3个香菇品种菌丝生长比较试验

试验通过香菇菌丝在PDA培养基上的平均生长速度比较了三个香菇品种香菇Ⅰ、香菇Ⅱ、香菇Ⅲ的菌丝体的生长趋势,了解香菇菌丝的生长情况。香菇Ⅱ菌丝体平均生长速度最快且菌丝长势最好,香菇Ⅰ和香菇Ⅲ菌丝体平均生长速度几乎接近平稳;香菇Ⅱ各菌株生长速度差异最小,香菇Ⅲ菌丝体的差异最大。因此,香菇Ⅱ将会是后续试验菌种选择。     

香菇健康产品的开发研究现状(综述)

综述目前我国香菇的相关食品、饮料、调味品、保健品及药品的开发现状。新型香菇饮料有香菇醋、香菇复合饮料、香菇酒,香菇调味品有香菇精、烟用香料,香菇保健品有香菇口服液,香菇药品有香菇提取物口服液、香菇菌多糖片、香菇多糖口腔膜剂、香菇多糖注射液、香菇多糖冻干粉针剂、香菇多糖胶囊、香菇多糖脂质体。     

香菇数量性状、遗传多样性和品种鉴定研究进展

香菇是世界著名食药用真菌之一,我国目前香菇产量达世界总产的80%左右。香菇产业的蓬勃发展,与香菇的遗传育种研究密不可分。现综述了香菇遗传育种研究中涉及到的香菇数量性状、遗传多样性及品种鉴定等内容。     

香菇冷棚半熟料地栽技术规程

辽宁省东部山区是我国香菇生产的主产区之一,香菇产品在国内外享有很高的声誉。为了给香菇生产者提供科学的标准化生产依据,提高产品的产量、质量及国内外市场的竞争能力,根据当地香菇的主要生产模式,编写了"香菇冷棚半熟料地栽技术规程"。该规程规定了香菇生产的产地环境、栽培原料、栽培技术、采收标准与病虫害防治等要求,同时适用于辽宁省东部山区香菇冷棚半熟料地栽生产。     

香菇功能食品研发概况

香菇营养丰富,含有香菇多糖、香菇嘌呤、维生素等诸多有效成分,具有抗癌、提高免疫力、抗衰老等作用,可被加工成各类营养美味的食品;但目前缺少较为系统的采用香菇不同部位制作系列食品的研究概述。因此本文对香菇的营养成分及功能、相关食品加工等进行了概述,并通过分析香菇开发中的常见问题,对香菇食品的开发进行了展望,为香菇产业的可持续发展提供参考。     

菌草香菇与木屑香菇品质的比较分析

分析了菌草香菇和木屑香菇中蛋白质、氨基酸、水溶性香菇多糖、重金属以及甲醛含量。结果表明，菌草香菇的营养成分接近于、有的甚至略高于木屑香菇，是一种营养价值较高的食用菌。     

基于比较分析法的香菇栽培成本分析与控制

为了控制香菇栽培成本,在对香菇栽培成本进行分析的基础上,采用了比较分析的方法,对香菇栽培的原材料成本、人工成本、能源成本、固定资产折旧费和土地租赁成本等进行了综合比较分析,并提出香菇栽培的总成本与栽培方式也有密切关系。香菇栽培成本的控制,要从技术手段和科学管控两方面入手综合考虑。研究结果对我国香菇栽培和产业发展具有一定的指导意义。     

浅议栽培设施建设在北方香菇生产中重要作用

从香菇生长的生物学特性、北方地区的气候特点、香菇市场价格变化规律等方面进行了综合分析，论述了设施建设在香菇生产中的重要地位，并提出了栽培设施的具体建设要求，对北方地区香菇生产有一定指导意义。     

