9个结球甘蓝新品种的多点比较试验

为了鉴定新选育的9个甘蓝品种的丰产性与适应性,于2018—2019年2个年度进行了多点比较试验,结果表明:特大牛心、卓优107、卓甘佳豪3个牛心甘蓝品种平均667 m……2产量介于3490.2~3715.7 kg,比对照牛心1号增产11.42%~18.62%,以卓优107增产率最大,特大牛心增产率最低;3个品种耐裂球性好,冬性强,抗逆性强,商品性好,是理想的春夏甘蓝品种。6个扁球甘蓝品种中,以瑞宝、卓甘佳丽及对照春夏王最早熟,卓甘90、卓甘豪瑞生育期最长;单球质量以卓圆四号最大,瑞宝、卓甘佳丽最小;平均667 m……2产量介于4465.2~4834.7 kg,比对照春夏王增产11.62%~20.88%,以卓秀增产率最高,卓甘豪瑞增产率最低;6个品种均表现出较强的适应性和丰产性,商品性好,具有较大的推广应用前景。     

早熟甘蓝品种比较试验

甘蓝是萧山垦区夏秋季种植的主要蔬菜品种之一,但目前夏秋季种植的甘蓝品种产量较低,抗性差,易发生心腐病等生理性病害,影响了经济效益的提高。为此,我们于2005年引进了4个夏秋甘蓝品种与常规品种进行比较试验,通过试验,初步筛选出了适宜本     

春季甘蓝新品种试验示范

甘蓝是萧山区主要种植蔬菜品种之一,种植模式有春甘蓝、夏甘蓝、秋甘蓝及冬甘蓝,全区常年种植面积1333.3hm^2左右,以鸡心、牛心、宝盛、冠皇、中甘21、兰州包等常规品种为主。一些常规品种,产量表现一般,经济效益不佳,市场占有力弱,为寻找适宜萧山区种植的甘蓝新品种,我们从日本、韩国等地引进5个新品种,结合本地常规品种进行对比试验,现将试验结果总结如下。     

秋甘蓝品种比较试验

为筛选出优质高产、适宜贵州省种植的秋甘蓝品种,以本地主栽的扁圆型品种京丰甘蓝(CK1)、圆球型品种澳奇丽(CK2)为对照,对19个甘蓝品种进行比较试验.试验结果表明,扁圆型甘蓝以黔甘6号、IAb-2-16B-18A×BIE-1-17A(暂定名黔甘5号),圆球型甘蓝以中甘23、绿冠216和春秋双冠王综合性状表现良好,成熟较早,结球紧实,产量较高,商品性好.     

重庆甘蓝市场品种需求变化分析

重庆甘蓝分为浅丘平坝和高山种植两大区域,实现春、夏、秋、越冬甘蓝周年供应。其中春甘蓝以平头类型为主,牛心甘蓝为辅;夏甘蓝以进口品种为主;秋甘蓝以重庆自育品种为主;越冬甘蓝以日韩进口品种为主。随着社会的发展和城镇化进程的加快,市场需求发生了变化,对专用型品种需求增加,叶球朝大型化和小型化两个方向发展,对品质的要求空前提高,特殊甘蓝品种需求增加。     

早秋甘蓝新品种汉夏1号

目前武汉市场主推的早秋甘蓝主要为进口品种QL50,耐热性强、丰产性好、蜡粉中等、叶色绿、球形美观,从定植到收获63天左右,具有较强的市场竞争优势,但耐裂球性不好、品质一般;国产适应南方高温高湿的早秋甘蓝品种仍较单一,且品种叶面蜡粉多,呈灰绿色,致使叶球亮度不够,产品外观较差,市场竞争力较弱。针对早秋甘蓝生产上这一实际情况,以耐热、早熟、耐裂、优质为品种选育目标,武汉市农业科学院蔬菜研究所在引进部分国内外抗热甘蓝材料的基础上经过多年的定向筛选,于2013年配制杂交组合,2014-2015年进行品种比较试验,育成耐热、早熟、耐裂、优质的甘蓝新品种汉夏1号。2016年进行品种多点比较试验,2018-2019年相继在湖北、浙江、江西等地进行区域试验,品种性状表现稳定。     

甘蓝新品种及其四季栽培技术

近年来,沙县农技站引进江苏正大公司春秋双丰二号甘蓝、迎春甘蓝、爱春甘蓝和大绿种苗科技有限公司爱夏甘蓝等多个甘蓝品种进行四季栽培试验,解决了我县以往夏季栽培没有较耐热的甘蓝品种和春季栽培没有耐抽薹的甘蓝品种问题.现将有关甘蓝新品种栽培配套措施作如下阐述.     

