纳米复合浸渍处理对饰面人造板甲醛控释的影响

甲醛是室内常见污染气体,主要源于板式家具和人造板装饰材料中,长期接触会对人体健康产生极大威胁。以人造板饰面用薄木、微薄木、三聚氰胺浸渍原纸为对象,通过浸渍掺杂纳米二氧化钛(Ti O2)的掺杂三聚氰胺树脂胶黏剂,探索3种浸渍处理材料对饰面人造板的甲醛控释能力。研究结果表明,纳米Ti O2的加入,能够不同程度的降低薄木、微薄木、浸渍纸3种材料饰面人造板的甲醛释放。随着纳米Ti O2添加量的增加,饰面人造板的甲醛释放量呈逐步下降的趋势。当纳米Ti O2添加量达到2%质量分数时,微薄木饰面人造板甲醛释放量最低,仅为未处理板材的32.9%。傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)与差示扫描量热法(DSC)分析结果表明,纳米Ti O2掺杂处理三聚氰胺树脂胶黏剂未生成新物质,不会影响热压过程中胶黏剂在饰面材料表面的固化,但对材料表面的润湿性有一定影响。     

不同抗菌剂对浸渍薄木抗菌性能影响的研究

采用纳米TiO_2、载银纳米TiO_2、木聚糖和水溶性壳聚糖等抗菌剂,按不同质量分数均匀分散到薄木浸渍用三聚氰胺甲醛树脂中,用含有抗菌剂的三聚氰胺甲醛树脂浸渍薄木。通过单因素试验分析不同抗菌剂及其浓度对浸渍薄木抗菌性能的影响,结果表明:在无光照的条件下,载银纳米TiO_2的抗菌性能最优;在有光照的条件下,载银纳米TiO_2、小粒径纳米TiO_2(15nm)均具有良好的抗菌特性。综合抗菌性能和经济指标,在无光照或光照较弱的条件下可采用载银纳米TiO_2作为抗菌剂,生产三聚氰胺甲醛树脂浸渍薄木饰面抗菌木质地板等;在有光照的条件下,可优先选用小粒径纳米TiO_2作为抗菌剂,生产三聚氰胺甲醛树脂浸渍薄木饰面抗菌百叶窗等。     

纳米TiO_2对水性木器漆涂饰单板耐光色牢度的影响

为提高水性木器漆的光变色抑制能力,用制备的纳米TiO2浆料对水性木器漆进行改性。通过测试涂饰单板的耐光色牢度,评价油漆制备方法和TiO2添加量对涂膜屏蔽紫外线的影响。结果表明,在不影响漆膜透明度的情况下,纳米TiO2的添加量在1.5%时,漆膜对染色单板和素板均具有较好的屏蔽紫外线性能;纳米杂合乳液直接制备的改性漆膜,其屏蔽性能优于后添加纳米TiO2浆料法水性的漆膜。     

综合信息

全国人造板标准概况之二(截至2004年12月底) 1　已报批的我国人造板标准　·不饱和聚酯树脂装饰胶合板　·刨切单板　·木材胶粘剂及其树脂检验方法　·木材工业胶粘剂用脲醛、酚醛、三聚氰胺甲醛树脂　·人造板甲醛释放量检测用1立方米气候箱装置　·竹材地板　·集成材地板　·单板层积材　·木塑复合材(挤出成型)2　已审查、待报批的我国人造板标准　·饰面用浸渍胶膜纸　·装饰单板贴面人造板　·浸渍胶膜纸饰面人造板　·人造板甲醛释放量检测用40L干燥器装置　·船用贴面刨花板　·硬质纤维板　·细木工板　·刨切车厢胶合板　·软木…     

浸渍胶膜纸饰面人造板等产品抽检结果公布

<正>近日,国家质检总局公布了浸渍胶膜纸饰面人造板、浸渍纸层压木质地板(强化木地板)、实木地板等三类产品2017年第2批质量监督抽查结果。1)浸渍胶膜纸饰面人造板:依据GB 15102–2006《浸渍胶膜纸饰面人造板》、GB 18580–2001《室内装饰装修材料人造板及其制品中甲醛释放限量》     