四种香菇品种的栽培模式优化

以4种香菇菌种(‘808’‘939’‘9608’‘168’)为试材,采用层架、立架、覆土3种栽培模式,研究了不同栽培模式对香菇生产质量的影响,以期筛选出适宜华中地区栽培生产的香菇菌种,为香菇大面积推广种植提供依据,以促进香菇产业发展。结果表明:香菇品种‘168’采用覆土式培养,所得香菇产量与品质最佳,香菇总产量较其它品种和栽培方法提高17.2%~39.7%,是目前最适于华中地区栽培的香菇品种与方法。     

反季节香菇栽培技术探究

香菇因其具有高蛋白、低脂肪、多糖、多种氨基酸和多种维生素而倍受广大消费者的青睐。为了适应市场的需求,增加种植户的效益,采用反季节香菇栽培技术可以提高香菇的需求量。本文分析了目前香菇生产中存在的问题,对香菇反季节栽种技术进行探究与推广,以使香菇这种秋冬应季蔬菜成为夏季餐桌上的一道美味佳肴。     

分子生物学在大型真菌遗传多样性研究中的应用

大型真菌有着重大的食用、药用价值以及生态学价值。对其进行遗传多样性研究,是进行资源可持续利用和保护生物学研究的基础。虽然有多种方法可进行大型真菌的遗传多样性研究,但最直接和常用的方法是分子生物学方法。通过对大型真菌遗传多样性研究中常用的分子生物学方法进行综合分析,比较了各种方法的适用范围和优点、缺点,以期对这方面的研究有所启发和帮助。     

Comparison of in vivo anti-fibrotic effects of pirfenidone and nintedanib in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis model

AIM: To compare the effects of pirfenidone and nintedanib on bleomycin-induced mice pulmonary fibrosis model in different periods. METHODS: Five mice models were established according to the schedule of drug administration:a inflammatory phase model and 4 fibrotic phase models including the early prevention study group, early therapy study group, late therapy study group and full-course therapy study group. The indicators of lung inflammatory and lung fibrosis were detected respectively. RESULTS: (1) The level of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant indicators:both pirfenidone and nintedanib reduced the number of inflammatory cells and inhibited the secretion of inflammatory factors. Pirfenidone had a better effect on inhibition of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-4 (P < 0.01), while nintedanib had a better effect on inhibition of IL-6 and IFN-γ (P < 0.05). Pirfenidone significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (P < 0.01), and nintedanib significantly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels (P < 0.01). (2) Collagen content in lung tissue:the inhibitory effect of nintedanib on hydroxyproline content in mouse lung was better than that of pirfenidone in the early therapy study group, late therapy study group and full-course therapy study group of the fibrotic phase models (P < 0.05). Pirfenidone had a better inhibitory effect on hydroxyproline content than nintedanib in the early prevention study group (P < 0.01). (3) Pathological evaluation of lung tissue:both pirfenidone and nintedanib reduced the inflammatory infiltration and fibrotic area of the lung tissues. The inhibition trend was consistent with that of collagen content. CONCLUSION: Both pirfenidone and nintedanib have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-fibrosis effects in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Pirfenidone is more effective in the early prevention study group, and nintedanib has a better effect in early therapy study group, late therapy study group and full-course therapy study group.     

旅游对生态旅游地环境干扰的研究与分析

随着生态旅游的开展和规模的扩大,环境保护已成为当今生态旅游地维持可持续发展面临的严峻挑战,旅游对环境的干扰已成为当今的研究热点之一。在分析近年来国内旅游干扰文献的基础上,对旅游的干扰形式、表现现象及研究趋向进行了探讨,以期为生态旅游地可持续发展提供理论基础和现实指导。     

ABC of green infrastructure analysis and planning: The basic ideas and methodological guidance based on landscape ecological principle

Green infrastructure (GI) is a pivotal multifunctional approach for urban green spaces fragmentation problem. The green space fragmentation issue has increasingly caught worldwide researchers’ critical attention. However, researchers face challenges in understanding GI analysis and planning. Only limited research exists on GI analysis and planning case studies. Therefore, this study reviewed case studies on GI analysis and planning. The finding simplifies GI analysis and planning case studies methodology and critical points to get more worldwide researchers’ attention. The study applied a systematic literature review (SLR) on 34 qualified studies to determine the trends and similarities of GI case studies. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA 2009) was adopted for the study. The review found a sequential methodological pattern in GI analysis and planning study. The review themes were trend analysis, basic study information, study nature, geographic information system (GIS) software and plugin, remote sensing processing and data needed, and analysis and output. Thus, the study provides a basic methodology and framework for developing GI analysis and planning based on the landscape ecology principle.     

