杉木无性系造林对比试验及重复力估测

引进浙江省12个杉木无性系扦插苗在Ⅱ、Ⅲ类立地的不同坡位上与福建省大田桃源国有林场初级种子园实生苗进行造林对比试验.结果表明,20 a生时12个无性系间在树高、胸径、冠幅、单株平均材积生长上均存在极显著差异,枝下高因造林密度原因差异不显著;不同坡位造林对无性系的影响,除冠幅显著外,其它各生长性状均极显著;与实生苗对比,适宜本地发展的杉木无性系首选57号、28号,其次为38号、A1、110号,可作为建立采穗圃的优良种源.无性系各生长性状重复力测算结果表明,20 a生时各无性系与原株之间的遗传特性保持极高的稳定性.     

木麻黄优良无性系在山地引种栽培试验

通过福建中部山地引种木麻黄造林试验,5 a的研究结果表明:木麻黄无性系与实生苗造林保存率都较高,分别达到98.15%和96.8%,差异不显著。试验还表明,采用木麻黄无性系造林,其树高、胸径、材积的生长明显优于木麻黄实生苗的生长速度。前者比后者三项主要指标的生长量增加25.0%、26.5%和94.2%,差异较为显著。采用木麻黄优良无性系造林,其林木干型通直、冠幅大、林相整齐;应用实生苗造林,个体分化较大、生长参差不齐。     

东海岛沙质海岸木麻黄无性系的生长比较

在东海岛沙质海岸防护林营造中,选用木麻黄8 个优良无性系和1 个本地实生苗进行造林对比试验。结果表明:造林后第3 年起8 个无性系的树高生长均快于实生苗,其中无性系“503”树高生长一直保持最快;随着时间的推移,无性系间树高生长差异有逐步缩小的趋势;到第5 年“503”树高生长与其他7 个无性系已无显著差异,只显著快于实生苗。4 年生前木麻黄各无性系间的胸径生长无显著差异,从第5 年起无性系“南三7”与实生苗的生长差异显著,此后,8 个无性系全部超过实生苗。     

不同杉木良种林分生长比较

为筛选出适宜在福建杉木中心产区推广的杉木良种,选择5个杉木良种(福建尤溪第2代种子园实生苗、福建洋口第2代种子园实生苗、广西融水第1代种子园实生苗、洋020无性系组培苗、福建沙县本地种源实生苗),在福建农林大学莘口教学林场开展不同杉木良种、不同坡位造林对比试验,造林后12 a对不同杉木良种林分的生长情况进行调查.结果 ...     

黄栀子不同栽培品种苗木及幼树结果状况分析

采用黄栀子7个种源11个栽培品种的种子进行播种育苗,并与无性系苗木进行造林对比试验,对不同栽培品种与无性系幼林生长、初期结果量、果实各项指标进行观测。结果表明:黄栀子不适合用家系种子育苗。树体中等,高冠比适中,树冠比较开展、枝叶比较坚挺的栽培品种结果量最大,如福鼎市茗阳、苍南县南山头、福鼎市分关3个栽培品种;无性系造林具有明显优势,比实生苗造林提前1 a结果,且结果量显著高于实生苗。其中以福鼎市选育的"分关1号"无性系表现最优,将其与浙江省苍南县南山头乡、福建福鼎市茗阳村栽培品种合理配置,可作为福鼎市黄栀子产业化开发的优良品种。     

火炬松无性系和实生苗造林的对比试验

<正> 一、试验目的火炬松的种源间和种源内的个体之间的差异较湿地松大,进行元性系选育的效果将更为显著。本小试验的目的进行火炬松无性系选育的可能性和可行性的研究,以为今后进一步探讨开展无性系选育的前景。二、试验材料与方法将一般实生苗中的超级苗,通过针叶束繁殖成无性系,经过定植培育成两年生苗,于1984年春造林,株行距3×3米,以一般两年生实生苗作对照,采取了株小区3次重复设计。三、试验的初步结果 1986年9年16日,对上述试验林的生长情     

沙荒风口造林用木麻黄抗逆无性系选育及造林效果

选育6个木麻黄无性系并培育两年生大苗,在福建平潭县岚城镇上楼村沙荒风口进行造林试验。结果表明木麻黄无性系大苗造林后在树高、胸径、材积等方面的生长情况显著优于普通木麻黄实生苗,所造林分具有生长快、郁闭早、林相整齐等特点。6个无性系中龙7、惠1、粤701表现最优,抗风力强,可作为沿海沙荒风口造林的理想材料。     

白榆优良无性系与实生苗木材产量和质量差异试验简介

<正> 白榆优良无性系与实生苗木材产量的差异和木材质量的差异问题,是白榆无性系育种应解决的重要问题,对这两个差异问题,河南、河北、辽宁等省都进行试验研究,现将各省的试验结果简介如下:1 优良无性系与实生苗木材产量的差异1.1 河北省林科所的试验结果 6个优良无性系混合与实生苗同时造林,无性系苗2     

