共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 617 毫秒
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树木年轮与气候变化关系研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
综述树木年轮分析在温度、降水序列和大气CO2浓度变化研究中的应用概况,着重探讨气候变化对树轮宽度、密度和稳定同位素组成的影响,如温度、降水对树木生长的"滞后效应"、"幼龄效应",并就树轮年代学在气候变化研究中存在的问题和研究前景作简要探讨,提出今后年轮气候学的研究应结合中、小时间尺度的树木生理生态学特性进行,需阐明树木和环境各因子之间的相互作用机理及量化关系,应加强各类代用资料与仪器观测记录结果的对比分析,并加强对年轮气候模型的验证,研究方法应由经验性分析转向机理性研究,并注重多学科知识的综合运用. 相似文献
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影响树木蒸腾耗水的外部因子研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
国内外研究表明,影响树木蒸腾耗水的外部因子主要由2部分构成:一是土壤因子,二是气象因子,包括光照、温度及空气相对湿度等。分析得出这两类因子影响树木耗水的一般规律为:(1)在土壤水分超过树木日需求量平均值过多时,叶片气孔在数小时内迅速关闭,导致树木蒸腾耗水量曲线呈下降趋势;在土壤水分低于树木日需求量平均值过多时,树木的生长受到限制,叶片水势下降,导致蒸腾耗水也相应下降。(2)在一定范围内,树木蒸腾耗水量会随着光照强度、大气温度的增加而增大,随着空气相对湿度的增加而减少。同时,这些因子间的互相作用也影响着树木的耗水。 相似文献
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《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2016,(8)
林木生物量受多重因素的综合影响,同一树种在不同区域内水热因子的变化也可能会影响树木各器官生物量的分配关系。选择南方150棵马尾松为研究对象,采集样木所在的空间位置(经度、纬度)、年均温度、年均降水、胸径、树高等相关因子,测定树干、树皮、树枝、树叶、树根各器官生物量。运用方差分析、通径分析等方法,分析北亚热带、中亚热带、南亚热带内马尾松各器官生物量与影响因素的关系,利用变异系数探讨了不同气候带马尾松生物量对水热变化敏感程度的器官差异和区域差异。研究结果表明:(1)马尾松各器官生物量对温度升高的敏感程度表现为根最高,叶最低,按大小顺序为根枝皮干叶;各器官生物量对降水增加的敏感程度表现为皮最高,干最低,按大小顺序为皮枝叶根干。(2)马尾松生物量对温度和降水变化的敏感程度的区域差异明显,空间上呈现出北亚热带中亚热带南亚热带,从北往南敏感程度逐渐减小。(3)胸径和树高因子均与各器官生物量存在显著相关关系(P0.05)。胸径对各器官生物量的直接通径系数接近于1(P0.001),树高通过胸径影响生物量的间接通径系数接近于1。 相似文献
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At present, the most researches on the protected effect of shelterbelt are on the basis of the two scales of forest belts and networks. However, with the further research on the global environmental change, more attention was paid to the regional climate effect of shelterbelt. In present study, we analyzed the temperature effect of the shelterbelt at regional scale by using the land surface temperature (LST) data from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) at Yushu, Nong’an, Dehui, and Fuyu in Jilin Province of China from March to October in 2008. Results show that the shelterbelt can increase the soil temperature of the protected farmland as compared with no shelterbelt zone, with the increment of 0.57oC per day in fine shelterbelt and 0.38oC per day in the normal shelterbelt. Moreover, the correlation analysis of the air temperature, precipitation and the soil type and the shelterbelt effect shows that the air temperature and precipitation are negatively correlated with the shelterbelt effects, that is, the more the temperature and precipitation are, the less the effect produced. While the impact of the soil types on the shelterbelt’s effect is not very obvious as a whole. This paper draws significance in terms of analyzing the effects of the shelterbelt on the soil temperature at regional scale utilizing the remotely sensed data and GIS technique. 相似文献
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根据元江和勐腊两地区1957—2018年的气候数据资料,采用线性趋势估计、累积距平法、Mann-Kendall突变检验法和小波分析法等方法,分析这两个区域气候和干、湿季变化趋势,探讨元江和勐腊地区气候因子的突变情况及变化周期。结果表明:(1)1957—2018年以来,干热河谷元江地区和热带雨林勐腊地区气温变化与西南地区气温变化存在显著差异;(2)两地区年均温、日照、降水量均呈显著上升趋势,相对湿度相对下降,两区域间气候变化与全球变暖趋势相对一致。干热河谷地区干湿季变化中气温变化趋势强于雨林地区,降水变化趋势低于雨林地区;(3)两地区气温突变时间为2007、1985年,降水出现多次变化的趋势。元江地区气温和降水变化主周期相同,为28 a周期变化,存在同步性,勐腊地区气温和降水变化主周期存在差异,分别为28 a和6 a。 相似文献