纳米Al_2O_3改性水性木器漆耐磨性和硬度的研究

为提高水性聚丙烯酸酯木器漆的耐磨性和硬度,进行纳米Al2O3浆料的制备及其对水性木器漆改性的研究,探讨分析不同制备方法和Al2O3添加量对漆膜耐磨性和硬度的影响。结果表明:以聚丙烯酰胺为分散剂、聚乙二醇和辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚为润湿剂、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为稳定保护胶,在高速搅拌下制成的纳米Al2O3浆料,在透射电镜下观察发现纳米Al2O3颗粒分布均匀,具有良好的分散性;在不影响漆膜透明度的情况下,漆膜耐磨性和硬度随Al2O3添加量增加得到提高,添加量在1.5%时漆膜具有较好的耐磨性和硬度;纳米杂合工艺法的漆膜耐磨性和硬度优于后添加法制备的水性木器漆涂膜。     

三聚氰胺浸渍纸边角废料制造复合刨花板工艺研究

三聚氰胺浸渍纸是人造板行业用量最大的饰面材料之一。为拓展三聚氰胺浸渍纸边角废料的利用途径,以杂木刨花和回收的原态浸渍纸边角废料为原料制备复合刨花板。采用正交试验方案,探究了浸渍纸边角废料纸添加量、施胶量和热压参数等因素对板材物理力学性能的影响。结果表明:在三聚氰胺浸渍纸边角废料添加量为20%、脲醛树脂胶黏剂(UF)施胶量13%、热压温度190℃和热压时间9 min工艺条件下,制备的复合刨花板物理力学性能符合GB 4897—2015中P2型刨花板指标要求。     

薄木浸渍用改性三聚氰胺甲醛树脂的制备

三聚氰胺浸渍胶膜纸贴面人造板因其具有成本低、耐磨、耐热、外观靓丽等特点,在人造板饰面中占有较大比例.近几年随着印刷技术的发展,仿真木纹装饰纸几乎到了可以以假乱真的地步,但其与薄木贴面人造板相比,整体效果失真,视觉效果较为生硬,产品档次仍然不高.薄木贴面是目前人造板及其他木制品表面装饰中较高档的装饰方法.经薄木饰面后,板材表面具有木材的天然美感,能够最大限度地满足人们对自然美感的追求.薄木贴面虽然具有很多优势,但其与三聚氰胺浸渍装饰纸贴面相比,贴面后需对其进行涂饰处理,使用不如三聚氰胺浸渍纸方便,涂层的耐热、耐磨等性能多达不到三聚氰胺浸渍纸的性能.     

浸渍胶膜纸饰面对刨花板理化性能指标影响研究

为阐明浸渍胶膜纸饰面对刨花板性能的影响,本文以进口与国产两种刨花板为研究对象,采用相同热压工艺对其进行三聚氰胺浸渍胶膜纸双面压贴处理,参照GB/T17657-2022《人造板及饰面人造板理化性能试验方法》对饰面前后主要的理化性能进行检测分析。结果表明：饰面后两种刨花板的吸水厚度膨胀率显著降低,饰面刨花板的静曲强度、弹性模量、表面胶合强度、内胶合强度和握螺钉力等较饰面前均有不同程度的提升。此外,两种刨花板饰面后甲醛释放量显著降低,分别下降73.4%和58.0%。浸渍胶膜纸饰面不仅可以提高刨花板的物理力学性能,同时还能降低甲醛的释放,饰面处理对拓展刨花板高附加值利用具有重要意义。     

