缓释复方免疫增强剂对鸡新城疫疫苗免疫增强效果研究

将40只10日龄海兰褐蛋雏鸡，随机分成试验组和对照组，每组20只，分别皮下注射ND-La Sota弱毒疫苗0．2ml／只。同时给试验组雏鸡投服缓释复方免疫增强剂1粒／只，对照组不投服。在免疫前、免疫后10、20、30和40d，每组随机取10只鸡采血，测定ND-HI抗体效价、T淋巴细胞ERFC形成率和ANAE阳性率。结果免疫后10、20、30、40d，试验组与对照组比较，鸡ND-HI抗体效价、T淋巴细胞ERFC形成率和ANAE阳性率差异极显著（P〈0．01）或显著（P〈0．05），三项指标具有相同的消涨趋势，表明缓释复方免疫增强剂可以提高鸡的体液免疫功能和细胞免疫功能。     

鸡用缓释复方免疫增强剂的筛选试验研究

选择14日龄雏鸡110只,随机均分为11组,Ⅰ组为对照组,Ⅱ～Ⅺ为试验组,各组雏鸡在14日龄时均颈部皮下注射鸡ND—La Sota疫苗0．2ml／只．试验组雏鸡同时经口投服由不同配方和比例黄芪多糖、淫羊藿多糖、左旋咪唑、维生素E和亚硒酸钠制备的10种缓释复方免疫增强剂1粒,对照组雏鸡不投服。在免疫前后不同时间采血测定各组雏鸡ND—HI抗体效价和T淋巴细胞ANAE阳性率．结果表明制备的10种缓释复方免疫增强剂均不同程度地提高了雏鸡ND—HI抗体效价和T淋巴细胞ANAE阳性率．其中以X组和Ⅺ组配方效果最好,为今后研制缓释复方免疫增强剂奠定了基础。     

缓释复方免疫增强剂对鸡传染性法氏囊病疫苗增强效果研究

100羽20日龄海兰褐蛋雏鸡随机均分为试验组和对照组,均肌肉注射IBDB87疫苗0.5mL/羽,同时给试验组雏鸡投服缓释复方免疫增强剂1粒/羽。在免疫前、免疫后10、20和30d,每组随机采血20羽,测定IBD抗体阳性率、T淋巴细胞ERFC形成率、脾脏和法氏囊指数。结果2组鸡上述测定指标具有相同的消涨趋势,且试验组显著或极显著高于对照组,表明缓释复方免疫增强剂可提高鸡体液和细胞免疫功能,促进免疫器官生长发育。     

缓释复方免疫增强剂对鸡传染性法氏囊病疫苗免疫增强效果研究

将100只20日龄海兰褐蛋雏鸡随机分成试验组和对照组．分别肌肉注射IBDB87疫苗0．5mL／只,同时给试验组雏鸡投服缓释复方免疫增强剂l粒／只．对照组鸡不投服．在免疫前和免疫后10、20、30d,每组随机采血．测定鸡IBD抗体阳性率、T淋巴细胞ERFC形成率、脾脏和法氏囊指数。结果表明．免疫后不同时期鸡IBD抗体阳性率、T淋巴细胞ERFC形成率、睥脏和法氏囊指数试验组显著或极显著高于对照组．说明缓释复方免疫增强剂可以提高鸡体液免疫功能和细胞免疫功能．促进免疫器官生长发育．     

缓释复方免疫增强剂对鸡ND—IB二联弱毒疫苗免疫增强效果研究

80只30d龄蛋鸡随机均分成试验组和对照组,分别皮下注射ND—IB二联弱毒疫苗2头份／只,同时给试验组鸡投服缓释复方免疫增强剂1粒／只,对照组不投服。在免疫前、免疫后10d、20d、30d和40d,采血测定发现免疫后不同时期鸡ND、IB抗体效价和T淋巴细胞ERFC形成率试验组显著或极显著高于对照组,表明缓释复方免疫增强剂可以提高鸡体液免疫功能和细胞免疫功能。     

