无明矾粉条加工技术

<正>内蒙古农业大学食品科学与工程学院研发的无明矾粉条加工技术具有以下优点:1不添加明矾,解决了干粉和鲜湿粉条加工食用时的断条、糊汤、粘连等问题;2适用范围广,马铃薯淀粉、红薯淀粉、木薯淀粉、绿豆淀粉加工粉丝粉条均可     

薯类磨浆分离机的使用与维修

我国盛产马铃薯、红薯等薯类。入冬以后,农民常使用薯类加工机械,将薯类加工成淀粉或淀粉制品粉条、粉丝等。现以农村使用较多的6SF-20型薯类磨浆分离机为例,介绍其使用与维修技术,供农民朋友参考。     

高平市的富民薯业

高平市富民薯类制品有限公司是一家民营股份制企业，成立于2002年，公司总部在山西省高平市河西镇的经济开发区，占地面积3.5hm^2。公司成立3年来，紧紧围绕红薯产业加工做章，根据市场的发展趋势和消费的消费心理，加工各种以红薯为原料的食品，其中宴中乐牌优质红薯淀粉及其红薯淀粉深加工系列产品获山西省优质产品称号，公司在2005年又上马淀粉水晶粉条，水晶粉皮等国内最先进的加工生产线，现有员工200余名。     

薯类粉条机的使用与保养

薯类粉条机主要用于薯类淀粉加工制成各种不同的粉条。现以SG-106型粉条机为例,重点介绍该机的使用及保养。     

甘薯生长特性及丰产栽培技术

正甘薯又称红薯、地瓜,适应性强,产量高、稳产性好,是我国常见的粮食作物之一;块根营养丰富,富含淀粉、糖类、膳食纤维、β-胡萝卜素、维生素、蛋白质、氨基酸和微量元素等;茎尖富含蛋白质、胡萝卜素、维生素C和铁等,可作蔬菜食用;具有促进肠胃蠕动、通便排毒、减肥、降胆固醇、防癌抗癌、防心脑血管疾病等医疗保健功能,是深受人们喜爱的食、菜、药兼用作物及食品加工(粉条)、化工原     

南瓜粉的加工方法

南瓜属葫芦科南瓜属,别名中国南瓜、番瓜、倭瓜、饭瓜等,古称金瓜,含丰富的胡萝卜素。鲜瓜可做菜或饲料,也可加工成脱水南瓜片、南瓜粉、南瓜酱、南瓜罐头和南瓜果脯等。近年来南瓜粉已成为我国的重要出口创汇产品之一,其加工方法比较简单。     

农之龙昂起龙头向前奔

山西农之龙绿色食品开发有限公司,是1999年成立的股份制企业。在党和政府调整产业结构政策的指引下,几年来公司发展迅猛,目前已成为一家集科研、开发、种植、加工、销售为一体的农副产品深加工企业。公司现有自动化红薯、大枣、豆类加工生产线5条,生产具有高营养的系列功能粉丝、粉条、粉皮、粉带、快餐粉丝等5大系列20多种绿色食品。此系列产品已被中国绿色食品发展中心认定为绿色食品,其中无明矾系列产品也通过山西省经贸委组织的鉴定。农之龙粉丝产品具有食疗功能,其特点是晶莹透明、爽滑润口、方便快捷、一泡即食。产品采用全封闭流水线…     

黄籽南瓜杂交制种技术

本文所指的黄籽南瓜品种（C．moschata D）是中国南瓜与中国南瓜的杂交种,种子呈土黄色,较小,不同于以前的白籽南瓜（印度南瓜与印度南瓜或印度南瓜与中国南瓜的杂交种,种子呈白色,较大）,故称其为黄籽南瓜。黄籽南瓜是黄瓜嫁接专用砧木,嫁接黄瓜亲和性好,嫁接后的商品黄瓜光亮,无蜡粉．明显提高黄瓜商品性,优于黑籽南瓜、白籽南瓜、葫芦等砧木,深受菜农欢迎。现将其制种技术介绍如下：     

红薯高产种植技术推广应用探析

红薯属于旱地作物,因其具有丰富的营养价值与较高的经济价值,被国内众多农户所选择。鄂尔多斯由于其特殊地理位置与气候条件,尤其适合红薯的大面积种植。本文就鄂尔多斯地区红薯的种植技术进行探讨,从选种、育苗、种植、田间管理,以及病虫害防治等几个方面分析红薯的高产栽培技术,希望为提高红薯产量,促进鄂尔多斯地区红薯产业经济效益的增长提供一些参考依据。     