我国葛种质资源的研究与利用

综述了我国葛种质资源研究与利用的现状,介绍了我国葛种质资源的种类与分布、原植物的调查、品种选育及资源的评价与利用情况,并针对我国葛资源开发利用存在的问题,对今后葛的研究与利用提出几点建议。     

吉林省野生果树菌根的初步调查

对吉林省野生果树菌根进行结构植物学研究。结果表明:所调查的果树中都普遍存在VA菌根,VA菌根在形态上各不相同,皆存在于根的初生结构中;在山梨和山葡萄根中有晶体存在,且形状易区分。该研究为了解吉林省内的菌根资源提供参考,并为基础研究积累资料。     

中国盐碱土壤修复研究综述

综述了中国土壤盐碱化的严峻现实,分析了土壤盐碱化的成因,并归纳了中国土壤盐碱化的类型.回顾了近年来中国盐碱土壤修复的历程和研究成果,归纳了盐碱土壤修复的方法且评述了其各自特性,分析了各自修复方法的优点和缺点,肯定了成绩,指出了不足.最后,对盐碱土壤的修复指明了正确方向,并提出了较高的期望.     

松茸的地理分布与生态研究

松茸的地理分布与生态研究是人工栽培和人工促繁的基础工作,对资源的保护性开发利用具有重要的意义.介绍了松茸的名称与分类位置及其四大价值.阐述了松茸在世界和我国的地理分布;探讨了松茸的根际生态作用;分析了不同地理环境下不同种类松茸生长的独特生态条件.在此基础上提出将横断山区松茸生态研究作为今后的重点.     

从28届国际园艺学大会看果蔬园艺产品营养学研究现状

 有关果蔬等园艺产品的营养与生物活性物质的研究是近年园艺学研究的热点问题之一。主要根据28届国际园艺学大会论文摘要,对当前国内外有关水果、蔬菜的营养和生物活性物质的研究情况进行全面系统的总结,当前果蔬园艺产品营养学的研究包括栽培品种与野生资源,主要研究内容涉及果蔬中营养和生物活性物质的含量、分布、影响因子及其调控措施以及对人体的功效等;对有关的技术方法和存在的问题也进行了介绍,旨在为今后研究提供参考。     

Green infrastructure practices for improvement of urban air quality

Green Infrastructure (GI) practices have shown to be promising in mitigating the air pollution in urban areas of several cities across the world. GI practices such as trees, green roofs and green walls are widely used in United States and Europe to mitigate the air pollution. However, there is yet limited knowledge available in identifying the most suitable GI strategy for an urban area in improving the air quality. Furthermore, it is evident that Australia is still lagging behind in adapting GI to mitigate air pollution, compared with US and Europe. Therefore, this study analyzed the air quality improvement through several GI scenarios consisting of trees, green roofs and green walls considering a case study area in Melbourne, Australia by using the i-Tree Eco software. The results were compared with case studies in different cities across the world. The results showed that the i-Tree Eco software can be successfully applied to an Australian case study area to quantify the air quality improvement benefits of GI. The results were further assessed with several environmental, economic and social indicators to identify the most suitable GI scenarios for the study area. These indicators were quantified using different methods, to assess the effectiveness of different GI scenarios. The results showed that, trees provided the highest air pollution removal capability among the different GI considered for the study area. Combination of different GI such as green roofs and green walls with trees did not provide a significant increment of air quality improvement however, has provided more local benefits such as building energy savings. The results obtained from this study were also beneficial in developing policies related to future GI applications in major cities of Australia for the air quality improvement.