新台糖16号4个品质性状的分析

新台糖１６号的糖分性状优良，早熟高糖特征明显，平均蔗糖分和１１月份蔗糖分明显高于新台糖１０号和粤糖６３－２３７。成熟后期蔗糖分不易下降。新台糖１６号的蔗汁重力纯度高，蔗汁还原糖分低，甘蔗纤维分与新台糖１０号的相当。     

不同品种椰子凋落叶的营养成分分析

测定6个不同品种椰子凋落叶中的营养成分。结果表明,6个品种椰子凋落叶的叶柄中C、N、P、K、Na、Ca、Mg、Mn、Zn营养元素之间差异显著,其中Fe和Cu含量差异不显著;小叶中,C、N、P、K、Na、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Zn营养元素之间差异显著,其中Cu含量差异不显著。同时,小叶中的C、N、Fe、Mn、Zn含量高于叶柄,而叶柄中的P、K、Na、Ca、Mg含量高于小叶。     

云南稻种矿质元素含量与形态及品质性状的关系

 以653份云南稻种为材料进行了8种矿质元素含量与4个品质性状及其24个形态性状间的相关性分析，结果表明核心种质的P、K、Ca和Mg含量与绝大多数形态和品质性状的关系密切，以P与茎蘖数(-0.2043** )、K与直链淀粉含量 (-0.2043** )、Ca与株高(-0.4151** )、Mg与蛋白质(0.2570** )相关性相对较高; 核心种质的Mn、Zn、Cu和Fe含量与少数形态品质性状的关系密切, 以Fe与胶稠度(-0.1121** )、Zn与结实率(-0.1411** )、Cu与每穗实粒数(-01398** )、Mn与株高（-0.2492** ）相关性相对较高。     

云南甘蔗国外引进骨干亲本糖分性状分析

高糖亲本筛选是甘蔗高糖育种的基础,对蔗糖产业健康持续发展至关重要。云南是我国甘蔗第二大产区,本研究以16份云南甘蔗品种杂交选育常用国外引进亲本为材料,对其纤维分、蔗汁锤度、蔗汁糖度、甘蔗糖度、简纯度5项糖分性状进行了分析。研究结果显示,所有性状在不同材料间均存在显著差异,且该差异主要由遗传背景差异导致。5个糖分性状中,纤维分与其他性状均存在显著负相关关系,而其他4个性状间均呈显著正相关关系。聚类分析将16份材料分为3组,组I、组II均有较好表现,而组III所含的CP28-11、POJ213、Co1001三份材料表现较差。I、II两组材料主要差异体现在纤维分方面,据此对其杂交利用给出了建议。     

湛江主要甘蔗品种蔗汁品质指标变化规律分析

对蔗汁纯度、蔗汁转光度以及还原糖分随蔗汁蔗糖分增长的变化规律进行了分析。结果供试的湛江地区7个主要甘蔗品种各项品质指标表现为:在甘蔗成熟过程中,不同品种甘蔗随糖分积累的同时,纯度(包括简纯度和重力纯度)均不断增加,简纯度和重力纯度在交互变化,两者存在一个交点,交点后的纯度曲线趋于平稳。还原糖总量逐渐减少,但在成熟过程中,出现小的波动,转光度变化趋势与蔗汁蔗糖分最为一致。通过回归分析,对7个甘蔗品种蔗汁的6个主要品质指标,包括甘蔗蔗汁糖分(Suc)、还原糖分(Rs)、重力纯度(GP)、转光度(pol)、简纯度(AP)和锤度(Bx)进行数据分析。回归分析表明:甘蔗蔗汁糖分与其它5个品质指标呈线性关系。简单回归模型均达极显著水平(p<0.01)。通过逐步回归分析建立最优方程为:Suc=-4.47724939 0.03952629895AP 0.6598210692pol 0.3513029685Bx,方差分析表明多元回归模型达极显著水平(p<0.01),决定系数为0.997424。     

粳稻“龙锦1号/香软米1578” F3家系群糙米矿质元素含量变异及相关性分析

 利用粳稻品种间杂交组合“龙锦1号/香软米1578”的196份F3家系,对糙米中Fe、Se、Zn、Cu、Mn、Ca、Mg、K、Na和P等10种矿质元素含量的变异及其相关性进行了分析。 10种矿质元素在F3家系间均有较大的变异,其中Na含量变异最大,Zn含量变异最小,变异系数分别为77.69％和12.04％。各矿质元素含量的变异系数大小顺序为Na>Se>Cu>Fe>Mg>Mn>Ca>P>K>Zn。不同矿质元素含量也有较大的差异,F3家系群各矿质元素含量平均值高低排序为P>K>Mg>Ca>Fe>Mn>Zn>Na>Cu>Se。糙米中10种矿质元素含量在F3家系群中均表现为正态分布,为由多基因控制的数量性状。Zn与Fe、Cu,Mn与Mg、Ca、K、P,Ca与Mg、K、Na、P,Mg与K、P,P与K、Na含量呈显著或极显著正相关,而Fe与Se、Mn与Na、Mg与Na含量呈显著或极显著负相关。Mn、Ca、Mg、K、P含量与其他矿质元素含量间的相关关系较Fe、Se、Cu、Zn含量与其他矿质元素含量间的相关关系更为密切。     

