四季豆枯萎病病原鉴定及防治

从南宁市郊11个病区采集的四季豆枯萎病株标样,经分离培养鉴定和致病性测定,证明其病原菌为尖孢镰刀菌菜豆专化型(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.phaseoli Kend & Syd)。此病在南宁于4月上中旬四季豆初花期开始发生,5月中下旬盛花至结荚期为发病高峰期。用滤纸碟法进行药效试验的结果,40%灭病威300—500倍液的抑菌圈最大,田间灌根防治也有一定效果。可用种子重量的0.5%多菌灵可湿性粉拌种。品种间抗病性有显著差异,秋抗19号和秋抗6号较抗病。     

电镜观察镰刀菌在四季豆植株体内侵染过程

用电子显微镜观察镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporium f.sp.phaseoli)侵染四季豆茎部的过程。结果表明,病菌主要侵染四季豆木质部导管,而同一横切面上的皮层几乎见不到菌体。在同一病株中,基部的导管被病菌严重充塞,越近上部,导管中的病菌越少;同一植株横切面木质部的各导管,病原菌分布不均匀。     

盐碱地甜高粱光合特性及农艺性状变化研究

选用甜高粱中早熟品种“新高粱3号”、中晚熟品种“新高粱9号”,研究了盐碱地种植条件下其其光合参数、农艺性状变化特征。结果表明：(1) 与对照田相比,盐碱地条件下参试品种生育期间叶片净光合速率（Pn）、蒸腾速率（Tr）、气孔导度（Gs）、胞间CO₂浓度（Ci）、水分利用效率（WUE）、叶绿素SPAD值(SPAD)的平均值均较低,差异达极显著水平（P＜0.01）,生育后期更为显著;新高粱3号在盐碱地的Pn、Gs、WUE、SPAD均值皆高于新高粱9号,Tr与Ci则低于新高粱9号。(2) 盐碱地新高粱3号生育期提前9 d,新高粱9号一直未抽穗。两品种盐碱地的生物产量分别低于对照田的57.8%和76.5%,含糖锤度分别低于对照田38.5%和100.0%。(3) 对照田新高粱3号、新高粱9号的Pn与Gs、PAR、Ta达到了极显著相关,新高粱3号的Pn和Tr达到显著相关;盐碱条件下,两品种的Pn与PAR、Ta、Ca达极显著和显著相关,与其它因子间相关不显著。甜高粱受盐碱胁迫净光合速率的下降原因抽穗前主要为气孔因素,抽穗后主要为非气孔因素。新高粱3号的耐盐碱能力强于新高粱9号。利用盐碱地种植甜高粱除选择合适的耐盐碱品种外,还应注重种植效益和土地质量保护等生态效益。     

寄主植物对土耳其斯坦叶螨实验种群生长发育及繁殖的影响

土耳其斯坦叶螨是新疆农作物生产的重大害虫(螨)之一,本文在室内条件下研究了其在大豆、四季豆、茄子、番茄和玉米等作物上的生长发育、繁殖等生命参数。结果表明,土耳其斯坦叶螨在玉米和番茄上不能完成生活史,在大豆、四季豆和茄子上实验种群内禀增长率(rm)和世代平均周期(T)分别为0.224 11、5.9 d,0.177 61、7.1 d,0.176 32、4.0 d。在其稳定年龄分布中,未成熟期分别占总量的86.842 8%8、2.500 8%和85.625 7%,对致死率为99%的不良环境的反应时间皆小于30 d。     

东北春麦区2006-2007年小麦白粉病菌群体毒性监测

对2006-2007年采自黑龙江、吉林、辽宁的80份小麦白粉病菌标样进行分离、纯化得到113个单孢子堆菌系,经生理小种及群体毒性频率测定,共鉴定出29个生理小种,优势小种均为15号小种。15号小种在2006年和2007年的频率分别为15.3%和14.8%,其次为415号和11号小种。小麦白粉菌毒性基因v1、v3 a、v3 b、v3 c、v5、v6、v7、v8、v1+2+9和v17毒力频率较高(>66%),而v2、v4、v12、v16和v21毒力频率较低(<21%),说明目前在东北春麦区含有Pm2、Pm4、Pm12、Pm16和Pm21等抗病基因的品种在育种中有较高的利用价值。     

