蝇均具有明显的驱虫效果。伊维菌素浇泼剂是一种新开发治疗牛皮蝇蛆病较为安全的局部外用药,使用简便、快捷,适合在临床上广泛推广应用。     

多拉菌素防治绵羊痒螨病试验

目的　肯定多拉菌素防治绵羊痒螨病的效果 ,为临床应用提供科学依据。方法　试验分 5组 (多拉菌素高、中、低剂量组、伊维菌素对照组及空白对照组 ) ,根据试验前后螨虫寄生数量和临床变化判定疗效。结论　多拉菌素防治绵羊痒螨病效果确实可靠 ,其中以高剂量组和中剂量组最为显著 ,推荐剂量为中剂量组即 2 0 0 μg/kg体重     

中药小兰杜治疗猪螨虫效果观察

试验研究中药小兰杜对猪螨虫的治疗效果。以患病猪只为试验动物,设实验组和对照组,对照1组涂擦75%酒精,试验2组涂擦3.3%小兰杜酒精浸泡液,实验3组涂擦5%小兰杜酒精浸泡液,实验4组涂擦10%小兰杜酒精浸泡液;对照5组以1%伊维菌素稀释液0.2 mL/kg皮下注射。间隔1 d涂擦一次药物,连续涂擦2周。伊维菌素每7天注射一次。1、7、14 d后观察治疗效果,用低倍显微镜观察螨虫数量,观察并记录病猪临床症状。低剂量组螨虫转阴率在第7天、第14天分别为18.2%、14.1%,中剂量组镜检螨虫转阴率在第7天、第14天分别为38.2%、62.8%,高剂量组临床症状好转迅速,镜检螨虫转阴率在第7天为72.4%,第14天达到100%,临床症状消失,伊维菌素组螨虫转阴率在第7天、第14天分别为60%、84.9%。高剂量为最佳用药剂量,临床症状消失。     

Efficacy of Chinese Herbal Medicine Canine Acariasis Spirit on Demodex canis

In order to screen the Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of Demodex canis, canine acariasis spirit was prepared by Foeniculum vulgare, Fructus cnidii and Bauhinia by water alcohol precipitation and distillation extraction methods. To observe the effect on Demodex canis, canine acariasis spirit was set to high, medium and low concentrations, the content of crude drug were 2.0, 1.0 and 0.5 g/mL, respectively. The experiment of killing Demodex canis was carried out by drop method. On this basis, 12 dogs inoculated with Demodex canis were treated. In order to verify the therapeutic effect, 45 clinically diagnosed dogs with Demodex canis were divided into three groups. The results showed that 3 doses of the traditional Chinese medicine canine acariasis spirit all had strong inhibition effect to kill mites, the high dose group could completely kill Demodex canis only 4 h after treatment, the action of 1% ivermectin control group was 8 h after treatment; 3 weeks later, a large number of new hair grew, rash and skin nodules disappeared, the skin lesion had healed in the affected area of high dose group, in 1% ivermectin treatment group, the dog skin improved, only a small amount of new hair grew, it couldn't cure standard; In the high and middle dose group, the average number of the ratio of skin scraping mites and the recurrence rate after drug withdrawal was 0 in one month later; The average number of mites proportion and recurrence rates of skin scrapings in 1% ivermectin treatment group were 10.63% and 9.17% in one month later; After 3 weeks of treatment, the total average eggs negative rate, cure rate and average cure days were 100.00%, 93.33% and 19.56 d in high dose traditional Chinese medicine canine acariasis spirit and 1% ivermectin combined treatment group, the results were better than the traditional Chinese medicine canine acariasis spirit and 1% ivermectin alone treatment group. The results showed that the effect of the high dose group self-made Chinese medicine canine acariasis spirit on killing Demodex canis in vitro, inoculation of Demodex canis and clinical therapeutic effect of natural infection cases were significantly better than 1% ivermectin control group, canine acariasis spirit as a traditional Chinese medicine preparation would have a good market development prospects.     

