鲜食加工兼用型辣椒新品种博辣5号的选育

博辣5号是以LS20A为母本、J01-227为父本配制的一代杂交组合,属鲜食与加工兼用型优良品种。该品种辛辣型、晚熟,植株生长势强,始花节位14节,果实羊角形,果长20.6cm,果宽1.58cm,肉厚0.22cm,2～3心室,平均单果质量19.5g。果形顺直,果面光滑,青熟果为深绿色,生物学成熟果鲜红色,果实味辣,风味好,坐果率高,采收期长,一般667m2产鲜椒2400kg左右。抗炭疽病和疫病,耐病毒病和疮痂病,耐高温干旱,耐湿耐肥能力强,不易早衰,适于嗜辣地区作鲜食或酱制、剁制加工栽培。     

加工型辣椒新品种艳椒13号的选育

艳椒13号是以83-11-3为母本,以40-1为父本配制的一代杂交种。该品种味中辣,中晚熟,植株生长势强,始花节位13.6节,株高84.8cm、开展度88.6cm;果实线形,果长19.8cm、果宽1.52cm、果肉厚0.21cm,单果质量17.6g,青椒绿色,老熟果大红色,抗病性强,商品性好。适宜干制、酱制加工等,适应性强,丰产稳产,一般每667m2产量2000kg以上,适宜在重庆及类似区域种植。     

线椒新品种湘辣18号的选育

湘辣18号是以R1030A为母本,R06-118-1-1为父本配制而成的杂交一代早熟线椒品种,第一开花节位8节;植株直立性好,果实线形,浅绿色;顺直光亮,平均果长27 cm,平均果宽1.6 cm,肉厚0.1 cm,平均单果质量16 g;耐低温弱光能力强,抗疫病与细菌性斑点病能力好,适合早春大棚栽培或早中熟露地丰产栽培。     

CMS杂交辣椒新品种湘辣17号的选育

湘辣17号是以细胞核质互作不育系(CMS)03MA为母本、自交系R2413-192为父本配制而成的杂交一代;其果实细长、顺直,膨果速度快,果长22～24 cm,果宽约1.6 cm;果实硬度高,前后期一致性好,单果质量22 g左右,坐果性好,味辣;耐高温干旱、耐涝,抗白绢病、疫病、炭疽病、青枯病,耐病毒病,综合抗性强,耐储运,适宜作鲜椒上市或酱制加工。     

大果干制朝天椒“湘辣762”的选育

摘要：湘辣762是以702a不育系为母本,以自交系簇生朝天椒RC17-580为父本配制的杂交一代中熟品种。 果实小羊角形,单生朝天,果长9.8 cm、果宽1.6 cm、果肉厚0.12 cm,青果深绿色,熟果鲜红光亮,一致性 好,单果质量8.64 g;果实中维生素C含量1.509 g/kg,辣椒素含量2.167 g/kg,干物质含量27.56%,味香辣, 丰产性好,易干制、油分高、干物质含量高,适合作鲜椒、剁酱或干制加工;综合抗性和适应强,抗疫 病,中抗炭疽病及病毒病;耐寒性和耐旱性强。平均鲜椒667 m2 产量高达1 794.4 kg,干椒667 m2 产量高达 394.0 kg,鲜干比例为4.55。适合在贵州、河南及安徽等地区春夏季露地栽培。     

兼用型辣椒新品种艳椒132的选育

艳椒132是以113—2—2—1为母本，以40—1—1—1为父本配制的一代杂交种，属鲜食与加工兼用的优良品种。该品种半辛辣型，中熟种。植株生长势较强，果实长牛角形，青椒绿色，老熟果大红色，有光泽。果长19．2cm，果肩宽2．1cm，单果质量19．7g，单株挂果43．5个，一般红椒产量2000kg／667m^2。丰产性好、抗病性强、商品性好，适宜红椒酱制、剁制加工和青椒鲜食。     

丝瓜新品种兴蔬美佳的选育

兴蔬美佳是以长沙肉丝瓜与福州肉丝瓜的杂交后代纯合而成的高代自交系SF0148-7为母本,以泰国肉丝瓜的纯合后代S47为父本配制的极早熟丝瓜一代杂种。该品种生长势强,极早熟,第一雌花节位6～7节,主蔓结瓜为主,连续坐果能力强,耐肥水;果实圆筒形,绿色,束腰不明显,不易裂果,商品瓜纵径28cm左右,横径5.0cm左右,单瓜质量约400g,食味好,品质佳;每667m2产量4500kg左右;适于南方早春露地或大棚栽培及北方保护地栽培。     

