蒲桃嫁接莲雾试验研究

同一嫁接时间、同一砧木高度,对蒲桃和莲雾进行不同砧木、不同品种莲雾和不同部位接穗试验。结果表明,以莲雾为砧木时,嫁接成活率远高于蒲桃砧木;同一砧木嫁接不同品种莲雾时,嫁接成活率差异不显著;接穗选择中基部枝条时嫁接成活率极显著高于梢部枝条。在莲雾种苗繁育时,最好选择中基部枝条作为接穗、莲雾作为砧木。     

莲雾设施栽培周年管理技术

正莲雾(Eugenia javanica Lam)属桃金娘科蒲桃属常绿小乔木,又名天桃、水蒲桃或洋蒲桃,原产马来半岛及印度。因其具有较高的经济价值、营养价值、药用价值和观赏价值,深受广大种植者和消费者喜爱,而且随着设施栽培的进步和"南果北移"技术的发展,莲雾的设施栽培成了现代都市农业发展的一个亮点,但由于莲雾为热带果树,其生长发育规律受设施条件影响,所以莲雾     

莲雾高产优质栽培技术

莲雾原产马来半岛,又名辈雾、洋蒲桃和爪哇蒲桃等,为桃金娘科蒲桃属热带常绿乔木果树。近几年在我国福建、广西、广东和海南等省份种植。莲雾植株2~3米,主干周径21~27厘米,树冠圆头状,叶片为单叶对生。花为聚伞花序顶生或腋生,每个花序有3~9朵乳白色的小花,结果部位以树体中内部为主,正造果成熟在     

不同贮藏温度及包装对莲雾采后生理和贮后品质的影响

莲雾Syzygium spp.,是桃金娘科Myrtaceae蒲桃属植物。莲雾果实色泽美观,富含营养,果实除鲜食外还可加工成果汁饮料、果酱等产品。莲雾为热带水果,果皮极薄,果肉含水分多,不耐贮藏。本试验采用不同贮藏温度和包装处理莲雾果实,研究其对采后生理和贮藏品质的影响,对于解决莲雾果实的贮运问题,提高莲雾的经济效益具有重要的理论与实践意义。     

大粉红莲雾的引种观察及栽培技术

莲雾又名洋蒲桃，金山蒲桃，系桃金娘科，蒲桃属植物，原产马亚西亚、印度尼西亚和印度。我国广东，海南，福建，广西，云南和四川等省(区)有少量栽培。目前以台湾省栽培最多，具有较高的经济价值，成为该省发展最迅速的果树。大粉红莲雾是莲雾中的优质新品种，该品种于2001年春引进我所，共栽种．20株，高接换种8株。生长快，易管理。     

莲雾的设施栽培技术

莲雾又名洋蒲桃，属桃金娘科蒲桃属的热带多年生常绿乔木果树。目前在我国台湾地区有较大面积栽培，广东、福建等沿海亚热带地区也有少量栽培。     

优质热带水果--莲雾

莲雾 (Ｓｙｚｙｇｉｕｍｓａｍａｒａｎｇｅｎｓｅ (Ｂｌ )Ｍｅｒｒ ｅｔＰｅｒｒｙ ) ,又名洋蒲桃、爪哇蒲桃和金山蒲桃等 ,系桃金娘科 (Ｍｙｒｔａｃｅａｅ) ,蒲桃属植物。原产马来西亚、印度尼西亚和印度 ,17世纪我国台湾最早引种。是著名的热带水果。目前 ,我国广东、海南、福建、广西、云南和四川等省 (区 )均有少量栽培。1　特征特性1.1　生物学特性　西双版纳热带植物园于 1982年引种栽培莲雾。据观察 ,19年生树株高 9 0ｍ ,冠幅7 8ｍ× 6 5ｍ。分枝部位低 ,分枝多 ,树冠自然圆头形。嫩枝扁、暗红色 ,老枝灰褐色 ,新梢淡绿色或紫红…     

洋蒲祧盆栽技术

洋蒲桃（Syzygium samarangense）又叫莲雾、水蒲桃等。桃金娘科蒲桃属常绿乔木果树,原产马来半岛。树高可达10多米,树干多分枝,树冠自然圆头形。聚伞花序顶生或腋生,花数朵至十几朵,有花瓣4枚,白色果实下垂,钟形或扁圆锥形,常数个到十几个生总状着生;果皮薄。蜡质有光泽,果色有乳白色、浅绿色、粉红色或红色;果肉白色。海绵质,汁少,味酸甜。具苹果香．     

黑珍珠莲雾在福建沿海的生产技术

莲雾Syzygium samarangense(Blume.)Merr.et Perry正式中文名洋蒲桃,又名琏雾、辈雾、天桃、紫蒲桃、爪哇蒲桃等,原产于马来西亚及安达曼群岛[1].莲雾最早引种我国台湾,目前在海南、福建、广东、广西、云南、四川等地有栽培.莲雾果肉质脆,多汁,有淡薄苹果香味,微甜爽口,果肉带有海绵质,含蛋白质0.35％、碳水化合物5.97％、矿物质0.21％、粗纤维0.46％等营养成分[2-3],还含有维生素C、铁及钙等等微量元素.莲雾除供鲜食外,亦可盐渍、糖渍、制成果汁或供烹调、装饰观赏.中医认为莲雾除清凉解渴外,尚有利尿、散热及宁静神经,防治口舌生疮、鹅口疮、疮疡湿烂、阴痒、肺燥咳嗽、糖尿病等功效[1,4].     

