犬细小病毒病的防治方法

犬细小病毒病又称犬细小病毒性肠炎,是由犬细小病毒引起的一种接触性、急性传染病.犬细小病毒病传染性强,发病率高,若治疗不及时易造成死亡.现据笔者工作多年的实践经验,简介防治犬细小病毒病的方法.     

浅析犬细小病毒病临床诊断与防治措施

犬细小病毒所引起的犬细小病毒病是危害养犬业最为严重的传染病之一,临床以剧烈呕吐、出血性肠炎、心肌炎和白细胞显著减少为主要特征,感染发病率高,传染性强,病死率高,本文浅析了犬细小病毒的生物学特性,细小病毒病临床症状、诊断、治疗和愈后、预防等内容,以期对犬细小病毒病的防治提供一定的参考。     

犬细小病毒病的防制

犬细小病毒病是由犬细小病毒引起的一种急性、烈性、高接触性并且死亡率较高的烈性传染病。临床上以出血性肠炎、呕吐、心肌炎为主要症状,传染性高、发病急,是目前严重危害我国犬饲养行业的传染病之一。本文对近年来犬细小病毒病的病原学、流行病学、临床表现、诊断技术以及防治措施等进行了综述。     

浅析犬瘟热、犬细小病毒病的诊治

犬病毒性传染病包括犬瘟热、犬细小病毒病、犬传染性肝炎、狂犬病、犬冠状病毒病、犬疱疹病毒病、犬轮状病毒病、犬副流感、伪狂犬病等.下面笔者主要对临床中最为常见,且发病率、死亡率高,对犬类危害严重的犬瘟热、犬细小病毒病这两种病毒性传染病的诊断及防治作一介绍.     

应用血见愁治疗犬细小病毒病的体会

<正>犬细小病毒病是由细小病毒引起的犬的一种急性、热性、高致病性传染病。几年来,随着人们物质生活的不断提高,饲养宠物犬已成为人们的爱好。由于犬数量的增多,犬细小病毒病逐渐增     

犬细小病毒病引发肠套叠的诊疗

正犬细小病毒病是由犬细小病毒引起的一种急性或亚急性传染病,病犬以出现出血性肠炎和非化脓性心肌炎为主。该病发病率高,传染性强,致死率高,是危害犬类的严重传染病。犬细小病毒病引起的肠套叠以幼年犬多发,其治愈率很低。对犬细小病毒病引发的肠套叠,可采用保守治疗(如灌肠)和手术治疗。1发病情况病犬体温38.5℃,其呕吐,腹泻,粪便带血,精神很差。经庆大霉素、氟哌酸治疗,犬病情未见好转。     

犬细小病毒病的治疗和预防

犬细小病毒感染(Canie parvovirus infection,CP)是犬细小病毒引起的一种急性、高度接触性传染病,该病已成为危害犬类的最主要的烈性传染病之一.本文从犬细小病毒病原、流行病学、发病机理、犬细小病毒病的发病症状及病理变化、犬细小病毒病的诊断、预防与治疗等方面进行了较为详细的综述.     

犬细小病毒病的治疗与护理误区

犬细小病毒病是由犬细小病毒引起犬的一种急性传染病。针对犬细小病毒病在临床治疗和护理中出现的误区进行分析,以期为犬细小病毒病的防控提供参考。     

犬细小病毒病的诊治技术

犬细小病毒病又称犬传染性胃肠炎,是由犬细小病毒引起的一种急性传染病,特征为出血性肠炎或非化脓性心肌炎,各种年龄的犬都可发生,但多发于幼犬,死亡率高.本文从流行病学、临床症状、病理变化、诊断、防治等方面就犬细小病毒病做了进一步阐述.     

犬细小病毒病诊治情况的报告

犬细小病毒病俗称“狗翻肠”,是由犬细小病毒感染犬只所引起的一种以急性出血性腹泻、剧烈呕吐、非化脓性心肌炎为症状的急性传染病,具有发病急,死亡率高,难治疗等特点,是危害犬类最重要的传染病之一。笔者就一年来该宠物医院接诊的210例犬细小病毒病的流行特点、临床症状、实验室检查、病理变化和预防诊疗等方面进行了综合分析。     

犬细小病毒病流行病学调查

犬细小病毒感染是由犬细小病毒引起的一种急性、热性、传染性疾病,临床上以出血性肠炎或心肌炎为主要特征。本研究对泰州某宠物门诊2010年1月－2011年3月期间接诊的260例犬细小病例进行了分析研究,旨在了解泰州地区犬细小病毒病发病率、死亡率与犬年龄、品种、免疫接种、季节等因素之间的关系,并总结防控犬细小病毒病最有效的方法。结果表明,犬细小病毒病发病率及死亡率与犬的年龄、品种、免疫接种、季节有很大的相关性,依此提出了防制对策,以期为防制犬细小病毒病提供参考。     