砍后露天堆放对甘蔗品种工艺性状和鲜重的影响

通过测定3个主要栽培品种的原料蔗不同堆放期主要工艺性状和鲜重的变化情况,探讨品种间砍后露天堆放原料蔗工艺品质方面的差异,筛选出符合榨季生产需要的栽培品种。结果表明:露天堆放3d,甘蔗蔗糖分和蔗汁重力纯度的变化不大,而蔗汁还原糖分、甘蔗纤维分和鲜重的变化较大;随着堆放时间的延长,甘蔗蔗糖分和蔗汁重力纯度的降幅也在增加,而蔗汁还原糖分和甘蔗纤维分的增幅不断加大,鲜重的损失也在增大,显示原料蔗工艺品质变劣加剧。结果还表明,台糖90-7909是个工艺性状相对较稳定的栽培品种。     

广西兴宾蔗区土壤养分状况分析

对广西兴宾蔗区的种蔗土壤的养分状况进行了全面的调查分析。结果表明,土壤有效N、P、K含量处于中等或中下水平,与高产土壤条件相比仍有较大差距。在各种微量元素中,B最为缺乏,其次是S、Mg,Zn、Cu和Mn也有可能缺乏。因此在甘蔗施肥时应该十分重视N、P、K肥的施用,并配合施用B、S、Mg等中微量元素,适当考虑施用Zn、Cu、Mn等微量元素。     

西施柚果发育过程中金属营养元素生理研究

研究西施柚果实发育过程K、Ca、Mg、Zn、Cu、Mn、Fe共7种金属营养元素的含量与分布、吸收规律及其与活性氧代谢的相关性.结果表明:(1)4～6月、6～8月和8～10月分别是果皮迅速生长期、果肉迅速生长期和果实转色成熟期.(2)果皮和果肉中K、Mg、Zn、Cu、Mn、Fe的含量均随果实的发育总体呈递减规律(果皮中Ca的含量相反),但7种元素的吸收总量则不断增加.K含量位居7种元素之首.K、Zn、Fe以果肉居多,Ca、Mg、Mn主要分布在果皮,Cu在果皮果肉中的含量相当.(3)7种元素的累积主要集中在6～8月果肉迅速增长期,K、Ca和Fe在10月果实成熟期也有较大的吸收.K的吸收率与单果重增长率呈极显著正相关,Ca和Fe与单果重、Mg和Cu与果肉直径呈显著正相关.(4)7种元素中K与其它元素的相关性显著率较高,Ca和Cu以负相关为主.(5)Mn和K与活性氧代谢指标相关性较显著,其次是Zn、Fe和Mg,Ca和Cu均不显著.     

香草兰花芽分化期叶片矿质元素变化研究

以香草兰花芽和叶芽功能叶为试验材料,研究其在香草兰花芽分化期矿质元素含量动态变化及差异。结果表明：在香草兰花芽分化期,叶芽和花芽功能叶N含量呈上升趋势,P、K呈下降趋势;Mg、Mn呈先升高后下降趋势,Cu、Zn反之;Ca、Fe、B含量波动频繁且花芽和叶芽功能叶变化不一致。整个香草兰花芽分化期中,花芽功能叶N、P、K含量均低于叶芽功能叶,Mg、Mn、Cu、Zn含量高于叶芽功能叶,二者的Ca、Fe、B含量呈高低波动,无统一规律。     

氮磷钾肥对稻米铁、锌、铜、锰、镁、钙含量和产量的影响

 采用田间试验，在四川省西昌市用两个水稻品种研究了氮、磷、钾肥施用量对稻米中铁、锌、铜、锰、镁、钙含量和产量的影响。结果表明，稻米中铁、锌、铜、锰、镁、钙含量均随着施氮量增加先上升后下降，滇屯502的铁、锌、铜、锰、镁、钙含量和产量都以施用90 kg/hm2 N最高，稻谷产量以施用180 kg/hm2 N最高；而合系39的铁、锌、铜、锰、镁、钙的含量以施用180 kg/hm2 N最高，稻谷产量以施用270 kg/hm2 N最高，说明供试籼型品种滇屯502对氮肥的敏感性较粳型品种合系39强；磷肥明显降低了稻米中铁、铜、锰、钙的含量和产量，适量增施磷肥有利于增加稻米中镁的含量和产量；适量施用钾肥有利于提高稻米中铁、锌、铜、锰含量和产量，两供试品种铁、锌、铜、锰含量均以90 kg/hm2 K2O时最高，而钾肥明显降低了稻米中镁、钙的含量和产量。     

Correlation of Plant Morphological and Grain Quality Traits with Mineral Element Contents in Yunnan Rice

Correlations between four grain quality, 24 plant morphological traits and eight element contents of 653 accessions from Yunnan rice were analyzed. P, K, Ca and Mg contents of core collection were closely correlated to the most plant morphological and grain quality traits, and there were highly significant correlations （P 〈0.01） among some traits including P content to number of stems and tillers, K content and amylose content, Ca content and plant height, Mg content and protein content. Mn, Zn, Cu and Fe contents of core collection were closely related to a few traits, such as Fe content and gel consistency （-0.1121^＊＊）, Zn content and seed setting rate （-0.1411^＊＊）, Cu content and number of grains per panicle （-0.1398^＊＊）, Mn content and plant height （-0.2492^＊＊）.     