Mg/Al-LDHs纳米阻燃剂的制备及其在饰面人造板中的应用

人造板属于易燃材料,其燃烧往往是引起火灾的主要原因,对居住环境安全有极大的威胁。研究开发新型阻燃剂,对有效降低人造板的燃烧速率、降低火焰传播速度和减少人造板在燃烧过程中产生的有害烟气等具有重要的意义。以六水合硝酸镁和九水合硝酸铝为原料,采用共沉淀法制备Mg/Al层状双金属氢氧化物(layered double hydroxides,LDHs),对其结构和热稳定性进行表征,然后将其与三聚氰胺甲醛树脂复合,并将复合物应用于饰面人造板中,研究其对板材力学性能和阻燃性能的影响。结果表明:所合成的LDHs结晶度较高,尺寸达到纳米级别,且具有良好的层状结构;与空白样相比,添加7%LDHs阻燃剂的饰面刨花板点燃时间延长3s、热释放速率峰值降低6.80%、有效燃烧热峰值降低7.48%、释热总量降低9.97%、二氧化碳产率峰值降低4.62%、一氧化碳产率峰值降低44%,起到了一定的阻燃抑烟效果。     

偶氮二甲酰胺发泡剂对脲醛树脂性能的影响

采用单因素试验方法,将偶氮二甲酰胺发泡剂与脲醛树脂复配制备发泡型胶黏剂,测试胶黏剂的基本性能及拉伸剪切强度,利用热重分析仪(TG)和同步热分析仪(TG-DSC)对胶黏剂的热稳定性和固化特性进行表征。结果表明:偶氮二甲酰胺发泡剂的加入有利于提升树脂体系的流动性,降低树脂的初期固化速度,提高树脂的热稳定性,且对树脂的固体含量及黏度无明显影响;较优的发泡剂添加量为6%;拉伸剪切强度为2.45 MPa。开发的偶氮二甲酰胺/脲醛树脂发泡胶黏剂在轻质人造板领域具有较大的应用潜力。     

国内浸渍胶膜纸及饰面人造板行业前景展望

近年来,随着板式家具的发展,浸渍胶膜纸和饰面人造板行业发展迅猛。文中通过分析国内浸渍胶膜纸及饰面人造板行业的发展现状以及与国外的差距,从浸渍胶膜纸、饰面人造板、产品加工工艺和板式家具等方面对该行业发展进行了展望。     

二氧化钛在脲醛树脂胶黏剂中的应用研究

比较加入不同量的纳米二氧化钛与普通级二氧化钛对脲醛树脂性能的影响及用其制造胶合板的甲醛释放量和胶合强度的影响。研究结果表明,普通级TiO_2加入量为2%时,树脂胶合强度最大,但对板材甲醛释放量没有显著影响;纳米级TiO_2加入脲醛树脂中在日光下搅拌20min能有效提高脲醛树脂的胶合强度,加入量为0.5%时,对用甲醛与尿素物质的量比为1.3:1的脲醛树脂胶压制的胶合板,其板材各项性能指标都超过国家标准E_1级板材要求。     

高频热压胶合中板坯内温度分布及变化趋势

以杨树人工林木材单板为试材,在进行三聚氰胺甲醛树脂浸渍组坯后,利用高频设备热压成型,并以此探讨高频热压胶合中板坯内的温度场分布和变化规律.结果表明:高频热压胶合中板坯内温度随时间变化曲线可用乘幂函数表示.对于板坯的温度场分布,在板材长宽方向,因边缘各点的含水率差异导致加热过程中温度的不一致,但在超过100℃后各点温度会逐渐接近;厚度方向上,高频电场中板坯的中心或两表层温度并非最高,最高温度出现在靠近正极板的部位,最低温度出现在紧贴负极板表层.     

Larix gmelini tannin-based adhesive for plywood

Larix tannin-phenol-formaldehyde (TPF) adhesive, having 60% by weight of phenol being replaced, was evaluated for its utilization in plywood. The kinetic characteristic of the TPF resin was investigated through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the results obtained from the DSC scans show that the resin has a little bit different thermochemical behavior from that of phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin. Two kinds of plywood panels were produced using the TPF adhesive in laboratory. The desired test results met the Chinese GB 9846-88 and ZB B70006-88, respectively, and the long assembly time of TPF resin in preparing plywood can be improved by mixing with the filler.All the properties of plywoods bonded with the TPF adhesive were compared with those obtained with synthetic PF adhesive.     