犬细小病毒病的病原学研究进展

犬细小病毒病是由犬细小病毒感染引起的一种急性传染病,以剧烈的呕吐、出血性肠炎和白细胞显著减少为主要特征,并可引起犬急性心肌炎。症状与猫泛白细胞减少症相似,是危害我国养犬业最为严重的传染病之一,可造成严重的经济损失。文章从病毒生物学特性、基因组结构、疫苗开发研制以及病原的检测方法等角度对犬细小病毒病的病原学研究进行了综述。     

犬细小病毒病研究进展

犬细小病毒病是由犬细小病毒感染幼犬所引起的一种急性传染病。临床上有两种表现型,出血性肠炎型以剧烈的呕吐、出血性肠炎和白细胞显著减少为主要特征;心肌炎型则以突然死亡为特征。无论那种类型的临床表现,均以发病率高、死亡率高和传染性强为特点,是危害养犬业最为严重的传染病之一,可造成严重的经济损失。论文从病毒生物学特性、基因组结构、病原的检测方法,流行病学、发病机理及病理变化、临床症状以及疫苗研制等角度对犬细小病毒病近年来的研究进展做以概述。     

犬细小病毒病的临床诊疗效果研究

犬细小病毒病是由犬细小病毒（cpv）引起的一种急性传染病，发病率和死亡率比较高，达10％～50％，自愈率〈5％．笔者在近一年中的犬病治疗过程中用犬细小病毒快速诊断试纸条确诊为犬细小病毒病的有16例。经过临床治疗得出，除了采用高免血清和对症治疗外，治愈率的高低在很大程度上取决于输液，此外对病犬的护理正确精细与否也有一定的关系。本文重点介绍了犬细小病毒病的临床症状、剖检变化、鉴别诊断、治疗情况及治疗体会。     

Canine parvovirus in asymptomatic feline carriers

Canine parvovirus (CPV) and feline panleukopaenia virus (FPLV) are two closely related viruses, which are known to cause severe disease in younger unvaccinated animals. As well as causing disease in their respective hosts, CPV has recently acquired the feline host range, allowing it to infect both cats and dogs. As well as causing disease in dogs, there is evidence that under some circumstances CPV may also cause disease in cats. This study has investigated the prevalence of parvoviruses in the faeces of clinically healthy cats and dogs in two rescue shelters. Canine parvovirus was demonstrated in 32.5% (13/50) of faecal samples in a cross sectional study of 50 cats from a feline only shelter, and 33.9% (61/180) of faecal samples in a longitudinal study of 74 cats at a mixed canine and feline shelter. Virus was isolated in cell cultures of both canine and feline origin from all PCR-positive samples suggesting they contained viable, infectious virus. In contrast to the high CPV prevalence in cats, no FPLV was found, and none of 122 faecal samples from dogs, or 160 samples collected from the kennel environment, tested positive for parvovirus by PCR. Sequence analysis of major capsid VP2 gene from all positive samples, as well as the non-structural gene from 18 randomly selected positive samples, showed that all positive cats were shedding CPV2a or 2b, rather than FPLV. Longitudinally sampling in one shelter showed that all cats appeared to shed the same virus sequence type at each date they were positive (up to six weeks), despite a lack of clinical signs. Fifty percent of the sequences obtained here were shown to be similar to those recently obtained in a study of sick dogs in the UK (Clegg et al., 2011). These results suggest that in some circumstances, clinically normal cats may be able to shed CPV for prolonged periods of time, and raises the possibility that such cats may be important reservoirs for the maintenance of infection in both the cat and the dog population.     

Exposure of free-ranging maned wolves (Chrysocyon brachyurus) to infectious and parasitic disease agents in the No?l Kempff Mercado National Park, Bolivia.

Maned wolves (Chrysocyon brachyurus) are neotropic mammals, listed as a CITES Appendix II species, with a distribution south of the Amazon forest from Bolivia, through northern Argentina and Paraguay and into eastern Brazil and northern Uruguay. Primary threats to the survival of free-ranging maned wolves include habitat loss, road kills, and shooting by farmers. An additional threat to the conservation of maned wolves is the risk of morbidity and mortality due to infectious and parasitic diseases. Captive maned wolves are susceptible to, and die from, common infectious diseases of domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) including canine distemper virus (CDV), canine parvovirus (CPV), rabies virus, and canine adenovirus (CAV). Results from this study show that free-ranging maned wolves in a remote area of Bolivia have been exposed to multiple infectious and parasitic agents of domestic carnivores, including CAV, CDV, CPV, canine coronavirus, rabies virus, Leptospira interrogans spp., Toxoplasma gondii, and Dirofilaria immitis, and may be at increased risk for disease due to these agents.     

