猪带绦虫病和囊虫病防治研究实践

猪带绦虫病与囊虫病在世界各地均有分布。在我国,猪一旦发生猪带绦虫与囊虫病会造成养猪业的巨大损失,甚至对人体健康造成威胁。因此,应采用灵敏、独特的防治手段,加强对猪带绦虫病与囊虫病的控制。本文对防治猪带绦虫病与囊虫病的相关问题进行分析。     

猪绦虫病的防治

猪绦虫病是由猪带绦虫成虫寄生在人体小肠所引起的一种肠绦虫病。猪带绦虫也称猪肉绦虫、链状带绦虫或有钩绦虫。我国古代医书称寸白虫或白虫,并已明白吃生肉是得绦虫病的原因。它是我国主要人体寄生绦虫。人在猪带绦虫生活史中既是终末宿主也是中间宿主。猪带绦虫成虫寄生在人体肠道为肠猪带绦虫病,其幼虫寄生在人皮下组织、肌肉、脑等器官内侧为猪囊尾蚴病(囊虫病)。囊虫病是人体重要的寄生虫病之一。     

千阳县猪囊虫病情况浅析

猪囊虫病,又称猪囊尾蚴.是寄生在人体内的猪带绦虫(Taenia Soelam)的幼虫——猪囊尾蚴(Gstlercuscelewtsae).猪和野猪是最主要的中间宿主,人则是猪带绦虫(Taenia Sotiam)的终末宿主.猪感染猪囊虫往往是由于猪吃了混有猪带绦虫孕节卵的人粪便而感染发病.因此,不但对养猪业危害极大,既危害人类健康也影响共公卫生.成为肉品卫生检验中的重大任务.笔者从事猪肉检验数十年,发现猪囊虫病肉在被检出的病肉中据首位.     

我县猪囊虫病情况浅析

猪囊虫病,又称猪囊尾蚴病,囊尾蚴是寄生在人体内的猪带绦虫的幼虫.猪和野猪是最主要的中间宿主,人则是猪带绦虫的终末宿主.猪感染猪囊虫往往是由于猪吃了混有猪带绦虫孕节卵的人粪便而感染发病.对养猪业危害极大,既危害人类健康也影响共公卫生.成为肉品卫生检验中的重要任务.笔者从事我县猪肉检验数十年,猪囊虫病肉在被检出的病肉中占据首位.不但影响了人民的食肉安全,而且使养猪户受到较大的经济损失.     

怎样防制消灭猪囊虫病

猪囊虫病是由猪带绦虫的幼虫(猪囊尾蚴或猪囊虫)侵袭猪和人体各部肌肉组织和脑内所引起的疾病。所以猪囊虫是一种人畜共患的寄生虫病。猪带绦虫病是猪带绦虫的成虫寄生在人体小肠里所引起的疾病。人是猪带绦虫的唯一终末宿主,同时又是它的中间宿主。猪带绦虫病患者是猪囊虫病的传染源。由于猪带绦虫病和猪囊虫病在人畜中间循环感染,不仅给养猪业带来巨大的经济损失,更重要的是给公     

猪囊虫病免疫诊断技术的研究进展

猪囊虫病是一种重要的人畜共患寄生虫病，尤其是对人的危害更大，该病呈世界性分布，以发展中国家为多，人主要是食入带有猪囊尾蚴的不熟的猪肉成为猪带绦虫患者，通过自身体内，自身体外或经口食入虫卵污染的食物和水三种感染方式成为猪囊虫病患者。而猪的感染则是食入患猪带绦虫病人粪便污染的饲料、牧草和饮水，在流行地区．该病在猪和人之间形成循环链。据不完全统计，在我国有15个省、市和自治区有囊虫病流行，成虫感染的患者中，平均14．9％（2．3～25％）有囊虫寄生，而且在某些地区感染较高，对人群构成严重的危害[1，3]。目前很多…     

猪囊虫病及其防治

猪囊虫也称猪囊尾蚴(Cyticercus cellu-losae),是寄生在人体的猪带绦虫(Taenia soli-um)的幼虫。猪与野猪是主要的中间宿主,犬、驼、猫或人也可做为中间宿主,而人是猪带绦虫的终末宿主。 一、本病的流行情况及其危害 本病为人畜共患病,对人的健康危害严重。当前本病分布于世界各地,尤以欧、亚、非和中南美洲流行较广。本病在我国东北、西北、山东、山西、河南、河北、安徽、苏北及福建均有发生。据刘德惠报导,某省农村猪囊虫病普遍存在,对     