大豆RSC4抗病候选基因Glyma.14G204700的克隆及其生物信息学分析

为明确大豆抗大豆花叶病毒（soybean mosaic virus，SMV）SC4株系的基因位点R_SC4（resistance to SMV strain SC4，R_SC4）的候选基因Glyma.14G204700在大豆不同抗性品种中的序列结构特征和保守结构域，以齐黄1号、科丰1号、大白麻和南农1138-2共4个大豆品种为材料，通过基因克隆获得大豆Glyma.14G204700基因的cDNA全长序列，并采用生物信息学方法分析其序列特征和编码蛋白的理化特性及结构特征。结果表明，大豆Glyma.14G204700基因在4个大豆品种中的cDNA全长为4 719~4 776 bp，编码1 295~1 307个氨基酸，预测蛋白的分子量为148.38~149.33 kD，等电点为5.53~5.61，均为具较强亲水性的非分泌蛋白。Glyma.14G204700蛋白含有植物抗病基因家族蛋白的保守功能域——核苷酸结合域和富含亮氨酸重复结构域。该蛋白的二级结构主要由α-螺旋、无规则卷曲、延伸链和β-折叠组成，所占比例分别为59.45%~61.08%、28.65%~30.15%、8.11%~8.88%和1.61%~2.16%。启动子序列分析发现该基因含有脱落酸、低温及干旱等多种逆境胁迫响应元件。表明大豆R_SC4抗病候选基因Glyma.14G204700在大豆不同抗性品种中具有不同的等位变异，优异等位变异的鉴定和开发可为抗SMV大豆育种提供基础材料。     

不同寄主植物对美洲斑潜蝇种群参数的影响

在温度为25℃的实验条件下,测定了四季豆(红花架豆和红花地豆)、长豇豆和黄瓜等寄主对美洲斑潜蝇种群参数的影响。结果表明,除卵历期外,美洲斑潜蝇幼虫、蛹、卵-蛹历期、雌成虫寿命和生殖力在四季豆、长豇豆和黄瓜3种寄主植物上均存在极显著的差异(p<0.01),而在四季豆的两个不同品种上差异不显著(p>0.05)。美洲斑潜蝇在选择性强的四季豆上发育历期最短,化蛹率最高,雌成虫寿命最长、生殖力最高;在选择性差的黄瓜上发育历期最长,化蛹率最低,雌成虫寿命最短,生殖力最低。孵化率、羽化率和成虫性比在供试寄主间差异很小。     

小麦矮秆基因Rht-8对株高和其它农艺性状的遗传效应

分析矮秆基因Rht-8的遗传力及其对小麦株高及相关农艺性状的影响。利用三个小麦品种晋麦47、西峰20、丰产3号分别与Rht-8的供体亲本济宁13杂交,以其F₂分离群体分析Rht-8的遗传效应。结果表明,丰产3号和济宁13后代的遗传力最高（74.32％）,西峰20、晋麦47与济宁13后代的遗传力分别为69.49%、67.60%。Rht-8在西峰20和济宁13的F₂中具有较强的效应,株高和穗下节分别降低了30.26％和19.20％。在丰产3号和晋麦47与济宁13的F₂中,株高和穗下节分别降低了27.14%和26.15%、14.86 %和14.59%。Rht-8减少了有效分蘖个数,对其他性状则无明显的不利影响。相关性分析表明株高与分蘖数显著正相关（r为0.415,0.355,0.489）,与穗下节显著正相关（r为0.408,0.450,0.500）;株高与穗长、每穗小穗数、穗粒数没有显著相关性。     