长沙市蔬菜科学研究所长沙市蔬菜科技开发公司

正最新选育长辣十七号在长辣7号基础上新研制的长线椒品种。中熟,果形更长、更直、更艳,果长24~26cm,果粗1.5cm左右,红果鲜艳,辣味香浓,耐贮运,货架期长,商品性好。连续坐果性好,丰产、抗病性强,较耐湿热,适宜鲜食、加工制酱。适宜全国各地推广种植。长研201早熟绿皮尖椒品种,较耐低温,前期坐果集中,连续坐果能力强。果长21 cm左右,横径2.5cm左右,果肉厚约0.2cm,单     

加工型辣椒新品种艳椒417的选育

艳椒417是以739—1—1—1-1为母本，以534—2—1—1-1为父本配制的杂交一代加工型辣椒新组合。该组合为中熟种，植株生长势强，始花节位平均13．4节；果实为长尖椒形，果长16．8cm、果肩宽1．9cm、果肉厚0．20cm、单果重15．6g，果面光滑，味辛辣，有光泽；果实商品性好，适宜酱制加工，也可用做豆瓣酱的原辅料、盐渍等加工；该品种抗病性较强，结果期较长，一般鲜红椒产量2000kg／667m^2以上。     

湖南湘研种业有限公司

大果99一代杂种,早熟,丰产。始花节位第9~10节,青熟果浅绿色,粗牛角形,长14.8cm,宽5.8cm。单果重100g左右,坐果集中,果实粗大,生长速度快。适宜作早熟丰产栽培。湘辣4号辛辣型高产组合。中晚熟,生长势旺,挂果多,果实细长羊角形,果表少皱,果直,红熟果鲜红色,味辣,商品性好,果实长度为湘辣系列之冠。较耐湿、耐高温,抗病,丰产,宜鲜食、加工或干制。世纪星中熟、大果、丰产、微辣型一代杂种。始花节位第10~11节,青熟果绿色,粗牛角形,果表光亮,长16.9cm左右,宽5.7cm左右,单果重110g左右,果实粗大,肉厚,坐果集中,抗衰老能力强,后期果商品性好。在…     

Effects of radiation from 188Re on smooth muscle cell proliferation

AIM: Although endovascular radiotherapy inhibits neointimal hyperplasia, the exact alterations induced by β-particles irradiation remain to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the ability and the cellular mechanism of local β^-particles emission from ¹⁸⁸Re to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS: The SMCs in vitro were irradiated by ¹⁸⁸Re with single doses of 2.6 Gy-25.8 Gy. The effects of β-particles on SMCs, such as effective irradiate doses, the period of inhibition for SMCs proliferation, the changes of cell proliferation rate and DNA synthesis rate, cell cycle progression and related gene expression, were investigated by cell count, [³H]-TdR incorporation, cell cycle progression analysis, cell viability and immunocytochemistry, respectivecy. RESULTS: β-particles irradiation with dose of 5.2 Gy could inhibit significantly SMCs proliferation. At dose of 20.6 Gy DNA synthesis inhibitory rate was 92%, SMCs proliferation rate was only 3%. Renoval of ¹⁸⁸Re did not abolish the inhibitory effects of β-particles on SMCs proliferation. The expression of P53 was up regulation and PCNA was down regulation after irradiation. CONCLUSION: β-particles from ¹⁸⁸ Re was significantly effective and permanent in inhibiting SMCs proliferation, and inhibitory effect was in dose-dependet manner ED50was 5 Gy, the best dose to inhibit SMCs proliferation was 20 Gy. β-particles irradiation induced SMCs to occur G₀/G₁ arrest, damaged the ability of SMCs reproliferation and led to cell clonogenic death. P53 and PCNA had regulatiory effects on SMCs proliferation after β-particles irradiation.     

Effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin and expression of c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy

AIM:To study the effect of L-Arg on plasma content of endothelin (ET) and the expression of proto-oncogene c-fos mRNA in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy. METHODS: The level of c-fos mRNA were measured by in situ hybridization. The ET in plasma were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:After eight weeks of treatment with L-Arg, the expression of c-fos decreased markedly (P＜0.01). The ET content in plasma also decreased significantly by L-Arg(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Plasma ET content and the expression of c-fos in the left ventricle of rats with renovascular hypertensive hypertrophy could be decreased by L-Arg administration.     