猪囊虫病实验动物模型的建立

猪带绦虫孕节经酸性胃蛋白酶 ３７℃消化后，离心收集虫卵，加入含胰蛋白酶、 Ｎａ Ｈ Ｃ Ｏ３ 及猪胆汁的孵化液，置 ３７℃孵化，孵化率在 ７５％ 以上。孵化后的六钩蚴经尾静脉感染昆明小鼠，９ 周后剖检，在小鼠的心脏及肺脏见有猪囊虫，感染率为 １００％ 。压片镜检，确认检出的猪囊虫发育成熟，形态结构完整；胆汁孵化试验，见其头节自动外翻。用 Ｅ Ｌ Ｉ Ｓ Ａ 方法在小鼠血清中检测到囊虫 Ｃ Ａ 抗原和抗体。试验表明，经尾静脉感染昆明小鼠的六钩蚴，可发育成成熟的猪囊虫，从而为猪囊虫病的研究提供了一种制作简便、经济的实验动物模型。     

猪囊虫罕见寄生病例

猪囊虫是人体的猪带绦虫(有钩绦虫)的幼虫,猪吃了有钩绦虫病人的粪卵所污染的饮水或食物而被感染,人吃了未煮熟的猪囊虫病猪肉而患有钩绦虫病,彼此相互传染.     

消灭猪囊虫,利民又利国

猪囊虫引起的疾病,叫猪囊虫病,又叫猪囊尾蚴病。是由有钩带绦虫的幼虫寄生于人或猪等动物体内而引起的严重危害人、畜健康的一种人畜共患病。有囊虫寄生的猪肉称为＂米猪肉＂、＂豆猪肉＂或＂米糁子猪＂,它是由于猪吃了猪肉绦虫病人的粪便内孕节或虫卵,     

转基因疾病动物模型的研究进展

人类疾病动物模型(animalmodelsofhumandiseases)是为阐明人类疾病的发生机制或建立治疗方法而制作的、具有人类疾病模拟表现的实验动物。疾病动物模型对医学发展做出了很大贡献。但是,许多疾病难以用人工诱发的方法制造动物模型,或许多疾病在实验动物身上不发生或仅仅是高等哺乳类动物才发生,因此难以通过自发或人工定向培育的方法获得动物模型。转基因技术的出现,为人类精确地研究基因与疾病的相关关系提供了可能,而且可以在个体发生的每个阶段中使用任何个体进行遗传功能的分析。因此,转基因疾病动物模型的开发成为转基因动物的热点。文章就转基因疾病动物模型的建立制作及应用前景做一综述。     

Human and porcine Taenia solium infections in Mozambique: identifying research priorities

The objective of this paper is to critically review and summarize available scientific and lay literature, and ongoing studies on human and porcine cysticercosis in Mozambique to identify knowledge gaps and direct immediate and long-term research efforts. Data on the spatial distribution and prevalence of the disease in human and swine populations are scarce and fragmented. Human serological studies have shown that 15-21% of apparently healthy adults were positive for cysticercosis antibodies or antigen, while in neuropsychiatric patients seroprevalence was as high as 51%. Slaughterhouse records indicate a countrywide occurrence of porcine cysticercosis, while studies have shown that 10-35% of pigs tested were seropositive for cysticercosis antibodies or antigen. Current research in Mozambique includes studies on the epidemiology, molecular biology, diagnosis and control of the disease. Future research efforts should be directed at better understanding the epidemiology of the disease in Mozambique, particularly risk factors for its occurrence and spread in human and swine populations, documenting the socio-economic impact of the disease, identifying critical control points and evaluating the feasibility and epidemiological impact of control measures and development of local level diagnostic tools for use in humans and swine.     

Animal welfare and the Australian veterinarian

SUMMARY This paper discusses the moral and philosophical arguments related to animal welfare. The veterinary profession in Australia has, to date, addressed this matter on a superficial and unsatisfactory level. In my view, the Australian Veterinary Association has not yet considered sound philosophical and moral positions in any area of animal welfare. This paper provides some examples of arguments concerning animal rights. It is suggested that the veterinary profession in Australia needs to take heed of these arguments and to develop a philosophy of its own. The profession is not seen to be having sufficient influence on the development of community standards in animal welfare. For example, public statements on the stray cat and dog problem concern the nuisance to human society and little is said of the welfare or rights of the animals themselves. The Australian Veterinary Association has not looked thoroughly at problems of animal welfare in the livestock industries, where the need for attention is urgent. Few veterinarians in Australia have the knowledge and experience to tackle problems in the area of animal experimentation. These include questions of laboratory animal production and disease, as well as those of a moral and philosophical nature. A discussion of ethical problems in studies on animal behaviour points to the lack of experience el veterinarians in this area. Possible mechanisms for statutory control of animal experimentation are explored. Antivivisectionist ideas and the significance of their political influence are outlined.     