湿地松无性系和实生苗造林对比试验

<正> 湿地松(Pinus elliottii)原产美国东南部,我国自引种栽培以来,表现优良,已进行大面积造林。我们从1981年开始探讨湿地松无性系造林及无性系选育工作。现将试验的进展情况,小结如下: 一、材料与方法供试材料为超级苗的针叶束和优良家系优势苗的针叶束。用水培法将针叶束培育成无性系苗木,并对无性系进行苗期测定。在苗期测定的基础上,留优去劣,将中选的无性系苗木用作造林试验。1981年培育的无性系苗木,1982年3月造第一块试验林,株行距3×4米,造林按随机区组排列,3株小区,4次重复,以一般实生苗做对照。1982年     

刺槐无性系造林生长观测与分析

通过刺槐无性系在渭北黄土高原区不同立地条件上的造林试验及长期观测,对剌槐无性系与实生苗之间的生长差异进行了分析.结果表明,刺槐无性系前期生长较快,喜湿润特性更加明显.但后期生长量与实生苗之间的差距逐年缩小.     

英德火炬松种子园子代在粤北的生长规律研究

火炬松(Pinus taeda L.)原产美国东南部,为美国东南部的主要造林树种,具有生长快、适应性强、材质好、抗病虫害强的特点,是美国南方松中分布最广、蓄积量最多的树种,也是工业原料林和薪炭林树种[1].     

不同马尾松良种在闽北栽培效果初步研究

2000~2005年,每年春季分别在闽北7个国有林场用广西马尾松种子园和福建漳平五一国有林场马尾松种子园的种子育苗、造林,通过2005年的调查数据分析结果表明:广西马尾松良种在同一地点,树高、地径生长好于漳平马尾松良种,冠幅生长性状基本相等;广西马尾松良种在南平樟湖国有林场栽培效果最佳,漳平马尾松良种在浦城大庄国有林场栽培效果最佳,本地马尾松以建瓯水西国有林场生长最佳,广西马尾松良种更适合于纬度较低、积温较高的地区发展。     

红锥嫁接"假活"现象原因探讨

针对龙眼洞林场红锥种子园中采用腹接法嫁接的接株出现的“假活”现象进行了调查和分析。结果表明：在110株嫁接成活株中,后来又死亡的假活株数有22株,占20％,使嫁接成活率由55％下降至44％。引起假活的原因主要是接穗和砧木选择不当,其假活株数比例为59．1％,其他原因还有接口部位太高和管护不当造成的接株损伤和白蚁危害。掌握正确的嫁接技术、提高工人的嫁接水平并加强对接株的管护是解决“假活”问题的主要对策。     

Which grow better under the canopy of Norway spruce planted or sown seedlings of European beech?

Direct seeding and planting of European beech (Fagus sylvaticaL.) are two common techniques for the conversion of pure Norwayspruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) stands into mixed stands. Thisstudy tested whether the growth of sown beech seedlings differsfrom that of planted seedlings of two stock types. Thereforeat two experimental sites repeated measurements were made ofheight, stem and first order branch diameter on sown and plantedseedlings over a period of nine years. The results showed thatthe growth responses of planted and sown seedlings to the environmentalconditions below the canopy of overstorey Norway spruce wererather similar. No differences between planted and sown seedlingswere found in their diameter and their estimated abovegrounddry weight. For all three batches the ratio between the estimatedbranch dry weight and the estimated main stem dry weight (branch-shoot-ratio(BSR)) was increased with age. Due to intraspecific competitionBSR was lowest for the sown seedlings irrespective of theirage. Differences in growth dynamics between planted and sownseedlings were found. For example, differences in the heightor the estimated aboveground woody dry weight between sown andplanted seedlings at a given age were not constant. Height,diameter and estimated dry mass of the seedlings in relationto age could be modelled precisely by a second-order polynomialfunction in the hitherto studied period.     

窄冠刺槐无性系根段扦插育苗研究

刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia L.)因其木质坚硬,色泽纹理美观,耐磨耐腐蚀,抗弯抗压及抗剪强度高,是制造地板、家具等产品的优质木材[1]。我国从20世纪70年代开始对刺槐进行遗传改良,先后在次生种源选择、优良无性系选育等方面做了大量研究[2-5],选育出了一大批生长表现良好的优良无性系[6-7],特别是于2002年在河南省选育的窄冠刺槐优良无性系,生长快,主干通直圆满,分枝角度小,托     

