23株白僵菌菌株生物学特性的研究

在PDA与虫粉-蛋白胨2种培养基以及1%葡萄糖+7%麦皮滤液中,对23株白僵菌菌株的菌落形态、菌丝生长、产孢量以及在不同温度、湿度下的孢子萌发率、抗紫外线能力等方面进行了试验。结果表明:菌落形态可分为3种类型;在2种培养基上,同一菌株及不同菌株在不同培养基上的产孢量也有差异,菌丝徒长的产孢量低;不同温度、湿度下,不同菌株分生孢子萌发率有明显差异。与其它菌株相比,Bpp、Be2、Bd5、Bbt1、Bpx2、Bpr3菌株萌发率高,表现出较好的耐高温和抗旱性以及抗紫外线能力。     

环境条件及常见农药对球孢白僵菌生长的影响

研究了不同温度、紫外线及田间常用的2种杀虫剂和3种杀菌剂对球孢白僵菌菌丝生长的影响,结果表明:在15~25℃温度范围内,球孢白僵菌的菌落直径随着温度的升高而增大,在25℃条件下达到最大,即23.2~32.0 mm。经紫外线处理,得到菌株BbI01抗紫外线能力最强,处理与对照菌落直径无差别;杀菌剂对球孢白僵菌的菌丝生长完全抑制,而杀虫剂的抑制作用较弱,其中敌百虫对球孢白僵菌菌丝生长反而有促进作用,说明杀虫剂与球孢白僵菌相容性较好。     

花粉杀菌方法比较及紫外线杀菌工艺

以花粉为研究材料,通过比较湿热灭菌,微波处理,^60Co辐照灭菌、乙醇灭菌,紫外线灭菌对细菌数目、Vc保存率的影响。比较不同杀菌方式对花粉的影响结果表明：微波灭菌、^60Co辐照灭菌灭菌效果较好;从Vc保存率来看,乙醇灭菌、紫外线灭菌效果较好。研究了紫外线灭菌工艺,结果表明杀菌时间为3h,紫外灯功率为32w．照射距离为30cm较合适。     

浅析苏州市森林生态系统对城市环境的影响

通过对苏州市具有代表性的4种森林环境类型和2个对照样地设置生态环境定位监测点进行监测,结果表明:不同定位监测点在温度、湿度、滞尘、紫外线强度、负离子等方面差异明显,但森林在城市环境中的缓解城市热岛效应、增加空气湿度、阻挡和过滤粉尘、产生空气负离子、减弱紫外线辐射强度等生态功能显著。     

生活保健

天气预报新概念紫外线指数紫外线指数一般用０～１５的数字来表示 ,它是这样规定的 :夜间的紫外线指数为０ ,晴天无云时紫外线指数为１５ ,紫外线指数数值越大 ,对人体皮肤和眼睛的损伤程度就愈大。例如 ,紫外线指数为０、１、２级时 ,其照射强度最弱 ,无须防护 ;５、６级为中等 ,外出时除戴防护帽和太阳镜外 ,最好涂擦防晒霜 ;７、８、９为强 ,避免外出活动 ,外出时尽可能遮荫 ;等于或大于１０级为很强 ,尽可能不外出。穿衣指数建议人们在特定天气条件下穿什么样的衣服 ,但这种建议只是对一般人而言 ,老人、小孩或体弱有病的人还应作相应的…     

紫外线消毒技术在水和污水处理中的应用

指出了紫外线消毒在水和污水处理领域得到日益广泛的应用,分析了紫外线消毒的原理、优点与不足之处,以及水和污水处理中的应用情况,探讨了紫外线消毒后的细菌复活研究、流体力学模拟软件的应用和紫外线消毒高效低能耗光源的开发等紫外线消毒技术的研发与应用的主要方向。     

动物紫外线求婚

动物的求婚方式是有趣而多样化的,但总的讲,不外乎利用气味、声响和体姿。然而,美国动物学家最近发现,紫外线也是某种动物的择偶手段。以紫外线择偶动物是生活在热带丛林中的安乐蜥。几年前,有人发现这种蜥的眼底视网膜上长有一对对紫外线感敏的细胞。至于这类细胞对安乐蜥的生态作用,却一直不明白。现在已经揭开了这个秘密。原来,雄性安乐蜥的颈部长有一个喉囊,能反射紫外线。当它们求偶时,便拼死鼓起喉囊,将空中的紫外线向四周反射出去。这时,藏在叶丛中的雌性安乐蜥眼底视网膜上的感敏细胞,便能感受到雄安乐蜥发来的“求婚信号”,并应邀…     

