探析提高园林工程绿化生态效益的方案

现阶段,我国已进入资源节约型、环境友好型社会。本文就建立节约型社会的园林工程绿化生态效益相关措施进行简要分析。     

基于提升绿化覆盖率的老旧小区停车空间改造模式研究

首先概述了国内外老旧小区停车空间设计研究进展,然后在分析绿化覆盖率理论应用的基础上,从汽车泊位设计角度充分挖掘潜在停车位,从提升绿化覆盖率的创新视角提出了分类型老旧小区停车空间改造模式。以呼和浩特市老旧小区为例提出针对性改造策略,分析改造模式的实际操作性,旨在为今后同类型的老旧小区停车空间改造提供可参考性意见。     

精细化理念在城市园林绿化施工管理中的应用

现阶段,我国已进入资源节约型、环境友好型社会。园林绿化与养护管理也已按部就班进行,本文就在现代化施工管理中建立节约型社会的园林工程绿化生态效益的相关措施做浅要分析。     

造林绿化工程中苗木移栽技术的应用

面对日益严重的生态环境,近几年,我国加大了生态环境改善力度,人们环保意识也在不断提升,涉及到的造林绿化工程也越来越多,在构建环境友好型、生态和谐型社会中发挥着十分重要的作用。在造林绿化工程中,苗木移栽成活率作为绿化工程质量评价的重要指标,一旦出现移栽技术使用不合理的情况,不仅会影响苗木成活率,还会制约绿化工程作用的发挥。基于此,对造林绿化工程中苗木移栽技术展开分析和探讨。     

谈小区规划中园林景观设计的重要作用

小区内种植植物以美化小区环境,给人以绿色环绕和活力四射的感觉,能起到改善环境的作用。因此绿化质量是一个非常重要的评价小区居住环境的指标,同时在规划小区环境的园林景观设计当中,小区绿化是其景观设计中的重点内容。     

小区立体绿化建设探讨

随着人们生活质量的逐步提升,对住宅环境的需求进一步提高,绿色小区、生态小区逐渐成为人们生活质量提升的重要标志;人们的幸福指数不仅仅以小区绿色植被覆盖率的高低进行评价,小区立体绿化的要求被提上日程,充分利用各种空间或界面进行立体化设计~([1]),即在建筑物的墙体、构筑物、小区人工假山等进行绿化,是小区平面绿化的补充与完善。立体绿化也是缓解小区平面绿化不足的重要措施,改善小区环境,建设生态小区,提高业主舒适度的重要措施,本文对小区立体绿化建设进行探讨。     

华北居住区生态园林中的植物配置分析

对生态园林和植物配置以及华北居住区的植物种类选择进行探讨,指出存在问题,并推荐可行性的植物配置模式,为小区合理绿化和改善城市园林绿化中的生态效益提供参考。     

城市小区的绿化养护管理方法

随着我国经济的快速发展,城市建设力度不断加大,城市小区的建设日趋规模化,业主对小区的绿化覆盖和管理水平要求也随之提高。城市小区的绿化养护管理工作,应根据小区植被的具体分布情况以及各自的生长特性进行科学、合理的养护管理。本文结合城市小区的绿化管理原则,探讨其绿化管理的具体措施。     

小区绿化的意义及改善环境的功能

小区绿化是生态建设、环境建设以及创建“园林城区”的需要，具有改善环境的功能。小区绿化设计应以人为本，适应市场需求，摆脱纯观赏、求休憩等传统而单一的模式，注重绿化景观与环境功能相结合，强调居住小区环境的使用性、活动性、安全性、文化性、发展性的综合体现。     

绿化景观施工技术的特点和发展趋势

绿化景观施工是城市工程的一大关键环节,同时也很好地展现了一个城市外在的精神风貌。尤其是在当下大力倡导创建环境友好型生态宜居城市的时代背景下,绿化景观的施工更加凸显出其价值意义。本文就主要围绕绿化景观施工技术的特点和发展趋势进行探讨。     

微生物肥料及其在中药生态农业中的前景分析

微生物肥料作为一种环境友好型的新型肥料,以其独特的优势在绿色农业与生态农业中的地位不断提高,受到人们的广泛关注。该研究概述了微生物肥料的历史、种类和作用机理,阐述了微生物肥料在增加作物产量、改善作物品质及防治植物病害、改善土壤结构、减少化肥施用量等方面的作用,最后对其在中药生态农业中的前景进行了分析,旨在为微生物肥料的快速发展提供参考依据。     