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森林气象学的研究与进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文综述了森林气象学的研究与进展概况,对当前国内外普遍重视的森林气象问题,包括森林对气候的影响、气候变化与森林、林火气象、森林与大气污染、森林气象研究方法等的研究现状作了介绍,对我国森林气象学研究水平和问题作了评述。 相似文献
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Li Zhang Guirui Yu Fengxue Gu Honglin He Leiming Zhang Shijie Han 《Journal of Forest Research》2012,17(3):268-282
The uncertainty in the predicted values of a process-based terrestrial ecosystem model is as important as the predicted values themselves. However, few studies integrate uncertainty analysis into their modeling of carbon dynamics. In this paper, we conducted a local sensitivity analysis of the model parameters of a process-based ecosystem model at the Chaibaishan broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest site in 2003?C2005. Sixteen parameters were found to affect the annual net ecosystem exchange of CO2 (NEE) in each of the three?years. We combined a Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis with a standardized multiple regression method to distinguish the contributions of the parameters and the initial variables to the output variance. Our results showed that the uncertainties in the modeled annual gross primary production and ecosystem respiration were 5?C8% of their mean values, while the uncertainty in the annual NEE was up to 23?C37% of the mean value in 2003?C2005. Five parameters yielded about 92% of the uncertainty in the modeled annual net ecosystem exchange. Finally, we analyzed the sensitivity of the meteorological data and compared two types of meteorological data and their effects on the estimation of carbon fluxes. Overestimating the relative humidity at a spatial resolution of 10?km?×?10?km had a larger effect on the annual gross primary production, ecosystem respiration, and net ecosystem exchange than underestimating precipitation. More attention should be paid to the accurate estimation of sensitive model parameters, driving meteorological data, and the responses of ecosystem processes to environmental variables in the context of global change. 相似文献
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使用2015~2017年我国29个城市的空气污染物PM2.5、PM10、O3浓度和气象要素(包括气压、气温、相对湿度、降水量、风速、日照时数)日数据,对每个城市空气质量变化特征与气象要素的月平均值进行了线性相关和多元回归模型分析,然后Meta分析合并相关系数和回归系数。结果表明:PM2.5浓度与所有气象变量(除风速)呈相关、PM10浓度与所有气象变量呈相关,而O3也与所有气象变量(除相对湿度)呈相关,但O3与气象变量的相关方向和PM2.5、PM10相反。通过对污染物浓度和气象变量的多元回归分析,21个城市的空气污染都得到较好程度的解释(R2>0.5)。同时,对影响PM2.5、PM10和O3的主要气象因素的效应进行了合并。 相似文献
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INTRODUCTIoNMoisturecontentoffOrestfuelsaffects.ignitionprobability,rateofspread,radia-tionefficiencyandenergyrelease.Itisoneofthemajorvariablesfordeterminingfireoccurrence,evaluatingfiredangerandpre-dictingfirebehavior.Obviouslyfuelmois-turecontentisevidenceonwhichisbasedtodetermineprescribedburning.Thechangeoffuelmoisturecontentisaffectedbymanyfactors.Thedynamicmodelsoffuelmoisturecontentcanbeestablishedinaccordancewiththosefactors.lnthispaper,thetheoryofrelativemoisturecontent,develope… 相似文献
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