热管管外结冰过程研究

通过对热管制冰传热过程的理论分析,得出影响结冰速率的主要因素是热管的温度与半径.建立了管外结冰一维传热模型,分别以半径和时间为步长对结冰速率进行迭代求解,并利用半径微元法得出了不同温度以及不同圆管半径下的制冰速率曲线.与试验结果相比,所得理论模型能够较好地与其吻合.     

冬枣保鲜技术研究现状

介绍了冬枣的品质特性及呼吸类型。综述了低温贮藏、气调贮藏、冰温贮藏对延缓冬枣新陈代谢,保持新鲜度,延长贮藏期的研究现状。探讨了降低冬枣冰点的方法并介绍了其保鲜辅助技术措施。     

Load Prediction with Neural Network Method and Operation Optimization of Ice Storage Air Conditioning System

This paper presents some common control strategy of ice storage air conditioning system. It is suggested that the optimization on ice storage air conditioning system should be based on accurate load prediction and the artificial neural network (ANN) modeling for load prediction was presented.     

冰袋预冷对辣椒贮藏品质的影响

为了解冰袋预冷对辣椒贮藏品质的影响,以‘中椒107’品种为实验材料,分别在环境温度为25℃和29℃左右时采收辣椒,以辣椒质量的10%、20%、30%和40%的冰袋用量对辣椒进行预冷处理,以不用冰袋作为对照,然后放到10℃冷库中贮藏。结果表明,冰袋在辣椒预冷中有较好的降温作用。环境温度约为25℃时,冰袋预冷处理对提高辣椒的贮藏品质没有显著作用。环境温度约为29℃时,预冷冰袋的适宜用量为辣椒质量的10%。在贮藏后期的失重率和腐烂率明显下降,商品率显著提高,保持了较高的总糖、可溶性蛋白质和维生素C等营养成份的含量。贮藏结束时,与CK相比,腐烂率降低了57.6%,商品率提高了44.6%,含糖量提高了10.4%。     

芹菜保鲜研究

研究了普通冰预冷冷藏和镁盐冰预冷冷藏芹菜的方法。冷藏温度为５－７℃，镁盐溶液的浓度为０．２％，在１５天的贮藏期中，分别进行了６项生理生化指标规定。时测定结果的分析表明，用镁盐冰预冷冷藏的芹菜，其各项指标变化幅度最小；普通冰预冷冷藏的芹菜，短期贮藏（７天左右）效果比收好。冰预冷低温冷藏可以抑制芹菜衰老，减缓芹菜代谢，保鲜效果明显。此外，镁盐冰预冷冷藏对芹菜保绿效果明显。     

冰温气调对红富士苹果贮藏效果的影响

研究了冰温条件下不同气体成分对红富士苹果果实生理及贮藏品质的影响。结果表明,八成熟红富士苹果的冰点为-1．5℃,其冰点温度与果实的成熟度呈负相关;适宜的冰温气调贮藏条件可明显地抑制红富士苹果呼吸及乙烯释放速率．减缓果实组织相对电导率的上升和杲肉硬度及可溶性固形物（TSS）的下降速率,贮藏8个月仍能保持良好的品质;红富士苹果较长期冰温贮藏的适宜气体指标为：O2 1％～3％,CO2〈2％。     

计及电网停电风险的输电线路动态融冰决策方法

电网发生大面积冰灾情况时,多条输电线路存在覆冰故障隐患,电网稳定运行受到严重威胁,需要提前制定输电线路融冰方案,合理安排融冰顺序。针对此问题,分析输电线路覆冰继续运行给电网带来的停电风险,将与待融冰输电线路相关联的变电站的电气主接线展开,将传统削负荷模型改进后应用于输电网与变电站主接线的组合网络,建立断路器可靠性模型,计算靠后融冰线路因继续运行的电网停电风险;利用计及风速及降雨影响的输电线路覆冰增长预测模型,计算输电线路的覆冰率,根据覆冰率门槛值确定待融冰线路集,基于覆冰严重度模型构建系统全局的覆冰指数指标;综合考虑电网停电风险及系统全局覆冰指数建立输电线路融冰紧迫度指标,动态更新待融冰线路并决策融冰顺序。最后,以IEEE RBTS系统进行算例分析,验证了所提方法的可行性与合理性。     

闽北不同森林经营模式碳储量比较研究?