The influence of green space on community attachment of urban and suburban residents

Although community attachment and urban green space provide many benefits to local residents, the relationship between them seems to be unknown. The aim of the study was to analyse this relationship. The objective was to investigate the influence of public green space and recreation behaviour on community attachment and explore differences in community attachment between urban and suburban residents of the Vienna region. To a large degree, both study areas border on, and share, the same recreation areas along the Danube River and are subject to urban sprawl. A mail survey was carried out in 2006 to ask local residents (N = 602) about community green space, recreation behaviour, community qualities, ownership of private green space and community attachment. Urban residents showed higher community attachment, valued the community green space higher and perceived a better quality of life in their community than the suburban sample. Regression analysis identified perceived green space supply and qualities, recreation behaviour, and residential variables predicting community attachment. Different predictors were found for the community attachment of the samples, while several public green space-related items were consistent and strong predictors. The study findings suggest that the perceived supply and quality of green space can foster community attachment.     

Green space branding in Denmark in an era of neoliberal governance

City place branding, an entrepreneurial urban development scheme, aims to differentiate cities from their national and international competitors based on strengths and competitive advantage. One such strength is quality urban green space which has been shown to make cities more attractive and liveable places, drawing people and investments to urban centres. Applying a place branding approach, this paper presents the results of a survey of Danish municipalities and their place branding in terms of crafting green city, or environmentally sustainable, profiles. Based on survey responses from both municipal green space and communication staff, an overview is presented of the status of ‘green’ municipal place branding, with emphasis on branding through green spaces such as parks. Findings show that green concepts such as environmentally sustainable policies as well as biophysical assets such as green spaces are not in focus in municipal place branding campaigns. Moreover, survey results demonstrate that creative professionals and local citizens are the main focus of those municipalities that are branding. There is great potential to emphasize green spaces in municipal placing branding campaigns building on partnerships with the private sector and citizen volunteers.     

The importance of university campuses for the avian diversity of cities

In a world of increasing urban areas and their subsequent negative effect on biodiversity, university campuses arise as environmentally friendly designs that can help enhancing biodiversity. However, current information on the topic is mainly based on single-campus studies, taxonomic diversity variables (e.g., species richness), and specific geographic regions like Asia or North America. Multi-campus comparisons, studies on other components of biodiversity (e.g., functional or phylogenetic diversity) and biodiversity information from other regions of the world are needed to generalize the previous findings. In this study, we try to fill in these gaps by simultaneously investigating taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of bird communities on 15 university campuses of Spain, which is located within the Mediterranean hotspot of biodiversity where no previous study on this topic have been conducted. We compared campus areas with other randomly selected urban areas to test whether university campuses hold higher levels of bird diversity than non-campus areas. We also analyzed other environmental variables (e.g., green and building cover in and around campuses) to identify whether their influence in university campuses varies from other urban areas. Our results show that taxonomic diversity was higher within university campuses compared to other areas, but this pattern was not confirmed for functional and phylogenetic diversity. We found that grass cover, buildings, and the green area around the study areas have different associations with taxonomic, functional, or phylogenetic diversity respectively in campuses or non-campus areas. Our findings highlight the importance of university campuses for the conservation of Mediterranean urban biodiversity and support their use as relevant resources for promoting nature conservation among citizens.     

Public perceptions and attitudes toward green infrastructure on buildings: The case of the metropolitan area of Athens,Greece

As the impact of green space shrinkage in urban centers becomes obvious, local and regional authorities must adopt environmental planning policies that can help create new green areas to ensure a good quality of life for citizens, along with the rehabilitation of the natural environment. One approach is the promotion of green infrastructure on buildings, including multi-dwelling apartment buildings. In order to effectively promote green infrastructure on buildings, it is essential to comprehend public attitudes toward green infrastructure, so that suitable and effective strategies can be implemented by policy makers. In this study, eight hundred respondents were asked to provide their views on green infrastructure on buildings, on construction that should take place on blocks of apartments in order to accommodate green infrastructure and on the related benefits that may arise from creating green spaces on buildings. A structured questionnaire and stratified sampling were used for the interviews, which were conducted with apartment owners in two regional units of Athens. The results showed that most citizens are willing to proceed with the installation of a green roof, trellis or vertical garden, in order to improve the aesthetics and functionality of the building they live in. Most of the respondents are not familiar with the energy savings that may occur from the installation of a green roof, vertical trellis or garden and wish for a subsidy from the state in order to implement green building solutions. To conclude, the participants in our study are not environmentally aware, since they are not interested in energy conservation but only about the aesthetics of their building; furthermore, they expect to receive financial support from the state in order to make any changes to their home.     

