野猪母猪的妊娠诊断

特种野猪妊娠后，怀孕期为１１４d左右。一般配种后未怀孕而１～２个月呈隐性发情（不明显），往往被养殖户所忽视。因此，应早期对母猪受精与否作出诊断，及时采取补配措施，防止空怀，以提高饲养户的经济效益和社会效益。１根据发情规律判断母野猪发情周期平均２１d左右，在正常情况下，妊娠后就不再发情。因此，可从母猪配种后的１８d开始注意观察，如果１周左右不见母猪发情，就可初步判断已妊娠。２外部观察判断母猪妊娠后贪睡，食欲旺，易上膘，皮毛光滑，性情温驯，行动稳，夹尾走，阴门紧缩（阴门下联合的裂缝向上紧缩成一条线）等…     

利用超声判定母熊妊娠

黑宝药业集团熊场经过多年的饲养管理对熊的习性、生殖、生理等方面积累了很多的经验 ,建立起了科学化的繁殖体系 ,使我场养熊业逐渐达到正规化、合理化。母熊一般每年的5～ 6月份发情、交配 ,并在当年 12月份至来年 1月份产仔 ,妊娠期为 6个半月左右。母熊在妊娠初期从外观表现很难判断其是否妊娠 ,这给生产安排上造成很大的麻烦。我场自引进超声设备以来 ,用其判定母熊是否妊娠 ,共做了 6 0多例 ,现将部分结果报道如下。1　材料方法1.1　材料1.1.1　仪器　采用上海阿洛卡SSC - 2 10型探头 (SH - 0 0 1)频率 3.5MHz超声设备 ,日本SONY…     

奶牛早期妊娠诊断之我见

奶牛早期妊娠诊断，指配种后前3个月的诊断。奶牛妊娠后，为适应胎儿生长发育的需要，机体将会发生一系列的生理变化。多年来，对配种后前3个月的母牛是否已孕，通过临床近100例的观察，准确率达90％以上，现小结如下，以飨读者。     

运用酶免疫法测定脱脂乳中孕酮水平进行奶牛早期妊娠诊断

前言奶牛妊娠的早期诊断是提高繁殖率的一项重要技术措施,以保证母牛在产犊后90天内受孕,减少牛场经济损失。目前,采用配种后60天直肠检查诊断为多,但其时间间隔较长,一般要在配种后3个情期才能确诊,并且其准确率还受工作人员的技术水平的影响。为克服上述不足,不少学者通过测定乳中孕酮浓度来进行早期妊娠诊断。     

浅谈奶牛早期妊娠诊断技术

本文简要叙述了在奶牛早期妊娠诊断中常使用的外部观察法、直肠检查法、阴道检查法、子宫颈处粘液诊断法、乳汁诊断法和超声波妊娠诊断法的优缺点,适宜使用时间及受孕牛子宫变化情况。     

家养母野猪的妊娠诊断

家养母野猪妊娠后 ,怀孕期为 1 1 4ｄ左右。一般配种后未怀孕而 1～ 2个月呈隐性发情 (不明显 )的情况易被养殖户所忽视 ,因此 ,应早期对母野猪受精与否作出诊断 ,及时采取补配措施 ,防止空怀 ,以提高饲养户的经济效益和社会效益。1　根据发情规律判断母野猪发情周期平均 2 1ｄ左右。在正常情况下 ,妊娠后就不再发情。因此 ,可从母野猪配种后的 1 8ｄ开始注意观察 ,如果 1周左右不见其发情 ,就可初步判断母野猪已妊娠。2　外部观察判断母野猪妊娠后贪睡觉 ,食欲旺 ,易上膘 ,皮毛光滑 ,性情温和 ,行动稳 ,夹尾走 ,阴门紧缩 (阴门下联合的裂缝…     

应用超声多普勒检测仪,妊娠诊断盒对母熊早期怀孕诊断的试验研究

试验采用ＭＣＤ－Ｉ型检测仪和妊娠诊断盒对２４只母熊（其中２１黑熊，３只棕熊）进行了早期怀孕诊断，最早测出宫血音，胎心音，胎血音的时间分别为２３ｄ，７６ｄ，８３ｄ，宫血音诊断与妊娠论断盒检验相比较，其符合率在配种后２３－３０ｄ，３１－５０ｄ，５１－９０ｄ分别为３３．３３％（２／６），８７．５％（７／８）和１００％（１０／１０），用妊娠诊断盒检验母熊尿阳性者与宫血音性者相比较，其符合率在配种后３０－４     