为了明确不同森林经营模式对天然林碳储量的影响,推动经营区森林的保护、开发和持续利用,采用间接收获法获取样品,并运用低温外热重铬酸钾氧化-比色法测定植物碳含量,对9种经营模式下天然林碳储量进行比较分析。结果表明,选择采育结合的经营模式更有利于提高森林树干、树枝和根系的碳储量,但各种经营模式下的树叶碳储量差距不大。天然林分中碳储量的分布大致服从：乔木层>枯枝落叶层>草本层>灌木层,天然林的碳储量在采育结合的经营模式下最大,保植补育经营模式下最小,在定向培育和间伐调整的经营模式下处于中等水平。林分碳储量主要集中在乔木层,林分各层适宜的经营模式不同。从碳储量总量上看,天然林选择采育结合的经营模式更合理,更有利于提高森林资源的碳储量,促进其形成生态、经济效益俱佳的天然混交林推动森林生态系统的物质循环,推进生态系统的健康与可持续发展。     

Simulation of ice shedding on transmission lines considering ice shedding velocity effect

Ice shedding on transmission lines results in longitudinal unbalanced forces on adjacent transmission towers,which significantly threaten the safety of transmission lines.The methodology of ice shedding simulation on transmission lines is developed by using the finite element method and validated by comparing the simulation results with those obtained from the model scale experiments done by previous researchers.The responses of the tower line system induced by simultaneous ice shedding on the conductor and ground wire are analyzed.The developed methodology is then applied to study ice shedding considering unzipping effect,in which the influence of the velocity of ice shedding on the responses is investigated.Results from this study show that the longitudinal unbalanced forces induced by simultaneous ice shedding from the ground wire are greater than those from the conductor under similar condition.During the analysis of ice shedding considering unzipping effect,the slower the velocity of ice shedding is,the closer the responses are to those resulting from static unloading;and the faster the velocity of ice shedding is,the closer the responses are to those resulting from simultaneous ice shedding.     

翠冠梨主要贮藏病害及其冰温贮藏技术的研究

以砂梨系统的翠冠梨为试验材料,用30μm厚的PE打孔袋包装,分别于（0±0.5）℃（CK）和（-1.5±0.5）℃（冰温）两个低温下贮藏120 d,研究贮藏过程中果实腐烂率、褐变率、品质和生理指标的变化。结果表明,翠冠梨在低温贮藏过程中的褐变程度较轻,可能与贮藏环境中较低的CO2浓度（〈0.2%）有关;但果实的腐烂问题较为严重,以侵染性病害黑斑病和褐腐病造成的腐烂为主;冰温贮藏可以显著降低果实的呼吸强度、相对电导率、PPO活性和MDA含量,延缓果实衰老,降低腐烂率和褐变率,保持果实较高的TSS、TA含量和硬度与脆度,贮藏期可以达到120d,而对照果实的贮藏期仅为90d。     

储藏物冷却机在高温高湿区高大平房仓的应用

选用功率较小的储藏物冷却机与负压通风相结合,对福建漳州地区的粮面压盖稻谷仓进行降温冷却,通过改变粮面压盖方式实现冷却的均匀性和彻底性.累计运行时间112.7 h,降温3.3℃,水分变化为0.1％,达到了保水降温的效果.运行期间的降温单位能耗为0.47 kW·h/℃·t,符合《谷物冷却机低温储粮技术规程》的规定,结束降温后粮面压盖延缓了粮温复温.     