芸豆营养粉条的研制及品质特性的研究

通过单因素及正交试验,研制一种新型芸豆营养粉条。考察预糊化芸豆全粉添加量、复合磷酸盐用量及瓜尔豆胶的用量3因素对芸豆营养粉条品质特性的影响。结果表明,芸豆营养粉条优化制备工艺参数为预糊化芸豆全粉添加量30%,复合磷酸盐用量0.5%,瓜尔豆胶用量0.8%时,芸豆粉条产品熟断条率仅为4.8%±0.2%,糊汤透光率高达84.8%±0.3%,综合品质评分高达95.6分。芸豆营养粉条色泽光亮,煮后有弹性和延展性,口感爽滑适口,具有特有的豆香味。     

春马铃薯间套两茬燕麦生产研究

为研究农业中,粮食生产与牧草发展争地矛盾的实际问题,本论文利用马铃薯和燕麦为实验材料设置了三个处理：马铃薯净作、燕麦净作和马铃薯燕麦间作。结果表明：马铃薯和燕麦间作有利于马铃薯出苗和前期营养生长;马铃薯间套两茬燕麦的经济产量达43450.4kghm-2,比净作马铃薯增加经济产量28.07%;但间作显著降低了马铃薯块茎产量和商品薯率,间作马铃薯块茎产量仅是净作的32.38%。本研究结果初步表明：马铃薯间套两茬燕麦,一茬收获籽实,一茬收割牧草,这种缓解粮食与牧草生产争地矛盾的粮草间作模式是可行的。     

中国马铃薯贸易与营销策略分析

马铃薯贸易和营销对促进马铃薯消费、发展马铃薯产业具有重要的作用。从贸易和销售的角度出发,分析了在新常态和新形势下中国马铃薯产业发展的特点,提出了促进马铃薯产业健康发展的贸易策略和营销策略。研究结论表明：（1）中国是马铃薯生产和消费大国,贸易小国,出口以鲜薯为主。（2）中国马铃薯生产价格底线约为0.82元/kg。（3）马铃薯市场价格波动频繁,价格季节波动明显。（4）马铃薯营销方式传统,营养价值认识不足,消费形式单一,制约国内马铃薯消费。（5）营造良好的贸易发展环境,积极开拓国际市场,推动马铃薯主食化和综合利用产品的消费,促进马铃薯贸易和消费。     

Insect resistance in potatoes: sources,evolutionary relationships,morphological and chemical defenses,and ecogeographical associations

Summary The past 25 years, 1686 potato accessions, representing 100 species in the genus Solanum L., subgenus Potatoe, section Petota, were evaluated for field resistance to one or more of the following insect pests: green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer); potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas); Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say); potato flea beetle, Epitrix cucumeris (Harris); and potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae (Harris). Accessions highly resistant to green peach aphid were identified within 36 species, to potato aphid within 24 species, to Colorado potato beetle within 10 species, to potato flea beetle within 25 species, and to potato leafhopper within 39 species. Resistance levels were characteristic within Solanum species. Insect resistance appears to be a primitive trait in wild potatoes. Susceptibility was most common in the primitive and cultivated Tuberosa. Insect resistance was also characteristic of the most advanced species. The glycoalkaloid tomatine was associated with field resistance to Colorado potato beetle and potato leafhopper. Other glycoalkaloids were not associated with field resistance at the species level. Dense hairs were associated with resistance to green peach aphid, potato flea beetle, and potato leafhopper. Glandular trichomes were associated with field resistance to Colorado potato beetle, potato flea beetle, and potato leafhopper. Significant correlations between insect score and altitude of original collection were observed in six of thirteen species. Species from hot and arid areas were associated with resistance to Colorado potato beetle, potato flea beetle, and potato leafhopper. Species from cool or moist areas tended to be resistant to potato aphid.Abbreviations EBN Endosperm Balance Number     

新型专用配方肥对马铃薯产量及品质的影响

通过马铃薯田间小区试验,研究新型专用配方肥对马铃薯产量和品质的影响。结果表明,专用肥处理的薯块产量比普通肥料处理增产7.6%;比当地习惯施肥增产14.4%。而且能改善马铃薯的营养品质和商品品质,与普通肥料处理相比,薯块中的淀粉和Vc分别提高0.2%和4.5mg/l00g,大中薯率增加3.6%;与习惯施肥相比,淀粉和Vc分别提高0.7%和4.7mg/l00g,大中薯率增加9.1%。专用配方肥还能提高养分利用率,与普通肥料相比,氮磷钾利用率分别提高7.9%、4.3%、8.8%;与习惯施肥相比,除钾外氮磷利用率分别提高26.6%和15.7%。因此,新型专用配方肥能明显提高薯块产量、品质及肥料养分利用率,效益显著。     

