川东北旱地马铃薯多熟高效种植新模式效益分析

为丰富川东北旱地马铃薯多熟高效种植模式及提高旱地种植效益，以传统“小麦/玉米/甘薯”模式为对照，在川东北丘陵区旱地设置“春马铃薯/玉米/甘薯”和“小麦+冬马铃薯/玉米/甘薯”2种新模式，观测其周年原粮产量和经济效益。结果表明，在2年平均值上，“春马铃薯/玉米/甘薯”模式的原粮产量与对照差异不显著，但其总产值和纯收益均显著高于对照，分别较对照高52.16%和53.25%，且其劳动净产率比对照高14.85%；而“小麦+冬马铃薯/玉米/甘薯”模式的原粮产量和总产值均显著高于对照，但其纯收益和劳动净产率分别较对照低20.32%和17.07%。2个新模式的物质费用收益率和成本收益率均低于对照。综合比较，“春马铃薯/玉米/甘薯”模式可作为传统“小麦/玉米/甘薯”模式的替代方案进行推广应用。

Multi-cropping and High Efficient Planting Patterns of Potato in Northeastern Dryland of Sichuan: Benefit Analysis

The paper aims to enrich the multi-cropping and high efficient planting patterns and improve planting efficiency of potato in northeastern dryland of Sichuan, two new planting patterns “spring potato/maize/sweet potato” and “wheat+winter potato/maize/sweet potato” with traditional planting pattern “wheat/maize/sweet potato” as control were conducted to observe the annual unprocessed food grain yield and economic benefits. The results indicated that: there was no significant difference in unprocessed food grain yield between “spring potato/maize/sweet potato” and control, while the total output value and net benefits were significantly higher than control, by 52.16% and 53.25%, respectively. Moreover, the net labor productivity of “spring potato/maize/sweet potato” was 14.85% higher than control. The unprocessed food grain yield and total output value of “wheat+winter potato/maize/sweet potato” were significant higher than that of control, while the net benefits and net labor productivity were 20.32% and 17.07% lower than control. The rate of return of material cost and cost benefit ratio of both new planting patterns were lower than control. Comprehensive comparison, “spring potato/maize/sweet potato” could be used as the alternative pattern for popularization and application.