中药犬螨灵对犬蠕形螨的疗效试验

为筛选具有显著治疗犬蠕形螨的中药制剂,试验将中药小茴香、蛇床子、羊蹄根采用水煮醇沉及蒸馏等提取方法制备成中药制剂犬螨灵,并观察其对犬蠕形螨的疗效。将犬螨灵设为高、中、低3个浓度,其生药含量分别为2.0、1.0和0.5 g/mL,采用点滴法进行体外抑杀蠕形螨试验,在此基础上对12只接种蠕形螨的试验犬进行治疗试验,为验证治疗效果,对临床上已确诊的45只患有蠕形螨的病犬分3组进行临床治疗试验。结果显示,中药犬螨灵3种剂量均有较强的体外抑杀螨虫作用,高剂量组作用后4 h即可完全抑杀蠕形螨,1%伊维菌素对照组则为作用后8 h;高剂量组在治疗3周后,患处有大量新毛生长,红疹结节和皮屑消失,患处皮肤已痊愈,1%伊维菌素治疗组患犬皮肤好转,仅有少量新毛生长,不能达到痊愈标准;高、中剂量组皮肤刮取物螨虫数量平均比例及停药1个月后复发率均为0,1%伊维菌素治疗组皮肤刮取物螨虫数量平均比例及停药1月后的复发率分别为10.63%和9.17%。高剂量中药犬螨灵与1%伊维菌素两种药物联合治疗组,对临床上患病犬进行3周治疗,其虫卵平均转阴率、治愈率与平均治愈天数分别为100.00%、93.33%和19.56 d,其效果均优于中药犬螨灵与1%伊维菌素单独治疗组。结果表明,高剂量自制中药制剂犬螨灵对犬蠕形螨体外抑杀作用、接种蠕形螨试验犬与临床自然感染病例均有显著的治疗效果,优于1%伊维菌素对照组,犬螨灵作为中药杀螨虫制剂具有较好的市场开发前景。     

放牧绵羊主要寄生虫病药物防治技术试验与示范效果观察

为评价伊维菌素注射剂的驱虫效果与对放牧绵羊线虫病及外寄生虫病的防治示范效果,选择1.5岁感染线虫和部分外寄生虫的绵羊150只,设伊维菌素注射剂0.1,0.2和0.3mg/kg体重剂量组和伊维菌素片剂对照组,进行驱虫效果评价;在冬季应用伊维菌素注射剂按0.2mg/kg体重剂量对放牧绵羊进行规模防治技术示范,检查防治效果和考核防治效益。结果:药效试验中伊维菌素注射剂0.2mg/kg对绵羊消化道线虫虫卵转阴率和减少率分别为93.3%,99.3%,对原圆科线虫幼虫转阴率和减少率分别为90.0%和96.1%;0.3mg/kg剂量对消化道线虫虫卵及原圆科线虫幼虫转阴率和减少率均为100.0%;0.1mg/kg剂量对消化道线虫虫卵转阴率和减少率分别为76.7%,88.6%,原圆科线虫幼虫转阴率和减少率分别为66.7%和86.1%。防治示范群绵羊消化道线虫虫卵转阴率为93.3%,虫卵减少率为96.8%;对原圆科线虫幼虫转阴率和减少率分别为90.0%和96.2%。同期检查未防治对照组虫卵EPG和幼虫数略有增加。技术示范群比未示范群每只成年羊平均多增重5.47kg、幼年羊成活率平均提高2.1个百分点。结果表明该防治技术对放牧绵羊主要寄生虫病高效安全,效益显著。     

Ivermectin is an effective treatment for bovine cutaneous papillomatosis

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ivermectin on the treatment of bovine cutaneous papillomatosis. Twenty-four Holstein calves between 9 and 17 months of age with cutaneous papillomatosis were placed into three groups with six in group I, and nine in groups II and III. Group I served as a control group and received no treatment. Ivermectin at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg was administered subcutaneously as a single dose to the animals in Group II and twice with 15 days intervals to animals in Group III. The first ivermectin application was considered as the 0th day Animals were monitored at 15 days intervals up to 3 months.No remission was observed in the control group (Group I). In Group II eight out of nine animals (88.8%) and in Group III seven out of nine animals (77.7%) showed complete recovery within 3 month observation period.It was concluded that ivermectin, as either single or double dose applications, is effective as a treatment for cutaneous papillomatosis.     