Semi-natural vegetation and its relationship to designated urban green space at the landscape scale in Leeds, UK

The species composition of semi-natural vegetation in urban areas is influenced by a diversity of factors operating at a variety of spatial scales. This study investigates relationships at the landscape scale between species numbers of semi-natural plant communities and variations in the nature of designated urban green space. Species’ records were obtained from a survey of tetrads (2 km × 2 km) across a contiguous central area of built-up landscape and nearby satellite settlements in the metropolitan borough of Leeds, northern England. Plant species were categorised into natives, archaeophytes, neophytes, casuals and conservation-designated species. The type and extent of designated urban green space within a tetrad was determined using GIS. There was more built-up and designated green space area in the central urban area than in the satellite settlements. However, this difference was not reflected statistically significantly in plant category species’ numbers. Numbers of native species correlated positively with areas of green space designated for relatively high nature conservation value. Neophytes and casuals correlated positively with semi-natural green space lacking rare native species or high native species richness but designated principally for local community accessibility. The value of such spaces and the importance of their appropriate management, not only for community benefits like individual physical health and mental well-being, but also for overall urban plant biodiversity, is highlighted.     

基质型容器育苗营养块的研制与应用

基质型容器育苗营养块是在继承传统穴盘育苗技术的基础上及不断创新过程中得到快速发展的一种新型育苗方式。文章详述了该育苗方式的技术要点,并得出了该产品集基质、养分、容器为一体,带基定植、所以移栽时不伤根,直接与土壤相结合,无需缓苗,是一项既经济又环保的实用育苗技术,有很好的应用前景。     

Research on the horizontal reduction effect of urban roadside green belt on atmospheric particulate matter in a semi-arid area

In this study, the horizontal abatement effects of green belts on atmospheric particulate matter at different horizontal distances and plant community structures were investigated in urban roadside green belts in semi-arid areas.We collected mass concentrations of six types of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) per unit time of PM_0.3, PM_0.5, PM_1.0, PM_2.5, PM_5.0, and PM₁₀ and various meteorological indices, to compare the horizontal reduction efficiency of different distances and plant community structures on different particle sizes, and to establish a support vector machine model. The results showed that 1) the horizontal abatement efficiency of green belts was different for six particle sizes, while the horizontal abatement rate strengthened as the particle size increased. The abatement rate was significantly correlated with microclimatic factors such as temperature and humidity, but less correlated with wind speed. 2) The horizontal abatement rate of roadside green belts on atmospheric particulate matter varies with the increase of horizontal distance in a "single-peak" or "double-peak" pattern, with the best abatement effect of green belts on each particle size at a horizontal distance of 45m. Among the four types of plant community structures, the strongest abatement ability was in the arbor-shrub-herb structure. 3) The correctly tuned prediction model, based on Support Vector Machines, resulted in better horizontal abatement ability of green belts on atmospheric PM. The prediction results showed that the average horizontal abatement rate has the best abatement effect at 45–55 m, peaked at 50 m, and formed stagnant dust at 65 m. In the design of urban road green spaces in semi-arid areas, to achieve the best dust retention effect, the green belt width should be ≥40 m and it is desirable to choose arbor-shrub-herb structures. This study provides a design basis and theoretical support for urban road green space planning in semi-arid areas.     

寒地城市文化休闲广场可持续植物景观营造

以寒地城市文化休闲广场—哈尔滨市开发区景观广场为例,从植物种类、植物数量、植物规格、种植形式及养护投入角度,对广场的可持续植物景观营造所存在的一些问题进行了分析。提出了寒地城市休闲文化广场可持续植物景观营造的基本策略:铺设生态型透水铺装,收集利用道路与广场雨水;收集利用山坡、微地形和其它绿地雨水;合理规划植物种植种类、数量、规格与形式;科学设置绿荫广场,创造舒适的林下休闲活动空间。     

环保离子液体在农业资源中的应用进展

离子液体作为环境友好的“绿色”溶剂和“可设计”溶剂获得了广泛关注.离子液体能有效地萃取和分离中草药成分,为植物纤维素溶解、再生及其衍生物制备,以及生物柴油制备提供了高效、经济、环保的制备途径.现综述离子液体在农业资源中的应用进展.