黑珍珠莲雾栽培技术

莲雾Syzygium samarangense(Bi.)Merr.etPerry又称洋蒲桃,是热带常绿果树,原产马来半岛。莲雾分枝低,树姿优美,生长快,产量高,易繁殖,绿叶层厚,是用于绿化、观赏和遮阳防晒的优良树种。果实呈倒圆锥形,果皮有蜡质光泽,有乳白、青绿、粉红、黑色及深红等几种颜色。果肉海绵状,味     

莲雾转录组SSR信息分析及其分子标记开发

对莲雾[Syzygium samarangense（Bl.）Merr. et Perry]开展转录组测序分析,共获得87 538条Unigene。利用MISA软件搜索1 kb以上的21 153条Unigene,共检测出11 641个SSR位点,分布于8 115条Unigene中,出现频率为55.03%,平均分布距离为4.08 kb。优势重复基序为单核苷酸、二核苷酸和三核苷酸,分别占总SSR的43.44%、30.98%和24.38%。二核苷酸重复基元中以AG/CT为优势重复基元,占总位点的26.99%,三核苷酸重复基元以CCG/CGG为主。利用Primer 3.0共设计出25 734对SSR引物。从94对有效扩增引物中随机选择35对引物,对30个莲雾种质进行多态性验证分析,其中25对（占71.43%）引物表现稳定可重复的多态性。利用UPGMA作图,将30份供试材料分为2类。利用莲雾转录组数据进行SSR标记开发能获得较高频率的SSR位点,且类型丰富,可为莲雾遗传多样性分析和遗传图谱构建提供更丰富可靠的标记选择。     

莲雾ISSR反应体系的优化与应用

以黑珍珠莲雾为试材,对ISSR反应体系中的各个主要影响因子进行了优化筛选,结果表明,25μL ISSR反 应体系各组分的最适浓度分别为:1×Buffer(不含Mg2+)、2.0 mmol/L Mg2+、0.2 mmol/L dNTPs、Taq DNA聚合酶1.5 U、引 物0.2 μmol/L、模板1.0 ng/μL。此外,加入1.6％的甲酰胺有利于减轻背景噪音的干扰。并利用该优化体系对12个连 雾类型和2个近缘种进行了ISSR扩增,证实了该体系稳定可靠。     

Ultrastructure of epicuticular wax aggregates during fruit development in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.)

Summary

Development of wax platelets on the surface of ‘Delicious’ (Malus domestica Borkh.) apple fruit was investigated throughout the growing season using field emission scanning electron microscopy. At 5,000 and greater, wax crystalline structures appeared to be composed of microtubules (MT), aggregates of individual MT to form single platelets, and of one or more platelets. The thickness of a single wax platelet ranged from 116–128 nm, approximately the diameter of a single MT; whereas multiple-platelet aggregates ranged in thickness from 307–428 nm. Individual platelets, multiple platelet aggregates and MT were visible throughout fruit development, as well as on different apple cultivars. Examination of the cuticle from young fruitlets (receptacle diameter = 3 mm) of ‘Chinese Crabapple’ (M. hupehensis Rehd.), which develops without trichomes, best demonstrated early platelet formation. A model for wax platelet and cuticle development on apple is proposed based on these data.     

苹果α-法尼烯和共轭三烯含量变化与贮藏温度的关系

 以‘红星’苹果为试材，研究α-法尼烯和共轭三烯的合成和转化部位，试验表明，α-法尼烯在果实表皮角质层中大量合成，分别向外蜡质层和向内皮下细胞和果肉薄壁细胞双向转移，在果实表皮蜡质层或角质层中与氧接触，氧化生成共轭三烯和其它氧化产物；虎皮病发生、α-法尼烯与共轭三烯的含量都与贮藏温度呈显著的负相关。     

苹果LysM类受体激酶基因家族鉴定与表达分析

以LysM(PF01476)和Pkinase(PF00069)保守域全蛋白序列为种子序列,在全基因组范围比对分析了苹果(Malus×domestica Borkh.)LysM-RLK家族的成员,对其家族成员的理化性质、进化关系、染色体分布、基因结构等进行了分析;基于已公布的转录组学数据,分析了LysM-RLK基因在苹果组织、发育过程和生物胁迫中的表达情况。通过分析,共获得12个苹果LysM-RLK基因,其氨基酸序列大小介于553~1 053,分子量介于62.65~119.04 kD,等电点介于5.11~7.45,主要位于质膜;根据进化分析将其分为3个亚组,亚组内各成员的外显子—内含子结构呈现较为相似的特征。基因表达数据显示,苹果的4个LysM-RLK基因表达存在较大的组织特异性,7个基因在苹果腐烂病和再植病发病过程中为差异表达。     