川东北旱地马铃薯多熟高效种植新模式效益分析

为丰富川东北旱地马铃薯多熟高效种植模式及提高旱地种植效益,以传统“小麦/玉米/甘薯”模式为对照,在川东北丘陵区旱地设置“春马铃薯/玉米/甘薯”和“小麦+冬马铃薯/玉米/甘薯”2种新模式,观测其周年原粮产量和经济效益。结果表明,在2年平均值上,“春马铃薯/玉米/甘薯”模式的原粮产量与对照差异不显著,但其总产值和纯收益均显著高于对照,分别较对照高52.16%和53.25%,且其劳动净产率比对照高14.85%;而“小麦+冬马铃薯/玉米/甘薯”模式的原粮产量和总产值均显著高于对照,但其纯收益和劳动净产率分别较对照低20.32%和17.07%。2个新模式的物质费用收益率和成本收益率均低于对照。综合比较,“春马铃薯/玉米/甘薯”模式可作为传统“小麦/玉米/甘薯”模式的替代方案进行推广应用。     

Geographic distribution of insect resistance in potatoes

Potato germplasm accessions representing 92 Solanum species and associated with known coordinates of latitude, longitude, and elevation were rated for resistance to one or more of the following potato insect pests: green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer); potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas); Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say); potato flea beetle, Epitrix cucumeris (Harris); and potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae (Harris), in Minnesota field trials (1966–1986). Chi-square tests were used to determine if the proportion of resistant accessions differed from expected among altitude classes, small geographic quadrants (4° latitude by 4° longitude), and larger geographic regions (Mexico-USA, Colombia-Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and Argentina). Resistant potatoes were not evenly distributed throughout North and South America. Fourteen quadrants were identified that had greater or fewer resistant accessions than expected. The Mexico-USA potatoes as a group had more resistance than expected to all insects except Colorado potato beetle. Potatoes from Colombia and Ecuador were less resistant than expected to all but green peach aphid. Potatoes from Peru were more resistant than expected to green peach aphid. Potatoes from Bolivia were less resistant than expected to potato aphid, but more resistant than expected to Colorado potato beetle, potato flea beetle, and potato leafhopper. Potatoes from Argentina were more resistant than expected to Colorado potato beetle and green peach aphid, but less resistant than expected to potato aphid and potato leafhopper. Potatoes from North America and collected at or below 2,500 m were more resistant than expected to green peach aphid, Colorado potato beetle and potato flea beetle. Potatoes from South America and elevations greater than 3,000 m were more resistant than expected to green peach aphid and potato aphid and those collected at or below 3,000 m were more resistant than expected to Colorado potato beetle, potato flea beetle and potato leafhopper.     

甘薯系列产品的加工

综述了甘薯系列产品的加工技术,如甘薯全粉、甘薯膳食纤维奶粉、脱水甘薯的产品特性及工艺条件和方法。     

甘薯酒类及饮料的开发

概述了以甘薯为原料进行酿酒,以及开发发酵甘薯饮料、甘薯茎叶保健饮料、甘薯叶保健茶、甘薯全质液态制品和甘薯酸奶制品的情况。     

山西省不同品种马铃薯凝集素质量分数分析

为研究山西省不同品种(品系)马铃薯凝集素的质量分数,通过对马铃薯凝集素粗提液进行大孔树脂柱层析法提纯,获得马铃薯凝集素溶液,然后采用测定吸光度与凝集活性效价的方法,评定了山西省大同市不同品种(品系)马铃薯凝集素质量分数高低。结果表明,大孔树脂柱层析法提纯马铃薯凝集素效果良好,滤液可以用于后续的分析测定。根据吸光值和凝血效果综合评定,不同品种(品系)马铃薯凝集素质量分数顺序为：05-32-7＞同薯23号＞晋薯27号＞同薯30号＞晋薯23号。     

稻田免耕稻草覆盖马铃薯的产量及商品性研究

于2004—2005年开展了稻田免耕稻草覆盖马铃薯不同密度和不同施肥田间试验,结果表明：在不同密度和肥料运筹处理下,马铃薯产量存在显著差异,以F1D4产量最高。在不同密度处理下马铃薯产量随马铃薯种植密度的提高而增产,马铃薯种植密度降低有利于形成大薯,平均单个薯重增加,提高商品性,提出稻田免耕稻草覆盖马铃薯最低密度不宜少于60000穴/hm2,高肥下可适当降低播种密度,低肥下应适当增加播种密度。