Influences of Cadmium on Grain Mineral Nutrient Contents of Two Rice Genotypes Differing in Grain Cadmium Accumulation

A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of Cd on grain Cd, K, P, Mg, Zn, Cu, Pb, Fe and Mn accumulation in two rice genotypes (Xiushui 63 and Xiushui 217) differing in grain Cd accumulation under four Cd levels, i.e. 0, 0.5, 2.5 and 12.5 mg/kg. Rice genotype greatly affected the grain K content, but not significantly for P, Mg, Zn, Cu, Pb, Fe and Mn contents. There were remarkable effects of additional Cd on the contents of P, Mg and Zn in grains, while not significant for K, Cu, Pb, Fe and Mn contents. No significant differences were found in the interaction of genotype by additional Cd on these nine element contents. The low grain Cd accumulation genotype Xiushui 217 had significantly higher grain K, Mg, Cu and Mn contents than the high grain Cd accumulation genotype Xiushui 63, but the case was opposite for Zn, Pb and Fe contents. It also showed that Cd addition levels significantly influenced the K, P, Mg, Zn, Cu, Pb, Fe and Mn contents in rice grains. Grain K, P, Mg, Zn, Fe and Mn contents reduced with the increasing rate of Cd addition.     

The influence of potassium fertilizer application on tuber yield and mineral element content of potato petioles during the growing season

Potassium was applied at rates equivalent to 0, 135, and 250 pounds per acre (0, 151, 180 kg K/ha) to study the effect of soil applied K on tuber yields and concentration of mineral elements in the petioles of potato plants during growth both measured at 14 day intervals. Petioles were analyzed for N, P, K, Ca, Fe, Mg, Zn, Cu, Al, Mn, and B. Seasonal trends in petiolar K content were highly correlated with tuber bulking regardless of rate of K application. Increasing K application rates generally increased petiolar levels of K and Zn (early in the season) and decreased the levels of N, Mg, Ca, Zn (late in the season), Al, Fe, Cu, and B in the petioles. Concentrations of P and Mn were unaffected by K applications. Seasonal trends in the mineral element content of petioles were not influenced by K. Results indicate that a prediction model for tuber yield based upon trends in the K content of petioles is valid under differing soil levels of K.     

The influence of mist irrigatioin on the potato: III. Nutrient content of leaves

The influence of irrigation method on nutrient content of potato leaves throughout the season was assessed during three years. Low gallonage “mist” irrigation (M), furrow irrigation (F), mist plus furrow (MF), and no irrigation (NI) were compared. Leaf blades and petioles from Kennebec (1967, 1968, 1969) and Irish Cobbler (1968, 1969) plants were analyzed for P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mo, Mn, Cu, B and N. Levels of Mo, Mn, Cu and B did not differ either between treatments or during the season. Leaves from different irrigation methods did not differ consistently in levels of N, K, Mg, Ca or Fe. However, during the latter part of two seasons NI plants contained less P and K and more Fe than M or MF plants. F plants were similar to NI plants in nutrient content except that P was lower in the latter. No matter what the irrigation method, N declined as plants matured. Irrigation treatment did not influence the K or Fe levels of petioles consistently. On several sampling dates MF plants were intermediate. Leaves and petioles of M and MF plants consistently contained more Zn throughout all three seasons than non-irrigated or furrow irrigated plants and, in conctrast to the latter, Zn content did not decline as plants matured.     

镁素处理对艾纳香药材生物量和营养元素积累的影响

以一年生艾纳香种子苗为实验材料,用七水合硫酸镁提供镁素,测定生长期艾纳香生长指标和生物量,采用 凯氏定氮仪测定艾纳香药材氮含量,采用钼锑抗比色法测定磷含量,以及采用原子吸收光谱法测定艾纳香药材钾、钙、 镁、铁、锰、铜和锌含量,以研究镁素对艾纳香药材生物量和营养元素积累的影响。结果表明：镁素显著增加了艾纳 香叶长、叶宽、株高和地径等生长指标,显著增加了艾纳香药材叶片、茎和叶茎总生物量,对叶茎生物量比影响不显 著;镁素对艾纳香叶片中氮含量影响不显著,钙和铁含量显著降低,1.5 mg/mL 镁素处理组磷、钾和镁含量显著高于其 他处理组,15 mg/mL 镁素处理组锰、锌和铜含量最低,显著低于其他处理组。在艾纳香生长期施加镁素可以促进艾纳 香生长,提高药材生物量,显著促进磷、钾和镁积累,抑制钙和铁的吸收,对氮影响不显著,15 mg/mL 镁素处理组锰、 锌和铜含量最低。     

铜与锌对茶树生育特性及生理代谢的影响Ⅲ．施铜对茶树体内铜及其他矿质元素吸收的影响

###################################