黑猩猩和狒狒的早期妊娠诊断实验

我们对２只黑猩猩４只狒狒做早期妊娠诊断实验，结果表明，当受孕动物尿稀释为１：２０倍时，黑猩猩从交配后４９大至１０５天用＂早早孕酶试剂＂反应结果呈阳性，＂胶乳试剂＂从４９天至７１天结果呈阳性。狒狒从交配后２９大至９７大用＂早早孕酶试剂＂反应结果呈阳性。＂胶乳试剂＂呈阴性。实验证明，黑猩猩从交配后１９天确诊早期妊娠，狒狒从交配后２９天确诊早期妊娠。目前这两种妊娠试剂，在野生动物产科中诊断早期妊娠提供可靠依据，有实用意义。     

奶牛早期妊娠诊断方法的研究及应用

奶牛养殖业已成为发展畜牧业的突破口。在日常饲养管理中，提高奶牛产奶量和繁殖率，是提高经济效益的关键。但目前我国奶牛情期受孕率仅为30％～50％，多数奶牛需要授精2～3次才能受孕，极易造成发情母牛的失配和已妊娠母牛的误配，从而延长产犊时间，减少泌乳量。因此，奶牛配种（或受精）后不久，必须进行早期妊娠诊断，尽早判断母牛是否妊娠。奶牛早期妊娠诊断方法的研究引起了普遍重视，国内外专家对奶牛早期妊娠诊断方法开展了大量研究工作，建立了许多诊断方法。     

母牛的妊娠诊断方法

母牛配种后 ,做好早期妊娠诊断 ,有着重要意义 :因为早期确定怀孕 ,可加强饲养管理 ,做好保胎 ,避免流产 ;还可及时发现没有受孕的母牛 ,可再次进行配种减少空怀。随着兽医诊断技术的发展 ,人们已发现了多种牛的妊娠检查方法 :外部观察法、直肠检查法、阴道检查法、宫颈粘液检查法、超声波诊断法、孕酮含量测定法、免疫学诊断法、早孕因子测定法、血小板计数法、经穴皮温变化法等等。有的适于生产实践 ,有的适用于实验室诊断。理想的妊娠诊断方法 ,应该具备下列条件 :①快速 ,适用于早期妊娠诊断 ;②准确 ,妊娠诊断结果误差小 ;③安全 ,对母…     

Disorders of pregnancy

Ectopic pregnancy, uterine torsion, hypocalcemia, and hypoglycemia are discussed. A diagnostic and therapeutic approach to spontaneous abortion and embryonic death is given. Infectious causes of abortion are emphasized. Discussed are the normal variation in gestation length and its relationship to the diagnosis of dystocia as well as the diagnosis and treatment of dystocia.     

Canine pregnancy and parturition

In contrast to the large variation in canine gestation lengths based on mating-to-whelping intervals (56 to 70 days), gestation length based on intervals from the preovulatory LH surge to whelping shows little variation (64 to 66 days). By considering the preovulatory LH surge as the central endocrine event of the fertile cycle, various events can be reasonably timed, including ovulation on day 2, oocyte maturation on day 4, reduced fertility after day 6, implantation around day 17, and development of fetal radiopacity after day 45. Throughout pregnancy, gestation is dependent on ovarian progesterone secretion and, thus, on pituitary LH and prolactin for luteotrophic support. Because prostaglandin F2 alpha is luteolytic in the bitch, it may be involved in the luteolysis observed immediately prepartum in association with rises in maternal cortisol and prolactin levels.     

Metabolic profiles in goat does in late pregnancy with and without subclinical pregnancy toxemia

Background: Pregnant goat does can develop various metabolic diseases during late pregnancy that may have profound effects on their health and productivity, including subclinical pregnancy toxemia. Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate serum biochemical findings in goats in late pregnancy with and without subclinical pregnancy toxemia. Methods: Serum samples were obtained from 153 clinically healthy goats in the last trimester of pregnancy from 14 herds in central and northern Jordan. Serum was analyzed for the following constituents: 3‐hydroxybutyrate (3‐HB), glucose, total protein, albumin, urea, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, triglycerides, cortisol, T3, T4, total calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus, using commercially available kits. Goats were classified as having subclinical pregnancy toxemia or as controls on the basis of 3‐HB results. Biochemical results were compared between the 2 groups using nonparametric statistical tests. Results: Fifty‐three does had subclinical pregnancy toxemia (3‐HB>0.86 mmol/L) and 100 were pregnant control does (3‐HB≤0.86 mmol/L). Does with subclinical pregnancy toxemia had significantly lower glucose concentrations (P<.001) and significantly higher urea (P=.042) and total protein (P=.048) concentrations compared with pregnant control does. 3‐HB concentration was significantly correlated with glucose (r=0.290, P=.035), phosphorus (r=0.351, P=.01), and cortisol (r=0.394, P=.004) concentrations in goats with subclinical toxemia. Conclusions: Results of this study indicate that the biochemical profile of does with subclinical pregnancy toxemia differs from that of other pregnant goats. 3‐HB should be measured in pregnant does in late stages of gestation with hypoglycemia or with elevated urea and total protein concentrations.