LARIX GMELINI TANNIN-BASED ADHESIVE FOR PLYWOOD

INTRoDUCTIoNTheuseoftannin-basedadhesivesforthemanufactureofplywoodhasbeenre-portedbypreviousauthors(DaItonl95o,Herzbergl96o,Kulvikl975,Suomi-Lindbergl984,Vazquezl992,etc).Asthepotentialrawmaterialinpreparingadhe-sivecomponCnts,tannincanbeextractedfrommanyplantspecies-Suchprepara-honsarebasedonthereactionofbarkphenoliccomponentswithanaldehyde,usuaIlyformaldehyde.Thesevegetabletanninswhosecomponentsarephenoliccomponentsprovideapossibilityofusingthemforreplacingcertaincomponentsofsynthet…     

微纳纤丝改性豆胶制造染色杨木胶合板

将不同微纳纤丝添加量的三聚氰胺树脂涂饰在杨木单板表面,并以添加微纳纤丝的豆胶作为胶黏剂,制造杨木胶合板,检测微纳纤丝添加量对染色杨木单板表面色牢度、胶合板表面耐磨性能、胶合强度的影响。结果表明:微纳纤丝可明显改善单板表面色牢度及表面耐磨性能;在豆胶中加入微纳纤丝,可提高胶合板的胶合强度。     

三聚氰胺甲醛浸渍树脂的改性研究

为提高三聚氰胺甲醛（MF）浸渍树脂的储存稳定性和柔韧性,联合二甘醇和己内酰胺,对MF树脂进行改性。分析甲醛与三聚氰胺的量比,水、二甘醇和己内酰胺的加量等因素,对改性树脂性能的影响。结果表明,二甘醇和己内酰胺联合改性的方法,可同时提高MF树脂的储存稳定性和柔韧性;并提出最优化工艺参数。     

Sandwich panel of veneer-overlaid low-density fiberboard

Low-density sandwich panels of veneer-overlaid fiberboards of 12 mm thickness for structural use were manufactured at densities of 0.3–0.5g/cm³ using an isocyanate compound resin adhesive and steam injection pressing method. The effects of board density, veneer thickness, and resin content on the fundamental properties of sandwich panels were examined, with the following results: (1) The dry moduli of rupture and elasticity in the parallel direction of sandwich panels with thicker veneers were superior. The dry moduli of rupture and elasticity in the parallel direction of sandwich panels with 2.0 mm thick veneer at densities of 0.4–0.5 g/cm³ were 40–60 MPa, and 5–8 GPa, which were two and four times as much as those of homogeneous fiberboards, respectively. (2) The higher-density panels exhibited tensile failure at the bottom veneer surface during static dry bending in a parallel direction, whereas lower-density panels experienced horizontal shear failure in the core. (3) The dimensional stability of sandwich panels had good dimensional stability, with negligible springback after accelerated weathering conditions. (4) The thermal insulation properties of sandwich panels were found to be much superior to other commercial structural wood composite panels.Part of this report was presented at the 47th annual meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Kouchi, April 1997     

Adhesive performance of woods treated with alternative preservatives

The extended use of woods treated with traditional or alternative preservatives for exterior applications requires an assessment of wood adhesive performance. This study attempts to evaluate the performance of wood adhesives for woods treated with various waterborne preservatives. Two softwood species, i.e. Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc.) and Japanese Larch (Larix leptolepis [Sieb. et Zucc.] Gordon) were treated with copper–chrome–arsenic (CCA), CB-HDO, or copper azole (CY), and then bonded with four different wood adhesives such as urea–melamine–formaldehyde (UMF) resin, melamine–formaldehyde (MF) resin, phenol–formaldehyde (PF) resin, and resorcinol–formaldehyde (RF) resin. The performance of these adhesives was evaluated by measuring the dry shear strength of adhesive-bonded wood block on compression. Both UMF and MF resins produced a relatively strong adhesive strength for CY-treated pine and larch woods. The PF resin also produced good bond strength when bonded with either larch wood treated with CY or pinewood treated with CB-HDO. The best result was obtained when the CB-HDO-treated woods were bonded with RF resin. For a better bond strength development, a proper combination of adhesive, preservative, and wood species should be selected by taking into consideration of the characteristics of these three parameters as well as their interactions.