宠物犬皮肤病的病因分析与防治措施

当前,越来越多的人开始饲养宠物,犬类是人们饲养数量最多的宠物种类。皮肤病是犬类夏季容易感染的疾病之一,对人和犬类都有很大的危害。本文浅述了宠物犬感染皮肤病的病因以及防治措施,以期为爱犬人士提供科学养犬的参考。     

中国宠物产业发展新模式--访北京观赏动物医院院长凌凤俊

宠物饲养在我国有着悠久的历史，在《史记》中就有秦代宫廷养犬的记载．由于多年的驯养．我国培育出一些珍贵的犬种资源．如北京犬、狮子犬、沙皮犬、巴哥犬等．深受人们的喜爱。过去．饲养宠物是达官显贵的专利。20世纪80年代中后期．由于人们生活水平提高．过去名贵的犬猫等宠物悄然走进寻常百姓家。“宠物”一词的出现和流行．拉近了人与动物之间的距离．     

城市犬类管理制度探讨

在人类文明的发展史上．犬是不可缺少的助手．作为驯养动物．已有一万多年的历史了。随着中国经济的发展．近几年来．中国城乡居民养犬数量剧增．保守估计中国目前约有一亿多只犬。北京、上海、广州、重庆和武汉被并称为“中国五大宠物城市”。由于管理体制的滞后、法律法规的不健全、管理力量的薄弱、我国城市的犬类管理面临严峻的形势．如未注册犬的数量众多、流浪犬在社会上的急剧增加、犬类伤人事件时有发生、犬吠扰民事件投诉不断等。如何满足市民的需求．适应城市犬类的增加趋势．     

浅谈峨山县城市养犬管理现状及对策

随着人们生活水平的提高,犬类作为宠物饲养的情况普遍存在,养犬在满足人们生活需要的同时也出现了一些问题,比如犬类伤人、扰民、随意溜犬、犬粪便污染、犬疫病等。现结合峨山县城市养犬管理采取的措施和存在的问题,提出建议和措施,进一步规范今后养犬管理。     

泰州市宠物犬狂犬病免疫情况调查

<正>狂犬病是由狂犬病病毒引起的人畜共患病,广泛分布于全世界,是一种自然免疫源性疾病,很难控制[1]。我国是狂犬病的高发区,死亡人数一直位居全球第2位[2]。近年来,泰州市犬的饲养量快速增加,被犬伤害的人数也不断增加,给泰州市宠物犬类的免疫敲响警钟。为了解泰州市宠物犬类的免疫情况,为正确有效地防控狂犬病提供依据,笔者对泰州市部分宠物诊疗单位和宠物交易市场及养犬家庭进行宠物犬狂犬病免疫抽样调查,现将调查情况报道如下。1材料与方法     

一例犬桡骨骨折内固定术与外固定辅助诊疗

正目前,宠物临床对于犬骨折病例多采用单纯内固定或单纯外固定方式进行治疗,由于犬类喜动等天性,单纯的内外固定,往往达不到较好的治疗结果。笔者接诊了一例阿拉斯加犬被木棍击打以至桡骨骨折病例,采用内固定结合外固定辅助诊疗并进行后期的精心护理,患犬骨折康复。对此病例进行分析探讨,以期为宠物临床犬骨折诊疗提供参考。近年来,随着国内宠物饲养的不断增多,国内宠物诊疗行业也随之飞速发展,宠物临床上犬类骨折病例也随     

杭州市宠物犬类的免疫现状调查和建议

随着人民生活水平的不断提高,宠物及由宠物引发的问题越来越受到社会的关注.近年来,人畜共患的狂犬病致人死亡事件呈上升趋势,给杭州市宠物犬类的免疫敲响了警钟.为了提高宠物犬类的免疫率,保护人民群众的人身安全,我们调查了杭州市部分宠物诊疗单位和宠物交易市场的现状及问题,现将情况报告如下.     

一起牧羊犬的维生素B1缺乏症

牧羊犬生长发育快，临床上营养缺乏症较宠物类犬易发。笔者门诊上遇有一起牧羊犬维生素B1（V81）缺乏症。现总结报告如下：     

雌性犬膀胱结石18例

犬尿石症为宠物常见病，雌犬的膀胱结石也有报道，两年来，我们在宠物临床诊疗中以手术治疗母犬膀胱结石１８例，发现其发病率在犬类泌尿道疾病中有所升高。现介绍如下，供从事宠物临床诊疗工作同行参考。１病因膀胱结石病因较复杂，各有关参考资料均有论述，包括日粮配合不当、饮水不足、代谢紊乱、尿液pH变化、尿长期潴留、肾及尿路感染、尿液中粘蛋白过多、甲状腺机能亢进导致血钙增加尿液晶体浓度增高，血液钙磷比例失调等因素均可促进尿石在膀胱中形成并增大。本地区发病犬除以上病因之外，由于主人条件较好，过于溺爱，过多饲喂高蛋…     

哈尔滨犬类市场卫生监督和展望

随着社会的发展和人民生活水平的提高 ,宠物已经成为人们生活中的一种时尚 ,越来越多的人把饲养宠物作为业余生活的一部分。哈尔滨市宠物的饲养势头不断升温 ,犬类诊疗和犬类养殖行业应运而生 ,并得到很大的发展。但是 ,犬类诊疗和养殖业在发展的同时也暴露出一些不尽人意的问题。如医疗事故的发生 ,诊疗收费不规范 ,个别不法者为牟取暴利 ,从外省市贩运犬来哈销售 ,因流通检疫和对犬主管理不善 ,造成疫病流行和恶犬伤人等问题时有发生。所以 ,加强对犬类诊所和犬类养殖场的兽医卫生监督工作 ,强化行业协会服务功能 ,显得尤为重要。1　提高…     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1991

In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.