枸杞炭疽病生防菌株筛选、生物功能测定及防治效果

为研发对枸杞炭疽病有良好防治效果的生防制剂,利用枸杞炭疽病菌Colletotrichum acutatum对实验室已分离保存的芽胞杆菌菌株进行室内筛选,并对拮抗效果较好的菌株进行形态学和分子生物学鉴定、病原菌孢子萌发抑制试验、生物学功能测定、稳定性测定、抑菌谱测定以及室内离体防治效果试验和田间防治效果试验。结果表明,菌株F3A对枸杞炭疽病菌有较好的拮抗作用,对枸杞炭疽病菌菌丝的抑制率为62.13%;结合形态学特征、16S rDNA以及gyrA基因序列分析,将菌株F3A鉴定为贝莱斯芽胞杆菌Bacillus velezensis;菌株F3A具有溶解有机磷和无机磷的能力,在含色氨酸和不含色氨酸的金氏培养液中产吲哚乙酸量分别为5.76 mg/L和5.74 mg/L;菌株F3A产蛋白酶和葡聚糖酶的活性较高;菌株F3A连续培养20代后,对枸杞炭疽病菌的抑制率为61.21%,该菌对棉花枯萎病菌Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.vesinfectum、番茄早疫病菌Alternaria solani、黄瓜枯萎病菌F.oxysporum f.sp.cucumerinum、番茄灰霉病菌Botrytis cinerea、番茄叶霉病菌Cladosporium fulvum、茄子菌核病菌Sclerotinia sclerotiorum和黄芪根腐病菌F.solani的抑制率分别为40.71%、53.58%、32.00%、53.00%、79.27%、71.13%和66.08%;菌株F3A发酵液的保护作用明显优于治疗作用,菌株F3A发酵液1倍稀释液室内预防效果为90.32%;喷施菌株F3A发酵液1倍稀释液3 d和7 d后的田间防治效果分别为78.26%和63.19%。表明菌株F3A有作为开发枸杞炭疽病生物农药的潜力。     

栽培密度对高产大豆根系生长及花荚形成的影响

为探明栽培密度对高产大豆根系生长和花荚形成的影响规律,田间试验设置21.0（D₁）、30.0（D₂）、48.0（D₃）×104株·hm^-2 3种栽培密度,研究了新大豆27号、新大豆8号在0~60 cm土层中根系生长、开花、结荚过程及产量的变化。结果表明,相对于D1,D2、D3密度下新大豆27号总根干重增加了23.68%、18.48%,总根长增加了9.33%、26.72%,新大豆8号总根干重增加了27.25%、19.71%,总根长增加了6.94%、30.80%,且增量以40~60 cm为主;增加至密度D₃时,新大豆27号开花和结荚高峰出现时间较D₁分别推迟了2、8 d,新大豆8号推迟了2、6 d,但二者单位面积的总花数、总荚数、总腔数和总粒数分别较D₁提高了51.92%、10.29%、7.66%、23.05%和49.47%、31.91%、35.40%、16.11%;总花数与始荚期根干重、根长度呈正相关关系,新大豆27号R²值分别为0.8477^*、0.9106^*,新大豆8号R²值分别为0.7531、0.9993^**;总腔数与始粒期根干重、根长度呈正相关关系,新大豆27号R²值分别为0.6954、0.9837^**,新大豆8号R²值分别为0.7902^*、0.9277^*;且根长度与总花数、总腔数的关系比根干重更密切。合理密植显著提高大豆籽粒产量,是密植促进了大豆根系生长,增加了单位面积总根长和深层根量,进而增加了单位面积花数、荚数、腔数和粒数的结果。     

Identification of two serological flagellar types (H1 and H2) inPseudomonas syringae pathovars

Flagellar antigen specificity was studied for the speciesPseudomonas syringae, P. viridiflava andP. cichorii. After checking their motility, bacteria were reacted against six polyclonal antisera containing anti-O (LPS) and anti-H (flagellar) antibodies by indirect immunofluorescent staining. Two distinct flagellar serotypes (H1 and H2) were described. The distribution of H1 and H2 serotypes was then determined for a collection of 88 phytopathogenicPseudomonas strains. Serotype H1 was possessed byP. syringae pv.aptata (12 strains),P. s. pv.helianthi (2),P. s. pv.pisi (11), andP. s. pv.syringae (13). Serotype H2 was possessed byP. cichorii (2),P. s. pv.delphinii (1),P. s. pv.glycinea (4),P. s. pv.lacrymans (1),P. s. pv.mori (1),P. s. pv.morsprunorum (10),P. s. pv.persicae (1),P. s. pv.phaseolicola (8),P. s. pv.tabaci (10) andP. s. pv.tomato (1).P. viridiflava (5) revealed HI, H2 and untyped flagella. The following isolates were untypable by the H1/H2 system:P. corrugata (3),P. fluorescens (2),P. tolaasii (1). H1/H2 serotypes distribution is not linked toP. syringae O-serogroups. On the other hand, H1/H2 distribution seems remarkably linked to the new genospecies of theP. syringae group.Abbreviations CFBP French Collection of Phytopathogenic Bacteria, Angers, France - ICMP International Collection of Micro-organisms from Plants, Auckland, New-Zealand - NCPPB National Collection of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria, Harpenden, Great Britain     