Ivermectin is an effective treatment for bovine cutaneous papillomatosis

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ivermectin on the treatment of bovine cutaneous papillomatosis. Twenty-four Holstein calves between 9 and 17 months of age with cutaneous papillomatosis were placed into three groups with six in group I, and nine in groups II and III. Group I served as a control group and received no treatment. Ivermectin at a dose of 0.2mg/kg was administered subcutaneously as a single dose to the animals in Group II and twice with 15 days intervals to animals in Group III. The first ivermectin application was considered as the 0th day Animals were monitored at 15 days intervals up to 3 months. No remission was observed in the control group (Group I). In Group II eight out of nine animals (88.8%) and in Group III seven out of nine animals (77.7%) showed complete recovery within 3 month observation period. It was concluded that ivermectin, as either single or double dose applications, is effective as a treatment for cutaneous papillomatosis.     

埃普利诺菌素浇泼剂对牦牛皮蝇幼虫驱除效果试验

应用埃普利诺菌素浇泼剂驱除牦牛皮蝇幼虫,并设埃普利诺菌素注射剂药物对照组和阳性对照组。结果：剖检埃普利诺菌素浇泼剂300μg/kg,400μg/kg,500μg/kg剂量组牦牛与药物对照埃普利诺菌素注射剂组及伊维菌素浇泼剂组牦牛,均未检出皮蝇1期幼虫,而阳性对照组牦牛皮蝇1期幼虫感染率35.0%,平均感染强度29.4（9～53）条。翌年3、5月份两次触摸检查牛背部皮下瘤疤和皮肤虫孔,4个药物试验组牦牛均未检出,而阳性对照组牦牛两次检查平均感染率45.16%,平均感染强度6.45个。试验证明埃普利诺菌素浇泼剂低、中、高3个剂量对寄生于牦牛的皮蝇幼虫驱净率、驱虫率均达100.0%,高效安全。     

伊维菌素对雄性大白鼠生育功能的影响

探讨伊维菌素对雄性动物生殖功能的影响,为临床用药安全和动物繁殖提供依据。试验选取成年雄性大白鼠,按照0.17 mg/kg（低剂量组）,3 mg/kg（中剂量组）,5 mg/kg（高剂量组）的剂量分别进行灌胃,对照组以生理盐水代替药物进行灌胃。末次给药后24 h处死大鼠,取睾丸、附睾进行生殖系统毒性检查。试验结果表明：当伊维菌素用药剂量达到3 mg/kg以上就呈现出一定的生殖毒性,睾丸系数、附睾系数下降,精子密度和精子活率下降,但对精子活力并没影响,4个试验组均未显示与剂量的相关性。     

Clinical effects of ivermectin in the treatment of Sarcoptes scabiei var canis in farm foxes

The efficacy of ivermectin against natural infection of the mange mite Sarcoptes scabiei var canis in foxes was evaluated. The investigations consisted of two field studies and one controlled study. In experiment 1, ivermectin was given as a single subcutaneous dose at 200 micrograms/kg in six foxes. In experiment 2, was one group, consisting of five animals, administered 200 micrograms ivermectin/kg s.c. twice with an interval of 35 days. Group two, consisting of four animals, was given one subcutaneous injection of 400 micrograms ivermectin/kg. In experiment 3, ten foxes were given 1 ml 0.2% Eqvalen s.c. (i.e. 340-440 micrograms ivermectin/kg). A control group of ten animals was not medicated. Before and after treatment a clinical evaluation and skin scraping for microscopic examination was carried out in all three experiments. The results indicated that ivermectin was a good alternative in the therapy of the Sarcoptes mange in foxes by moderate mite infection. A progressive clinical improvement of the mange lesions was evident in the treated foxes. Mites were not detected in skinscraping, except in one animal in experiment 3. It was concluded that ivermectin should be administered, in an initial dose of 400 micrograms/kg and a repeated dose of 200 micrograms/kg 2-3 weeks after the first treatment.     

Anthelmintic activities of ivermectin against immature and adult Dictyocaulus viviparus

Eighteen calves about 3 months old were inoculated with 3,000 Dictyocaulus viviparus infective larvae. Three groups of 6 calves each were formed. Thirteen days after inoculations, 3 of the 6 group 1 control calves were given vehicle subcutaneously (SC) and the group 2 calves were given ivermectin at the dose rate of 200 micrograms/kg, SC. Thirty-five days after inoculation, the remaining 3 calves in group 1 were given vehicle SC and the group 3 calves were given ivermectin at the dose rate of 200 micrograms/kg, SC. Necropsies were performed 42 days after inoculations. A total of 474 D viviparus was recovered from the group 1 control calves, whereas none was recovered from the calves treated when the nematodes were in the 4th stage of development (group 2) or adult stage (group 3).