夏日防晒美白完全手册

A:防晒化妆品种类有几种 越来越多的人们开始使用防晒制品，以防止紫外线辐射对人体的伤害。业内人士提示，消费者不仅要考虑紫外线的急性严重日晒红斑和晒伤，而且要考虑较弱、慢性、反复和积累性日晒及其他污染等对皮肤的损害。多数研究证实，将uvA和uvB防晒剂复配后的防晒产品可明显提高对紫外线     

纳米TiO_2粉体材料

二氧化钛是一种重要的化工原料,广泛应用于颜料、造纸、涂料、油漆、橡胶、陶瓷等行业.纳米二氧化钛由于它具有的表面效应,小尺寸效应和宏观量子隧道效应,在光学、热学、电学、磁学、力学及化学性与颗粒的普通二氧化钛有着显著的不同.纳米二氧化钛具有独特的抗紫外线、抗菌、抑菌、光催化等特性,已广泛应用于光触媒材料、抗菌陶瓷、抗紫外线化妆品、抗菌涂料、汽车漆等.     

紫外线截止镀膜玻璃

紫外线使高分子有机物老化,在一些特殊的场合需要阻止紫外线从玻璃射入或射出。例如:在太阳能电池的组成构件上需要用到有机树脂,特别是航空、航天活动中航空器上的太阳能电池,都会因紫外线的照射而使转变效率下降。目前,制备阻挡紫外线玻璃的方法是,在玻璃组     

我国菊花核技术诱变育种研究进展

应用核技术进行植物诱变育种的主要种类较早有X射线、γ射线、β射线、中子、紫外线,现较新的手段有激光、电子束、低能重离子注入等。我国菊花诱变育种研究在所有观赏植物中首屈一指。本文对菊花核技术诱变育种状况包括诱变的手段、种类、处理材料及适宜辐照剂量及辐照机理进行了总结分析,并指出了核技术诱变育种存在问题及发展方向。     

光质对经济林果的生理生态作用

太阳辐射光谱的主要范围在150nm～4000nm之间。不同波长的光的物理性质不同,对果树产生的光化学反应以及对果树生长发育的影响也不同。紫外线主要产生损伤作用,可见光主要是促进和调节作用,红外线主要是热效应,给果树提供能量。     

火烈鸟脱毒苗的快繁技术

研究了粉红色小花品种的火烈鸟脱毒苗的茎尖高倍、快速繁殖技术。结果表明采用其初夏植株的嫩茎尖,选择适宜的培养基和生长调节剂,经诱导分化、继代培养、壮苗与生根、出瓶、移栽,成功实现了适宜哈尔滨地区的一套火烈鸟脱毒苗的快繁技术。     

哈尔滨城郊防护林物种多样性研究

通过对哈尔滨城郊防护林物种丰富度、多样性、均匀度等指数的测量和计算,研究了哈尔滨城郊防护林物种多样性,结果表明,哈尔滨城郊防护林带的物种多样性指数较低,不同样带之间差异不大;物种多样性指数分布范围为1．625～2．402,平均值为2．041。物种均匀度也较低,样带之间差异不大,介于0．596～0．807之间,平均值为0．706。     

哈尔滨地区的野生藤本植物及其分布

哈尔滨地区属温带气候,野生藤本植物十分丰富。经过2年的调查,查清了哈尔滨地区野生藤本植物共有25种。本文介绍了野生攀援植物的分布情况及7种最常见野生藤本植物的生活型、生理生态特性及繁殖方法等,并提出了开发利用和保护的建议。     

Seasonal variation in population characteristics and management implications for brown rats (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Rattus norvegicus</Emphasis>) within their native range in Harbin,China

The brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) originated in north-eastern China, Siberia and Japan and subsequently spread worldwide. However, despite its importance to agriculture, public health and scientific and medical research, surprisingly few studies have focused on wild brown rat populations. There are four subspecies in China, but little is known about their original distributions. In the present study, we investigated the seasonal biological and ecological characteristics of brown rats in their native range in Harbin, north-eastern China. Trapping campaigns were conducted in June and November 2006 at a farm site and a rice site, and seasonal variation was analysed. The sex ratio was male biased at the farm site and female biased at the rice site in both seasons. Although juvenile, sub-adult and young-adult rats comprised over 80% of the population in both seasons, the age composition displayed seasonal differences, with higher proportions of juvenile rats in the summer and sub-adults in the winter. There were no significant morphological differences between different sexes or seasons, or between sites. Heavy, female and pregnant rats were captured first and heavier male rats maintained relatively higher reproductive activities than lighter ones, reflecting the link between social dominance and feeding priority. Rats had heavier reproductive organs in summer than in winter. The relative masses of the spleen and adrenal glands also showed seasonal and gender differences. This study demonstrates that brown rats in their native region have similar seasonal biological and ecological characteristics to American and European populations. This information on brown rat in north-east China will contribute to the development of management strategies for controlling this agricultural pest.     

Effects of Natural Weathering on A Wood Fiber/HDPE Composite and Application of Additives

In this study,the durability of rubber wood(Hevea brasiliensis) which was thermally treated at 170,185,200,and 215℃for 3 h respectively was investigated.The results showed that the durability of heat-treated rubber wood was improved,and the improvement became more obvious with the increase of the treating temperature. When treated at 185℃or lower temperature,the decay resistance of treated wood had no significant improvement.The lowest weight losses were 21.6%and 6.8%after attack by brown rot fungi(Gloeophyllum trabeum) and white rot fungi (Coriolus versicolor) respectively,which were reached by the specimens treated at 215℃.Their resistance to mold fungi was not improved,but the heat-treated wood performed better than untreated wood when both were painted.In field test,the heat-treated specimens exhibited no advantage in termite resistance compared to untreated.     

自然老化对木粉/HDPE复合材性能的影响及添加剂的应用

研究木粉/高密度聚乙烯(WF/HDPE)复合材在不同朝向的自然老化条件下使用时颜色与表面化学成分的变化,并分析采用光稳定剂、抗氧剂和颜料作为防老化剂的效果.户外使用的木粉/HDPE复合材在夏天暴晒1个月颜色就会发生明显变化,南面和东面更加显著,红外分析表明:复合材料表面C=O增加、木材指数下降,有氧化现象发生.人工加速稳定老化检测结果表明:与抗氧剂和光稳定剂相比,颜料的使用对减小变色有明显作用,但颜料、抗氧剂和光老化剂3种助剂对延缓WF/HDPE复合材的抗弯性能下降没有起到明显作用.     

Seasonal changes in gene expression at the sapwood-heartwood transition zone of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) revealed by cDNA microarray analysis

Heartwood is a determining factor of wood quality and understanding the biology of heartwood may allow us to control its formation. Heartwood formation is a form of senescence that is accompanied by a variety of metabolic alterations in ray parenchyma cells at the sapwood-heartwood transition zone. Although senescence has been studied at the molecular level with respect to primary growth, the cell maturation and death events occurring during heartwood formation have been difficult to study because of their location and timing. Analysis of global gene expression patterns during the transition from sapwood to heartwood may offer a powerful means of identifying the mechanisms controlling heartwood formation. Previously, we developed cDNA microarrays carrying 2567 unigenes derived from the bark/cambium region, sapwood and transition zone of a mature black locust tree. Here, we describe the use of these microarrays to characterize seasonal changes in the expression patterns of 1873 genes from the transition zone of mature black locust trees. When samples collected in summer and fall were compared, 569 genes showed differential expression patterns: 293 genes were up-regulated (> twofold) in summer (July 5) and 276 genes were up-regulated in fall (November 27). More than 50% of the secondary and hormone metabolism-related genes on the microarrays were up-regulated in summer. Twenty-nine out of 55 genes involved in signal transduction were differentially regulated, suggesting that the ray parenchyma cells located in the innermost part of the trunk wood react to seasonal changes. We established the expression patterns of 349 novel genes (previously unknown or no-hit), of which 154 were up-regulated in summer and 195 were up-regulated in the fall.     

快速公交与城市交通的可持续发展

给出快速公交的规划原则和主干线的选取原则,包括它与轨道交通和常规公交的整合。根据哈尔滨的交通现状,分析哈尔滨建设快速公交的必要性和可行性。根据BRT的规划原则和路线选取原则及哈尔滨城市规划和发展,对哈尔滨快速公交专线进行初步的规划设计,并采用分步建设、逐步升级的策略实现哈尔滨快速公交系统化,以解决哈尔滨交通拥挤堵塞问题,使交通流更顺畅。