Genetic variation among <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fusarium</Emphasis> isolates from onion,and resistance to <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fusarium</Emphasis> basal rot in related <Emphasis Type="Italic">Allium</Emphasis> species

The aim of this research was to study levels of resistance to Fusarium basal rot in onion cultivars and related Allium species, by using genetically different Fusarium isolates. In order to select genetically different isolates for disease testing, a collection of 61 Fusarium isolates, 43 of them from onion (Allium cepa), was analysed using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Onion isolates were collected in The Netherlands (15 isolates) and Uruguay (9 isolates), and received from other countries and fungal collections (19 isolates). From these isolates, 29 were identified as F. oxysporum, 10 as F. proliferatum, whereas the remaining four isolates belonged to F. avenaceum and F. culmorum. The taxonomic status of the species was confirmed by morphological examination, by DNA sequencing of the elongation factor 1-α gene, and by the use of species-specific primers for Fusarium oxysporum, F. proliferatum, and F. culmorum. Within F. oxysporum, isolates clustered in two clades suggesting different origins of F. oxysporum forms pathogenic to onion. These clades were present in each sampled region. Onion and six related Allium species were screened for resistance to Fusarium basal rot using one F. oxysporum isolate from each clade, and one F. proliferatum isolate. High levels of resistance to each isolate were found in Allium fistulosum and A. schoenoprasum accessions, whereas A. pskemense, A. roylei and A. galanthum showed intermediate levels of resistance. Among five A. cepa cultivars, ‘Rossa Savonese’ was also intermediately resistant. Regarding the current feasibility for introgression, A. fistulosum, A. roylei and A. galanthum were identified as potential sources for the transfer of resistance to Fusarium into onion.     

Virulence and diversity of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Blumeria graminis</Emphasis> f.sp. <Emphasis Type="Italic">hordei</Emphasis> in East China

Four hundred and sixty-one isolates of Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei were obtained from eight populations occurring on cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare) at four geographically distant locations in China during 2003 and 2004. Their virulence frequency was determined on 30 differential lines. No isolate was virulent on differential lines possessing the resistance genes Mla1, Mla3, Mla6, Mla7, Mla9, Mla12, Mla13, Mlat, Mlg, Mla10, Mla22, Mla23, Mlp1, Ml(N81) and Mlmw. Virulences to the first nine resistance genes are prevalent in Europe and constitute the main part of genetic distance between Chinese and European populations. Conversely, no isolate was avirulent on the differential lines possessing the genes Mla8 and Ml(Ch). The frequencies of isolates overcoming the genes Mla2, Mla11, Mlk1 and Mlk2 were .4–9.3%, and frequencies of isolates overcoming the genes Mlh, MlLa, Ml(Bw), Mlra, Ml(Ru2), mlw, MlGa, MlWo and Mlnn ranged from 18.2% to 98.7%. Based on reactions of differential lines possessing the genes Mlk1, Mlh, MlLa, Ml(Bw), Mlra and Ml(Ru2), pathotypes were identified and diversity parameters calculated. Eleven of 22 detected pathotypes were found in both years and comprised 94.6% of isolates. Generally, the populations from different locations in 1 year were more closely related than populations collected from the same locations in different years. Complete effectiveness of the resistance genes, for which no corresponding virulences were found, will allow Chinese breeders to access many modern European barley cultivars that are fully resistant to powdery mildew in China, including those possessing the non-host resistance gene mlo.     