臭氧化冰的制备与保存初探

研究了臭氧化水在不同低温下冻结成冰的速率,探讨了不同温度及包装容器对臭氧化冰中臭氧浓度的影响和不同质量的臭氧化冰在泡沫箱中的臭氧释放规律。结果表明,温度越低,臭氧化水的冻结速率越高,臭氧的损失越小;用液氮（-196℃）制备的臭氧化冰浓度最高;用小冰盘作容器制备的臭氧化冰较其他两种容器制备的臭氧浓度高;臭氧化冰保存在（-18±2）℃条件下臭氧损失相对较小;臭氧含量相同的臭氧化冰质量越高,常温下释放的臭氧浓度也越高。     

实时观测交变磁场对圣女果冷冻保鲜品质的影响

以圣女果为研究对象,探究不同交变磁场强度(0、796、1 592、2 388 A/m)对圣女果冷冻过程中品质和冰晶生成状态的影响,旨在为其贮藏和品质保鲜提供合适参数。结果表明,在圣女果的冷冻过程中施加不同强度的交变磁场,可以明显改变冰晶生长的大小和数量,与对照组相比,试验组的整体外观品质均得到改善,其中最佳磁场强度范围为1 592～2 388 A/m,频率为50 Hz。     

冰葡萄酒生产及其在我国的发展

生产冰酒的关键是原料,葡萄必须在自然条件下冰冻在葡萄藤上,采摘温度控制在-15℃￣-8℃。真正的冰葡萄酒来自于优质葡萄品种,并用独特的生产工艺酿制。冰酒在国际市场上是珍品,是一个极具开发潜力的产业,在我国刚刚起步,随着基地建设和成熟配套技术的推广,将具有更大的市场和发展。     

Simulating Calculation and Experimental Research on Cubic Capsule Ice Storage Apparatus

This paper uses the one-dimensional resistance network theory for simulating calculation of the dynamic performance during heat storing and heat releasing of the cubic capsule ice thermal storage component. The calculation results have a good correlativity with the experimental values,which makes it clear that the model will be suitable for developing products and use in engineering.     

新疆伊犁冰葡萄栽培及冰酒酿造技术的初步研究

新疆伊犁有着悠久的葡萄栽培历史,独特的气候条件造就了栽培冰葡萄的独特优势。通过对冰葡萄栽培技术及冰酒加工工艺的研究,初步形成一套冰葡萄栽培及酿造的工艺体系,为充分利用本地资源,做大本地葡萄酒产业奠定一定的理论基础。     

谷物冷却机低温储粮节能技术

依据10多年的谷冷机应用经验,以理论结合实践的方式,对谷物冷却机低温储粮节能技术要点进行分析、总结,供大家在生产应用中参考。     

Post-buckling and mode jumping analysis of angle-ply composite laminates

The governing partial differential equations (PDEs) are deduced from the asymptotically correct, geometrically nonlinear theory to research the bucking and mode jumping behavior of biaxially antisymmetric angle-ply composite laminates. The PDEs are transformed into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by using the generalized Galerkin method. Then, the post-buckling behavior is analyzed by using the solution extension software. At last, the paths of buckling mode jumping and critical loads for the composite laminates under the in-plane boundary condition of straight edge are determined. An example of 4-layer composite laminates shows that the numerical results in the primary post-buckling region from the present method agree with the finite element analysis (FEA); while the FEA may lose its convergence when solution comes close to the secondary bifurcation point, the analytic method has the capability to explore deeply into the post-secondary bucking realm and capture the mode jumping phenomenon.     

食品“新工科”应用型人才产教融合培养模式探讨

分别就新形势下传统食品制造业及新兴食品衍生行业人才需求进行系统分析,并论证地方高校依托产教融合培养"新工科"应用型人才的科学性、明智性、便捷性。在总结我国食品专业产教融合培养模式典型实践成果的基础上,探讨该模式实践中应处理好的几个问题,为食品新工科应用型人才培养提供参考意见。     

Ice Jet and Ice Preparation

An injection ice jet system has been studied and established.Through ice jet removing paint experiment,three parameters that influence removing efficiency such as flow,temperature,diameter are investigated.The experiment results come to the conclusion that ice jet can achieve removing paint in lower working pressure.Also a plan of preparing ice particles continuously has been put forward,and the analyses and calculations are done in terms of theory.