夏栽甘蓝品种比较试验

<正>甘蓝是甘肃省定西市安定区主要栽种的蔬菜之一,当地农民有着良好的栽培基础,但目前甘蓝栽培种以中甘21、中甘23为主,品种单一,露地甘蓝生产效益较低。为此从甘蓝的植物学特性和产量入手,通过品种比较试验,筛选出适宜当地夏季栽培的甘蓝品种,为安定区高原夏菜产业发展做好品种储备。1材料与方法1.1参试品种参试品种共7个:中甘21、中甘23、元宝先锋、新S-6801、金鼎绿球(F1)、超     

秋茬牛心甘蓝新品种简比试验

为初步筛选适合漳浦县种植的牛心甘蓝新品种,引进牛心甘蓝新品种18个,以当地主栽品种‘快绿’为对照,进行牛心甘蓝品种简比试验.结果表明, ‘青岛D3’、‘绿包’、‘绿王3号’和‘大坂速成’4个品种,田间表现整齐一致,结球紧实,球形好,产量高,商品性佳,建议第2年继续与本地主栽品种进行比较试验,以便进一步筛选适合漳浦县种植的牛心甘蓝新品种.     

夏甘蓝品种比较试验

甘蓝是上海地区主要栽培的蔬菜品种，为提高夏甘蓝的产量和种植效益，筛选出适宜在我地夏季推广种植的最佳品种，我们引进了7个夏甘蓝品种进行比较试验，现将试验结果介绍如下。     

Effects of radiation from 188Re on smooth muscle cell proliferation

AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β^-particles emission from ¹⁸⁸Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by ¹⁸⁸Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [³H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of ¹⁸⁸Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from ¹⁸⁸ Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G₀/G₁ arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation.     

Relationship between renal hypertension and cardiac α1-adrenoceptor autoantibodies in rats

AIM: To examine the autoantibody against α₁-adrenoceptor and its biologic activities during the development of renal hypertension. METHODS: Renal hypertension of rat was achieved by clipped renal artery, the titre of autoantibody to α₁-adrenoceptor was detected using ELISA immunoassay. Furthermore, the biological offects of these autoantibodies on cultured cardiomyocytes were also examined. RESULTS: After two weeks of clipping renal arteries, both the frequency of occurrence and the titre of autoantibodies to cardiac α₁-adrenergic receptor were significantly increased as compared with the control of pre-treatment. The increased autoantibodies lasted for several weeks and then automatically decreased gradually to the pre-clipping level at 12 weeks. The biological effects of these autoantibodies displayed an "agonistic-like" activities on the beating frequency of cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSION: Autoantibodies against α₁-adrenoceptor may play a role in the elevation of peripheral vascular resistance and in the development of cardiac hypertrophy in rats with renal hypertension.     

Influence of Mineral Nutrients on Strawberry Fruit Quality and Their Accumulation in Plant Organs

Abstract

This review is based partly on complete articles and partly on abstracts. Three of the 60 articles deal with the total uptake of elements in strawberry plant organs in two different strawberry production systems, both considered as optimal concerning amount and balance of elements. The effect on fruit quality may be dramatic if the level of a particular element is outside this range, but there may also be effects initiated by differences within the optimal range of elements. Most articles refer to product oriented quality, but some focus on consumer oriented quality, as discussed by Shewfelt (1999). The discussion here is on a general basis, so one should keep in mind that there are cultivar differences and that specification of nutrition ideally should mirror the needs of a single cultivar, or a group of cultivars with similar requirements. Also, to get a complete understanding of the subject future reviews should embrace a broader access of information including the effect on plant development of individual elements, such as the role of calcium in fruit firmness and its importance in cell wall structure. However, the intention here is to narrow the information to results that suggest a direct connection between nutrient uptake and fruit quality.     

多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响

多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。     

Proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin

AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars.     

Mixed-severity fire regime in a high-elevation forest of Grand Canyon,Arizona, USA

Fire regime characteristics of high-elevation forests on the North Rim of the Grand Canyon, Arizona, were reconstructed from fire scar analysis, remote sensing, tree age, and forest structure measurements, a first attempt at detailed reconstruction of the transition from surface to stand-replacing fire patterns in the Southwest. Tree densities and fire-/non-fire-initiated groups were highly mixed over the landscape, so distinct fire-created stands could not be delineated from satellite imagery or the oldest available aerial photos. Surface fires were common from 1700 to 1879 in the 4,400 ha site, especially on S and W aspects. Fire dates frequently coincided with fire dates measured at study sites at lower elevation, suggesting that pre-1880 fire sizes may have been very large. Large fires, those scarring 25% or more of the sample trees, were relatively infrequent, averaging 31 years between burns. Four of the five major regional fire years occurred in the 1700s, followed by a 94-year gap until 1879. Fires typically occurred in significantly dry years (Palmer Drought Stress Index), with severe drought in major regional fire years. Currently the forest is predominantly spruce-fir, mixed conifer, and aspen. In contrast, dendroecological reconstruction of past forest structure showed that the forest in 1880 was very open, corresponding closely with historical (1910) accounts of severe fires leaving partially denuded landscapes. Age structure and species composition were used to classify sampling points into fire-initiated and non-fire-initiated groups. Tree groups on nearly 60% of the plots were fire-initiated; the oldest such groups appeared to have originated after severe fires in 1782 or 1785. In 1880, all fire-initiated groups were less than 100 years old and nearly 25% of the groups were less than 20 years old. Non-fire-initiated groups were significantly older (oldest 262 years in 1880), dominated by ponderosa pine, Douglas-fir, or white fir, and occurred preferentially on S and W slopes. The mixed-severity fire regime, transitioning from lower-elevation surface fires to mixed surface and stand-replacing fire at higher elevations, appeared not to have been stable over the temporal and spatial scales of this study. Information about historical fire regime and forest structure is valuable for managers but the information is probably less specific and stable for high-elevation forests than for low-elevation ponderosa pine forests.This revised version was published online in May 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Coupling past management practice and historic landscape change on John F. Kennedy Space Center,Florida