Functional analysis of the 3′ end of avrBs3/pthA genes from two Xanthomonas species

The phytopathogens Xanthomonas oryzae pathovar (pv.) oryzae and Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri each contain several avrBs3/pthA family genes. Structural features of these genes important for avirulence and/or virulence functions include a central region of multiple direct repeats and three nuclear localization signals (NLSs) and an acidic activation domain (AAD) at the 3′ end. To identify other regions critical to function in the 3′ ends of these genes, we constructed several chimeras using apl1 and apl2 from X. axonopodis pv. citri and avrXa10 and avrXa7 from X. oryzae pv. oryzae and evaluated their functions by inoculation to citrus and rice. The apl1 and avrXa7 genes are major virulence determinants in citrus and rice, respectively, while the contributions of apl2 and avrXa10 to virulence are negligible or not measurable. Constructs that contained a 417 bp HincII-SphI fragment from the 3′ end of apl1 in combination with the repeats from avrXa7, avrXa10, and apl1 caused a canker phenotype on citrus. Interchange of the HincII-SphI fragment between avrXa7 and avrXa10 abolishes avrXa7 avirulence function and reduces its virulence but it does not affect avrXa10 avirulence function in rice. avrXa7 caused a hypersensitive response (HR) in citrus and replacement of it's 3′ end with that of apl1 resulted in loss of canker and induction of HR. Thus, the HincII-SphI fragment of the avrBs3/pthA gene family is important for avirulence and virulence functions in two different plant species, Oryza sativa and Citrus natsudaidai HAYATA.     

Efficacy of bacterial antagonists and different commercial products against Fusarium wilt on rocket

Seven experimental trials were carried out to evaluate the efficacy of the bacterial strains Achromobacter xylosoxydans AM1 and Serratia sp. DM1 obtained from suppressive soils and from soilless used rockwool substrates (Pseudomonas putida FC6B, Pseudomonas sp. FC7B, Pseudomonas putida FC8B, Pseudomonas sp. FC9B and Pseudomonas sp. FC24B) against Fusarium wilt on rocket caused by Fusarium oxysporum ff. spp. raphani and conglutinans. Along with these strains, two commercial bioproducts (RootShield—Trichoderma harzianum T22; Cedomon—Pseudomonas chlororaphis MA342) were also tested. Different application strategies such as soil treatment (trials I to VI; 10⁷ and 10⁸ CFU ml⁻¹) and root dipping (trial VII; 10⁸ and 10⁹ CFU ml⁻¹) were performed in a glasshouse in order to test the efficacy of the bacterial strains against Fusarium oxysporum ff. spp. raphani and conglutinans. The lowest disease incidence (16.7%) was observed with the application of Achromobacter sp. AM1, Serratia sp. DM1 at 10⁸ CFU ml⁻¹ and Pseudomonas sp. FC9B at 10⁷ CFU ml⁻¹ against F. oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans (experiment I). Maximum plant biomass (5.0 g/plant) was registered in Serratia sp. DM1 at 10⁸ CFU ml⁻¹ treated plants in trial IV. The trials against F. oxysporum f. sp. raphani (experiment II) showed that the application of Pseudomonas sp. FC7B, P. putida FC8B at 10⁸ CFU ml⁻¹ and P. chlororaphis MA342 at 7.5 × 10⁶ CFU ml⁻¹ significantly reduced disease incidence to values ranging between 87% and 92%. The highest plant biomass was recorded with the application of Achromobacter sp. AM1 and P. putida FC6B at 10⁷ CFU ml⁻¹ (3.9 to 4.2 g) carried out 7 days before the artificial inoculation of the pathogens (trial IV). The present study showed the potential biocontrol activity of the bacterial strains Achromobacter sp. AM1, Serratia sp. DM1 and Pseudomonas sp. FC9B against F. oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans and of Pseudomonas sp. FC7B, P. putida FC8B, P. chlororaphis MA342, Achromobacter sp. AM1 and P. putida FC6B against F. oxysporum f. sp. raphani. Growth-promoting activity of biocontrol bacteria used during the trials was observed.     

Three<Emphasis Type="Italic">Orobanche</Emphasis> species newly found on crops in israel

Orobanche amethystea Thuill.,O. loricata Reichenb. andO. pubescens D’Urv. were found to parasitize the roots of cultivated plants in Israel.Orobanche pubescens is known from the local flora, and was now found to cause damage in parsley fields and toTropaeolum majus L. (nasturtium) in ornamental gardens.Orobanche amethystea andO. loricata are known as occasional weeds in Europe and were recently found for the first time in Israel.Orobanche amethystea densely populated vetch fields in Israel, andO. loricata was found in ornamental gardens. A key for the identification ofOrobanche species in cultivated areas in Israel is given, based on morphological features. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Jan. 13, 2002.     