Some Studies on the Cuticular Wax of Citrus Fruits

Some preliminary data on the natural wax coat of citrus fruits are presented. Thin-layer and column chromatography showed that the main differences from apple and grape waxes were the relatively higher percentage of esters, the lower percentage of alcohols and the apparent lack of triterpenoids. During fruit development in the Shamouti orange wax production was approximately balanced by surface growth, sos that the amount of wax per unit surface of rind was approximately constant for most of this period. When fruit growth was slowed down by winter temperatures and incipient senescence, the amount of wax per unit surface increased. Wax production continued (possibly at a greater rate) after the fruit had been severed from the tree. Wax removal was enhanced by successive treatments with chloroform. Weight losses of fruit in storage were proportional to the number of wax removals. Packing-house treatments did not remove natural wax but seemed to check its secretion by rind cells.     

苹果采后热空气处理对表面伤口愈合的影响

 以‘嘎拉’和‘红富士’苹果为对象，研究热空气处理（38°C 4d）对苹果伤口愈合的影响。扫描电镜观察发现，38°C 4d热空气处理能使苹果表面的果蜡融化，从而封堵微小伤口，并使真菌菌丝体胶囊化而失活，阻止病原菌的入侵。与人工刺伤后立即接种病原菌相比较，苹果伤口在38°C或者20°C下处理 4d后再接种病原菌能显著提高伤口的抵抗能力，降低伤口处病害的发生和发展。与20°C处理相比，38°C热处理有利于‘红富士’苹果人工刺伤伤口的愈合，但是不利于‘嘎拉’的伤口愈合。     

苹果K~+转运蛋白基因家族鉴定及表达分析

利用苹果基因组筛选K~+转运蛋白基因,分析其系统发育关系,通过q RT-PCR检测它们在平邑甜茶各器官组织和不同发育阶段果实的表达特征。结果表明,在苹果中存在65个K~+转运蛋白基因,包括CHX家族(33个)、HAK家族(24个)、HKT家族(1个)和KEA家族(7个),它们与拟南芥K~+转运蛋白基因高度同源,其基因结构相对保守,并且不均匀地分布在13条染色体上。定量表达分析发现,K~+转运蛋白基因具有不同的表达模式,其中在根中高度表达的32个,在叶片中高度表达的12个,在茎尖中高度表达的11个,在果实中高度表达的19个。研究结果为揭示苹果K~+转运蛋白基因的功能提供了基础资料。     

1-甲基环丙稀处理对冷藏红星苹果蜡质中酚类含量及其抗氧化活性的影响

 以‘红星’苹果为试材,研究了1-MCP和DPA处理对冷藏苹果果实蜡质中酚类物质及抗氧化活性的影响。结果表明：冷藏期间所有苹果蜡质中总酚和黄酮含量均呈现先升高后降低的变化趋势。1 μL·L^-11-MCP和2 g·L^－1DPA处理提高了蜡质中的总酚和类黄酮含量。各处理苹果蜡质的甲醇提取物能有效清除DPPH自由基和ABTS⁺自由基。酚类物质含量与抗氧化活性之间显著正相关。     

Temperature affects color and quality characteristics of ‘Pink’ wax apple fruit discs

Red color plays a very important role when wax apple fruits are purchased. Temperature is one of the key factors among those influencing red color development. We evaluated the effects of temperature on color formation and other quality characteristics of ‘Pink’ wax apple fruit discs by using constant, slow-increase, fast-increase, transient shifting to high temperature, shifting to high temperature for different length of time and different day/night temperature regimes. The results show temperature has pronounced effects on quality attributes of wax apple fruit discs. Anthocyanin and total soluble solid (TSS) were greatest in the 20 °C treated discs under constant temperatures. In the slow-increase and fast-increase treatments, quality attributes in disc were better in treatments with a final temperature of 25 °C than of 30 °C. The concentration of soluble sugars (SS), starch, total phenolic compounds (TPC), free amino acids (FAA) and soluble protein (SP) all decreased with increasing temperature. Transient shifting to high temperature of 30 °C for 1-day had no effect on pigmentation but treatment periods from 3- to 5-days had a substantial adverse effect. At 30 °C for 5-days, exposed discs had the lightest weight and shortest diameter as well. Both SS and TPC decreased in the 3- and 5-day treatments. When temperature was shifted from 20 to 30 °C for 2 to 11 days, the widest and heaviest discs were found in the 5-day treatment. Anthocyanin and TSS concentration decreased following increased length of exposure to high temperature. Pigmentation of discs exposed to high temperature treatment was worse than in uncultured controls. Both protein and FAA concentrations decreased after culture. Among the 5 different day/night temperature combinations, discs under 25/20 °C had the highest anthocyanin and TSS concentrations, while those under 30/15 °C had the worst.