Historic landcover dynamics in a scrubby flatwoods (Tel-4) and scrub landscape (Happy Creek) on John F. Kennedy Space Center were measured using aerial images from 1943, 1951, 1958, 1969, 1979, and 1989. Landcover categories were mapped, digitized, geometrically registered, and overlaid in ARC/INFO. Both study sites have been influenced by various land use histories, including periods of range management, fire suppression, and fire management. Several analyses were performed to help understand the effects of past land management on the amount and spatial distribution of landcover within the study sites. A chi-squared analysis showed a significant difference between the frequency of landcover occurrence and management period. Markov chain models were used to project observed changes over a 100-year period; these showed current management practices being effective at Tel-4 (restoring historic landscape structure) and much less effective at Happy Creek. Documenting impacts of past management regimes on landcover has provided important insight into current landscape composition and will provide the basis for improving land management on Kennedy Space Center and elsewhere.     

XBP-01 accelerated apoptosis induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein in vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM: Previous studies performed with XBP-01 in vitro indicated that XBP-01 could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells from being transformed into foam cell and could eliminate the atherosclerotic plaque in C57BL/6J mouse. This experiment is to investigate its mechanism of eliminating plaques in vitro. METHODS: The cultured porcine artery smooth muscle cells incubated with XBP-01 of 0.1 mg/L for 24 h after preincubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein of 15 mg/L for 72 h in vitro. The samples were analyzed by fluorescence microscope, confocal microscope system and flow cytometry. RESULTS: Apoptosis was triggered by being incubated with oxidized low density lipoprotein and this process was accelerated additionally by being incubated with XBP-01. CONCLUSION: XBP-01 can be effective in eliminating atherosclerotic plaque by accelerating the process in which oxidized low density lipoprotein induced smooth muscle cell apoptosis.     

瓜叶绿素降解关键酶基因PPH和PAO cDNA片段的克隆与表达初步分析

 以西双版纳黄瓜和‘华黄5号’黄瓜叶片为试验材料,研究了衰老过程中两种黄瓜叶片叶绿素含量变化及脱镁叶绿素脱镁叶绿酸水解酶基因PPH和脱镁叶绿酸a加氧酶基因PAO的表达。结果表明：随着叶片衰老,叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量显著降低,叶绿素a与叶绿素b的比值在0.5左右,推测叶绿素b的含量可能对黄瓜叶片保绿起到重要作用。荧光定量RT-PCR分析结果显示：PPH和PAO在西双版纳黄瓜叶片生长35 d时表达量最高,分别为5.50和1.86;PPH在‘华黄5号’叶片35 d时表达量最高,为7.14,而PAO在35和45 d表达量都很高,分别为3.90和3.91;PPH和PAO在西双版纳黄瓜叶片中的表达量低于在‘华黄5号’中。     

Effects of simvastatin on PDGF-BB and serum-induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and on the expression of tumor suppressor gene PTEN

AIM:To observe the effect of simvastatin on the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs) induced by serum and growth factor PDGF-BB and the effect of simvastatin on the expression of PTEN,a important regulator of G₁/S cell cycle transition. METHODS:The DNA synthesis was determined by [³H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle was examined with flow cytometry, the protein level of PTEN was measured by Western blot method. RESULTS: (1)Simvastatin inhibited [³H]-TdR incorporation in a dose dependent manner. (2) Flow cytometric DNA analysis revealed that simvastatin induced significantly enhancement of G₀/G₁ phase and decrease in S phase VSMCs.(3)Simvastatin increased protein level of PTEN and mevalonate, a metabolite of HMG-COA, reversed the effect of simvastatin on PTEN protein expression. CONCLUSION:Simvastatin may inhibit proliferation of VSMCs and retarded cell cycle in G₀/G₁ phase by increasing PTEN expression through inhibiting synthesis of mevalonate.