Relationship between renal hypertension and cardiac α1-adrenoceptor autoantibodies in rats

AIM: To examine the autoantibody against α₁-adrenoceptor and its biologic activities during the development of renal hypertension. METHODS: Renal hypertension of rat was achieved by clipped renal artery, the titre of autoantibody to α₁-adrenoceptor was detected using ELISA immunoassay. Furthermore, the biological offects of these autoantibodies on cultured cardiomyocytes were also examined. RESULTS: After two weeks of clipping renal arteries, both the frequency of occurrence and the titre of autoantibodies to cardiac α₁-adrenergic receptor were significantly increased as compared with the control of pre-treatment. The increased autoantibodies lasted for several weeks and then automatically decreased gradually to the pre-clipping level at 12 weeks. The biological effects of these autoantibodies displayed an "agonistic-like" activities on the beating frequency of cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSION: Autoantibodies against α₁-adrenoceptor may play a role in the elevation of peripheral vascular resistance and in the development of cardiac hypertrophy in rats with renal hypertension.     

Compositional and Functional Properties of Saskatoon Berry and Blueberry

Abstract

Saskatoon berry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., Rosaceae) and blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Ericaceae) are substantially equivalent in all characteristics that are important to the consumer, including fruit color, shape, size, nutrition, texture, and uses. In addition, both fruits are native to North America and they have practically identical historical uses and known health benefits. Their composition, processing, nutritional value and metabolism, intended uses, and levels of undesirable substances are compared.     

Influence of Mineral Nutrients on Strawberry Fruit Quality and Their Accumulation in Plant Organs

Abstract

This review is based partly on complete articles and partly on abstracts. Three of the 60 articles deal with the total uptake of elements in strawberry plant organs in two different strawberry production systems, both considered as optimal concerning amount and balance of elements. The effect on fruit quality may be dramatic if the level of a particular element is outside this range, but there may also be effects initiated by differences within the optimal range of elements. Most articles refer to product oriented quality, but some focus on consumer oriented quality, as discussed by Shewfelt (1999). The discussion here is on a general basis, so one should keep in mind that there are cultivar differences and that specification of nutrition ideally should mirror the needs of a single cultivar, or a group of cultivars with similar requirements. Also, to get a complete understanding of the subject future reviews should embrace a broader access of information including the effect on plant development of individual elements, such as the role of calcium in fruit firmness and its importance in cell wall structure. However, the intention here is to narrow the information to results that suggest a direct connection between nutrient uptake and fruit quality.     

Cryopreservation of shoot apices of hawthorn in vitro cultures originating from East Asia

The objective of this study was to establish a cryopreservation protocol for hawthorn shoot apices (Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.). Cryopreservation was carried out via encapsulation–dehydration, vitrification, and encapsulation–vitrification on shoot apices excised from in vitro cultures. We began by showing that cold-acclimation enhanced the regrowth of cryopreserved apices from 10.0 to 65.5% in encapsulation–dehydration. We then decided that the encapsulation–dehydration method was an optimal cryopreservation method for hawthorn shoot apices in terms of its high recovery after cryopreservation as well as its ease of use compared with vitrification and encapsulation–vitrification. In encapsulation–dehydration, the protocol leading to optimal regrowth was as follows: after cold-acclimation at 5 °C in the dark for 2 weeks, excised shoot tips were pretreated for 24 h at 25 °C on hormone-free Murashige and Skoog [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497] (MS) basal medium with 0.4 mol/L sucrose, then encapsulated and precultured in liquid MS medium with 0.8 mol/L sucrose for 16 h at 25 °C. Precultured beads were dehydrated for 6 h at 25 °C in the dessicator containing 50 g silica gel to a moisture content of 15.3% (fresh-weight basis) before cryostorage for 1 h. In addition, we examined the effect of adding glycerol to both the alginate beads and loading solution to enhance regrowth after cryopreservation in encapsulation–dehydration. In the present study, it was shown that adding 0.5 mol/L glycerol resulted in high regrowth percentages (82.5–90.0%) in four Crataegus species.     

多效唑对猕猴桃离体试管苗生长及内源激素的影响

多效唑（ＰＰ３３３）处理猕猴桃试管苗，降低了其生长强度；植株体内的ＧＡ３、ＩＡＡ和ＺＴ含量下降，ＡＢＡ的含量上升，乙烯释放率增加；并且能降低外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ促进生长的作用，而外源的ＧＡ３和ＩＡＡ又能不同程度地逆转多效唑的抑制作用，使植株恢复生长。     

Proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin

AIM: To investigate and screen the sensitive proteins in the formation mechanism of pathological scars by comparing the results of differential proteomic analysis between pathological scars and normal skin.METHODS: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to detect the protein expression profiles in 8 keloid patients, 8 hypertrophic scar patients and 3 matched normal skin patients.The proteins that showed differential expression of over 4-fold change were cut and analyzed by MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry.RESULTS: A two-dimensional protein profiling comparison between pathological scars and normal skin was successfully established.On average, 2 978 spots in keloid, 2 975 spots in hypertrophic scar and 3 053 spots in normal skin were identified using gel analysis software.Compared with normal skin, there were totally 36 differentially-expressed proteins in keloid and hypertrophic scar identified from the spots of over 4-fold change, including 16 proteins in both keloid and hypertrophic scar (8 up-regulated and 8 down-regulated), 11 only in keloid (9 up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) and 9 only in hypertrophic scar (4 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated).CONCLUSION: Proteomic analysis can identify the proteins with variance of pathological scars versus normal skin, thus providing probable new clues to reveal the formation mechanism of pathological scars.     

Mixed-severity fire regime in a high-elevation forest of Grand Canyon,Arizona, USA

Fire regime characteristics of high-elevation forests on the North Rim of the Grand Canyon, Arizona, were reconstructed from fire scar analysis, remote sensing, tree age, and forest structure measurements, a first attempt at detailed reconstruction of the transition from surface to stand-replacing fire patterns in the Southwest. Tree densities and fire-/non-fire-initiated groups were highly mixed over the landscape, so distinct fire-created stands could not be delineated from satellite imagery or the oldest available aerial photos. Surface fires were common from 1700 to 1879 in the 4,400 ha site, especially on S and W aspects. Fire dates frequently coincided with fire dates measured at study sites at lower elevation, suggesting that pre-1880 fire sizes may have been very large. Large fires, those scarring 25% or more of the sample trees, were relatively infrequent, averaging 31 years between burns. Four of the five major regional fire years occurred in the 1700s, followed by a 94-year gap until 1879. Fires typically occurred in significantly dry years (Palmer Drought Stress Index), with severe drought in major regional fire years. Currently the forest is predominantly spruce-fir, mixed conifer, and aspen. In contrast, dendroecological reconstruction of past forest structure showed that the forest in 1880 was very open, corresponding closely with historical (1910) accounts of severe fires leaving partially denuded landscapes. Age structure and species composition were used to classify sampling points into fire-initiated and non-fire-initiated groups. Tree groups on nearly 60% of the plots were fire-initiated; the oldest such groups appeared to have originated after severe fires in 1782 or 1785. In 1880, all fire-initiated groups were less than 100 years old and nearly 25% of the groups were less than 20 years old. Non-fire-initiated groups were significantly older (oldest 262 years in 1880), dominated by ponderosa pine, Douglas-fir, or white fir, and occurred preferentially on S and W slopes. The mixed-severity fire regime, transitioning from lower-elevation surface fires to mixed surface and stand-replacing fire at higher elevations, appeared not to have been stable over the temporal and spatial scales of this study. Information about historical fire regime and forest structure is valuable for managers but the information is probably less specific and stable for high-elevation forests than for low-elevation ponderosa pine forests.This revised version was published online in May 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Metallothionein inhibits homocysteine-induced proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells

AIM:To investigate the effect of metallothionein(MT) on proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by homocysteine and its mechanism. METHODS:VSMCs proliferation was measured by [³-H]-TdR incorporation, mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)activity were determined by immunoprecipitation method, the intracellular contents of MT and malondialdehyde (MDA)were assayed by -hemoglobin saturation method and TBA reaction, respectively, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was measured by NADH oxidation. RESULTS:Hcy(10^-6-10^-4 mmol/L) stimulated [³-H]-TdR incorporation by the VSMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Compared with control, [³-H]-TdR incorporation in VSMCs treated with 0.1 mmol/L Hcy was increased by 4.2 fold (P＜0.01). Meanwhile, Hcy enhanced MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of VSMCs with MT alone did not change above parameters, compared with control. However, MT (10^-6-10^-4 mol/L)attenuated significantly Hcy-stimulated proliferation of VSMCs (P＜0.01)in a concentration-dependent manner. And MT inhibited obviously Hcy-induced activation of MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH release. Preincubation of VSMCs with 0.5 mmol/L ZnCl₂ for 6 h induced an increase cellular MT content by 5.7-fold (P＜0.01). The MT-overexpressed VSMCs resisted Hcy-stimulating action on MAPK activity, MDA formation and LDH leakage (P＜0.01). CONCLUSION:These results show that MT has an inhibitory effect on Hcy-induced VSMCs proliferation, and that MT could inhibit Hcy-stimulated MAPK activity and lipid peroxidation.