杉木无性系选择与木材生产相结合的研究

自 1 964年以来 ,我国建立了大面积的杉木种子园 ,选出了许多优良家系和优良种源。但是 ,种子产量不稳定 ,控制授粉成本高 ,育苗技术复杂 ,是实生苗造林中存在的问题。无性系林业可以获得更高的增产效果 ,凡可以低成本大规模无性繁殖的树种 ,均应采用无性系林业 (朱之悌 ,1 986)。 1 0余年来 ,扦插育苗和成年树复壮技术有了重大进步 (李明鹤等 ,1 990ａ;1 990ｂ ;1 990ｃ) ,这为实现完整的无性系林业 (ｆｕｌｌｃｌｏｎａｌｆｏｒｅｓｔｒｙ )铺平了道路。但是 ,传统的无性系育种法所需时间长 ,遗传基础窄 ,不适合于杉木。 1 986年 ,李明鹤…     

巨桉在平岗林场的引种生长效果分析

1999年从澳大利亚引种巨桉,种植于西江林业局平岗林场,5年生时进行生长调查,结果表明:5 年生的巨桉平均树高达18．4 m,平均胸径15．2 cm,平均单株材积0．161 1 m3,最大胸径达24．1 cm,最高树高28．0 m,最大单株材积0．497 7 m3,平均蓄积量145．0 m3/hm2,与同时引种的立地基本相同的尾巨桉比较,优势较明显。平岗林场巨桉的引种取得良好的效果,适宜在广东西江两岸大面积推广种植。     

Container seedlings outperform barefoot stock: Survival and growth after 10 years

Ponderosa pine, Jeffrey pine, and Douglas-fir seedlings were planted in container or bareroot form at three elevations in northern California. At the lowest elevation (762 m), container seedlings of ponderosa pine were significantly taller than bareroot seedlings at ages 4 and 10, and had breast-height diameters that were significantly larger than bareroot counterparts at age 10. Survival of Douglas-fir container seedlings was significantly greater than that of barefoot seedlings for all ages tested. At the mid-elevation site (1220 m), container seedlings of ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir were significantly larger in breast-height diameter than bareroot seedlings at age 10. Douglas-fir container seedlings survived significantly better at all ages than barefoot seedlings. At the highest elevation (1662 m), seedling height and diameter did not differ significantly, but survival of container seedlings was significantly higher than barefoot seedlings for both pine species at all ages tested.     

杉木幼林补植苗的生长过程分析

在福建南平峡阳国有林场,采用固定标准地法研究杉木造林后1 a补植的杉木补植苗的生长过程。结果表明:杉木补植苗(补植后7 a,树龄为8 a)与造林苗的生长量存在较大差异,其平均胸径、平均树高、平均高径比和平均单株材积分别是造林苗(造林后8 a,树龄为9 a)的71.83%、81.20%、113.01%和43.52%,分别是相同树龄(造林后7 a)造林苗的78.40%、89.16%、113.78%和56.10%。     

Effect of Reforestation Methods on Pine Weevil (Hylobius abietis) Damage and Seedling Survival

Örlander, G.1 and Nilsson, U. (Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, The Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Asa Forest Research Station, S-360 30 Lammhult, Sweden and Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, The Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Box 49, S-230 53 Alnarp, Sweden). Effect of reforestation methods on pine weevil (Hylobius abietis) damage and seedling survival. Received Feb. 16, 1998. Accepted Sept. 15, 1998. Scand. J. For. Res. 00: 000-000, 199X. Damage to Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seedlings by the large pine weevil, Hylobius abietis (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), was monitored in relation to clear - cutting age and silvicultural treatments in southern Sweden. New clear - cuttings were established on four sites during five consecutive years, and seedlings were planted on them from 1989 through 1993. In total, 31 774 seedlings were planted on 20 clear - cuttings. The measures evaluated were seedling insecticide treatment, application of herbicide to ground vegetation, scarification (mound) and planting late in the season. In addition, the effects of slash removal and seedling type were studied. The pine weevil was, by far, the dominant damaging agent. Planting without insecticide or soil treatment on fresh, one- or two - year - old clear - cuttings resulted in a mean level of weevil - caused mortality exceeding 60%. The results indicate that the risk of serious damage by pine weevils remains high until the clear - cuttings reach four or five years of age. Killing the vegetation with herbicide had no effect on pine weevil damage. Slash removal decreased damage on older clear - cuttings, but the effect was small. Scarification (mounding) strongly reduced damage. On fresh clear - cuttings the mean mortality caused by pine weevils in mounded plots was 13%, whereas it was 77% in the controls. The mounding effect varied between sites and clear - cuttings of different ages. Late planting (10 June instead of 1 May) reduced damage on two- and three - year - old clear - cuttings. Three - year - old, bare - rooted seedlings were not damaged as seriously as two - year - old, containerized ones, but the effect was probably due to the larger size of the bare - rooted seedlings. Non - lethal injury resulted in reduced seedling growth. Damage by pine weevils varied between years and within growing seasons. However, on fresh, one- and two - year - old clear - cuttings, damage was severe enough to cause high mortality during all studied years.