Epidemiology of Fusarium Diseases and their Mycotoxins in Maize Ears

Fusarium species cause two distinct diseases on ears of maize, Fusarium ear rot (or pink ear rot) and Gibberella ear rot (or red ear rot), both of which can result in mycotoxin contamination of maize grain. The primary causal agent for Fusarium ear rot is Fusarium verticillioides, but F. subglutinans and F. proliferatum are also important. Gibberella ear rot is caused primarily by F. graminearum, but F. culmorum can also be important, especially in Europe. Aspects of the epidemiology of both diseases have been studied for decades, but only recently have efforts been made to synthesize this information into comprehensive models of disease development. Much of the work on F. graminearum has focused on Fusarium head blight of small-grain crops, but some of the results obtained are also relevant to maize. The primary mycotoxins produced by these fungi, fumonisins and deoxynivalenol, have differing roles in the disease-cycle, and these roles are not completely understood, especially in the case of fumonisins. Progress is being made toward accurate models for risk assessment of both diseases, but key challenges remain in terms of integrating models of pre- and post-infection events, quantifying the roles of insects in these diseases, and characterizing interactions among competing fungi and the environment.     

Relationship between the incidence of latent infections caused by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Monilinia</Emphasis> spp<Emphasis Type="Italic">.</Emphasis> and the incidence of brown rot of peach fruit: factors affecting latent infection

Five field experiments were performed in commercial orchards located in Lleida (Spain) over three growing seasons, 2000–2002, in order to estimate the relationship between the incidence of latent infection caused by Monilinia spp. in peaches and the incidence of post-harvest brown rot. No latent infection was recorded at popcorn and the maximum incidence occurred pre-harvest; in some orchards a second peak was detected during the pit hardening period. Monilinia laxa is the most prevalent species isolated from peaches with brown rot. There was a positive correlation between the incidence of latent infection and that of post-harvest brown rot. The average incidence of latent infection during the crop season explained 55% of the total variation in the incidence of post-harvest brown rot. The effect of temperature (T) and duration of wetness (W) on the incidence of latent infection in peach and nectarine orchards was analysed using multiple regression. The regression analysis indicated that T and W jointly explained 83% of the total variation in the incidence of latent infection. The model predicts no latent infections when T < 8°C, and >22 h wetness are required when T = 8°C but only 5 h at 25°C are necessary for latent infection to occur. The incidence of brown rot and latent infection of peaches caused by M. laxa under controlled experimental conditions were also affected by T and W, as well as by fruit maturity and inoculum concentration. Latent infections were produced in fruit when T was not suitable for the development of brown rot symptoms. In these experiments more than 4–5 h of daily wetness were required after embryo growth in fruit sprayed to run-off with an inoculum concentration higher than 10⁴ conidia ml⁻¹ of M. laxa for brown rot and latent infections to develop. The fitted model obtained from the field data was able to predict the observed data obtained under controlled environmental conditions.     

Major gene resistance in Brassica napus (oilseed rape) is overcome by changes in virulence of populations of Leptosphaeria maculans in France and Australia

Resistance of Brassica napus (oilseed rape, canola) conferred by three different major resistance genes has been overcome by changes in virulence of Leptosphaeria maculans populations in France and Australia. In South Australia where B. napus cultivars with major gene resistance derived from Brassica rapa ssp. sylvestris were grown extensively, resistance was rendered ineffective within 3 years of commercial release of the cultivar. Disease severity was higher on cultivars with sylvestris-derived resistance than cultivars with polygenic resistance. This Australian situation is compared to that in France, where resistance conferred by the Rlm1 gene was overcome nation-wide in 5 years under commercial cropping practices, and also where a source of resistance introgressed into B. napus from B. juncea was rendered inefficient in 3 years in experimental field plots near Rennes.     

DNA sequence analysis of ribosomal ITS region 1 of Phytophthora vignae f. sp. adzukicola, the pathogen that causes stem rot of adzuki bean

Sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region 1 were used to examine the phylogenetic relationships among races of 19 isolates of Phytophthora vignae f. sp. adzukicola and between this forma specialis and three isolates of the closely related P. vignae f. sp. vignae. The ITS 1 sequences were highly conserved (> 98.7% similarity) among representatives of both formae speciales groups. The results of this study indicate that P. vignae is a monophyletic group. The nucleotide sequence data reported are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under the accession nos. AB120062–AB120080 and AB120122