The pathogenesis and pathology of bovine tuberculosis with insights from studies of tuberculosis in humans and laboratory animal models

This paper reviews key insights the discipline of pathology has contributed to our understanding of bovine tuberculosis in the context of findings of studies of tuberculosis in humans and laboratory animal models. Analysis and extrapolation of data from other species have the potential to expand our understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease in cattle. The distribution of lesions in affected cattle, humans and laboratory animals illustrate the primacy of the respiratory tract as portal of infection and raise questions about the role of the upper respiratory tract surface, tonsil and dorsal lung regions in disease pathogenesis and transmission. The mechanisms behind significant pathological processes such as necrosis, apoptosis and liquefaction, occurring within lesions, are explored and their potential practical significance assessed in the context of herd disease dynamics and vaccine development. It is proposed that effective 'innate' host defences result in many animals and humans remaining disease-free and tuberculin test negative following exposure to infection. Furthermore, the concepts of latency and disease reactivation, considered significant factors in perpetuating tuberculosis in human populations, are explored in the context of the bovine disease.     

我国西南岩溶地区发展畜牧业的战略设想

我国西南岩溶地区草地资源丰富 ,有适宜发展饲用植物的生物气候资源 ,有一定的家畜基础和技术储备 ,有社会发展的需求 ,因此有建成畜牧产业带的基础。现阶段虽然起点低 ,但潜力巨大 ,可以发展以林业为主的水土保持畜牧业、农耕地区的畜牧业、景观农业中的畜牧业、城郊畜牧业和山地畜牧业。畜牧业产业化应遵守 5项原则 ,并具备 8个方面的特色 ,可以考虑建立 1个产业中心群 ,2个产业带的设想。最后提出国家设立专项畜牧产业带的发展基金、组建省际协调组织、大力发展每个畜牧产业带的龙头企业和企业集团、建立完善的投资管理系统和技术支持系统等 5条具体建议     

Experimental infection model for Taenia solium cysticercosis in swine. Cysticercosis Working Group in Peru

A novel method for infecting pigs with Taenia solium using an intramuscular innoculum of oncospheres was investigated in a series of five experiments in 18 animals. The model is simple to perform, requires a minimal number of oncospheres, permits multiple infections per animal, and decreases the variation inherent in oral infection models. This intramuscular oncosphere assay (IMOA) may provide a valuable tool to evaluate therapeutic agents or potential vaccines for cysticercosis.     

Animal models for human metapneumovirus (HMPV) infections

Since its detection in 2001 the human Metapneumovirus (HMPV), a member of the Paramyxoviridae family, was observed to be a serious pathogen in human respiratory infections during childhood. Meanwhile, several animal models have been established to study the virus-host interactions and pathogenic effects. Mainly, small laboratory animals like mice and cotton rats have been used, although the usage of these two species for HMPV research is controversially discussed and contradictious results were obtained by different groups. Further trials with ferrets, hamsters and non human primates were performed revealing different success in their individual usage. In this review we present the different animal models, summarize their advantages and disadvantages, and discuss the controversial results from different studies.     

河西地区山地草原生态现状及保护对策

本研究阐述了河西走廊山地草原在国家生态中的地位,分析了当前面临的自然生态系统变化、草畜供求失衡、草原退化、草地使用权、经济发展与草地资源保护中的矛盾等现状问题,提出了河西走廊山地草原可持续发展中关于制订全面长远的草原生态保护建设规划、健全草原生产生活投入保障体系、划定基本草原、完善草原承包责任制度、创建河西走廊草原生态安全屏障综合试验区、调整优化畜牧业结构、转变畜牧业经营方式、加大依法治草宣传力度,提高全民草原生态保护意识的对策建议。     

Optic neuritis in dogs and cats.

The term "optic neuritis" compromises all diseases of the optic nerve that cause primary demyelination and usually manifest themselves as a sudden visual field defect or total loss of vision in one or both eyes. As in man, the cause of optic neuritis is often difficult to determine in the living animal. Neurologic examination, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and laboratory tests can be normal. Optic neuritis affects dogs far more frequently than other animal species. This article examines the causes of immune-mediated optic neuritis and etiologic differentials in dogs and cats, with comparisons to human beings and laboratory animal models.