The emergence of parvoviruses of carnivores

The emergence of canine parvovirus (CPV) represents a well-documented example highlighting the emergence of a new virus through cross-species transmission. CPV emerged in the mid-1970s as a new pathogen of dogs and has since become endemic in the global dog population. Despite widespread vaccination, CPV has remained a widespread disease of dogs, and new genetic and antigenic variants have arisen and sometimes reached high frequency in certain geographic regions or throughout the world. Here we review our understanding of this emergence event and contrast it to what is known about the emergence of a disease in mink caused by mink enteritis virus (MEV). In addition, we summarize the evolution of CPV over the past 30 years in the global dog population, and describe the epidemiology of contemporary parvovirus infections of dogs and cats. CPV represents a valuable model for understanding disease emergence through cross-species transmission, while MEV provides an interesting comparison.     

Serosurvey of infectious disease agents of carnivores in captive red pandas (Ailurus fulgens) in China.

The future of the endangered red panda (Ailurusfulgens) depends in part on the development of protective measures against infectious diseases. The present study is a first step toward improved understanding of infectious diseases in the species' home regions. Serum samples obtained from 73 red pandas in 10 captive facilities in southwest, east, and northeast China from October to December 2004 were tested for antibodies against nine common infectious pathogens of carnivores. Antibody titers against canine distemper virus (CDV), canine parvovirus (CPV), and canine adenovirus (CAV) in the three facilities in which red pandas were vaccinated were highly variable. The CAV titer in one vaccinated red panda was high enough to suggest infection with the field virus following vaccination. Together with anecdotal reports of vaccine-associated morbidity and mortality, our results suggest that the Chinese vaccine is not suitable for this species. In the seven unvaccinated groups, CDV titers were low and occurred in 20-100% of the animals; antibody titers against CPV were found in seven of eight areas. Only one of 61 and two of 61 unvaccinated red pandas had CAV and canine coronavirus titers, respectively, and these titers were all low. Positive titers to Toxoplasma gondii were found in four locations (33-94% seropositive); the titers in 52% of seropositive individuals were of a magnitude consistent with active disease in other species (1:1,024 to > or = 1:4,096). One red panda in each of three locations was seropositive for Neospora caninum. Antibodies against canine herpesvirus and Brucella canis were not detected in any of the samples. Only one of the 73 red pandas had a weak positive influenza A titer. The results of this study emphasize the need for research on and protection against infectious diseases of red pandas and other endangered species in China.     

抗酵母表达犬细小病毒蛋白VP2的单克隆抗体的制备和鉴定

以纯化的酵母重组表达的犬细小病毒VP2单位免疫BALB／C小鼠,采用B淋巴细胞杂交瘤技术,通过ELISA方法筛选,获得4株能稳定分泌抗犬细小病毒CPV结构蛋白VP2的单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞株。4株单克隆抗体中,2株属于IgG2b亚类,2株属于IgG1亚类,其腹水效价可达到1：51200和1：204800,细胞培养上清液效价可达1：256、1：512。ELISA分析表明,这些单抗仅与CPV及其VP2发生特异性反应,而与CDV和CAV-1及CAV-2没有交叉反应;荧光免疫染色病毒检测进一步表明单克隆抗体的特异性效果好。这些特异性单抗的制备为建立有效的检测犬细小病毒感染奠定了基础。     

Accuracy of a point-of-care ELISA test kit for predicting the presence of protective canine parvovirus and canine distemper virus antibody concentrations in dogs

Canine parvovirus (CPV) and canine distemper virus (CDV) are highly infectious and often fatal diseases with worldwide distributions, and are important population management considerations in animal shelters. A point-of-care ELISA test kit is available to detect serum antibodies to CPV and CDV, and presumptively to predict protective status. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the test compared to CPV hemagglutination inhibition titers and CDV serum neutralization titers determined by a reference laboratory, using sera collected from dogs housed at animal shelters. The ELISA test was used under both field and laboratory conditions and duplicate specimens were processed using an extra wash step. The test kit yielded accurate results (CPV: sensitivity 92.3%, specificity 93.5%; CDV: sensitivity 75.7%, specificity 91.8%) under field conditions. CDV sensitivity was improved by performing the test under laboratory conditions and using an optical density (OD) meter (laboratory performed 94.0%; OD 88.1%). Point-of-care ELISA testing for serum CPV and CDV antibody titers was demonstrated to be a useful tool for determining antibody status when making decisions regarding the need for CPV and/or CDV vaccination and also in animal shelters for population management.