不同剂型的复合免疫增强剂对鸡新城疫疫苗免疫增强作用的效果观察

选择健康仔鸡40羽,随机分成4组,每组10羽。Ⅰ组为对照组,Ⅱ-Ⅳ组为试验组,在试验仔鸡20日龄时,所有仔鸡在颈部皮下注射用生理盐水稀释的ND--Lasota弱毒冻干苗,Ⅱ组在饮水中加入复合免疫增强粉制荆,Ⅲ组在颈部皮下注射复合免疫增强针制荆,Ⅳ组投服复合免疫增强缓释制荆。分别于免疫后10、20、30和40d,采血测定ND—HI抗体和外周血T淋巴细胞ANAE阳性率。实验结果表明,试验组比对照组ND—HI抗体明显提高。针剂组在免疫前期抗体的上升比较明显,缓释制剂组抗体效价上升比较平稳,维持时间相对延长。同时。T淋巴细胞ANAE阳性率与HI抗体效价有相应的消涨趋势。由此可见,不同剂型的复合免疫增强荆对鸡ND疫苗的免疫增强作用不同,但是免疫增强效果却很显著。     

复方中草药免疫增强剂对仔鸡免疫效果的影响

选取240羽15日龄健康雏鸡,随机分为4组,第1～3组为试验组,第4组为疫苗对照组.采用HA-HI试验方法测定各组血清中新城疫抗体效价,用MTT法测定T淋巴细胞增殖.结果表明,饮用中草药免疫增强剂之后的第7、14、21天和第28天,试验组的新城疫抗体效价均高于或显著高于对照组;饮用中草药免疫增强剂之后的第14天和第21天,试验组T淋巴细胞的增殖均显著高于对照组;饮用中草药免疫增强剂之后的第14天和第28天,试验组蛋仔鸡的腔上囊、脾脏指数均高于或显著高于对照组.复方中草药免疫增强剂具有促进抗体的生成,增强机体的体液免疫,促进免疫器官的发育和外周血淋巴细胞的增殖,增强机体的细胞免疫等作用.     

缓释复方免疫增强剂对鸡减蛋综合征疫苗免疫增强效果研究

将60只120日龄海兰褐蛋鸡,随机分成试验组和对照组,每组30只.分别肌肉注射鸡减蛋综合征(EDS-76)灭活疫苗0.5 mL/只,同时给试验组雏鸡投服缓释复方免疫增强剂1粒/只,对照组不投服.在免疫前、免疫后10、20、30和40 d,每组随机取10只鸡采血,测定EDS-76抗体效价、T淋巴细胞ERFC形成率和ANAE阳性率.结果免疫后10、20、30和40 d,试验组与对照组比较,鸡EDS-76抗体效价、T淋巴细胞ERFC形成率和ANAE阳性率差异极显著(P<0.01)或显著(P<0.05),三项指标具有相同的消涨趋势.表明缓释复方免疫增强剂可以提高鸡的体液免疫功能和细胞免疫功能.     

缓释复方免疫增强剂对4种鸡传染病疫苗免疫增强效果研究

为了验证缓释复方免疫增强剂对鸡减蛋综合征(EDS-76)、鸡新城疫(ND)、鸡传染性支气管炎(IB)和鸡传染性法氏囊病(IBD)4种疫苗的免疫增强作用,试验选用30日龄海兰褐蛋鸡80只,随机分为4组,每组又均分为试验组和对照组,分别注射EDS-76、ND、ND-IB和IBD疫苗,同时对试验组雏鸡投服缓释复方免疫增强剂1粒/只,在免疫前、免疫后12、27 d采血测定抗体效价(或阳性率)、T淋巴细胞花环形成率和ANAE阳性率。结果表明,试验组鸡EDS-76、ND、IB抗体效价和IBD抗体阳性率、T淋巴细胞花环形成率和ANAE阳性率均显著或极显著高于对照组。以上结果说明,缓释复方免疫增强剂可以提高EDS-76、ND、ND-IB和IBD4种疫苗抗体效价(或阳性率),增强鸡体液免疫功能和细胞免疫功能。     

缓释复方免疫增强剂田间免疫试验研究

选择24000只蛋用雏鸡，分4组进行田间免疫试验，每组设50只雏鸡作为对照，所肴雏鸡按常规免疫程序免疫，在20日龄肌注鸡ND—IB二联苗时，试验组雏鸡投服缓释复方免疫增强剂1丸／只，对照组免疫时不投丸，分别在投丸前、投丸后15d和30d呆血测定血清中ND、IB抗体水平和IBD抗体阳性率。结果投丸前雏鸡血清中ND、IB抗体水平及IBD抗体阳性率试验组与对照组差异不显著（P〉0．05），投丸后15d雏鸡血清中ND、IB抗体水平试验组分别比对照组高1．1和1．3个滴度，IBD抗体阳性率提高10％，差异显著（P〈0．05）。30d雏鸡血清中ND、IB抗体水平试验组分别比对照组高1．2和1．2个滴度，IBD抗体阳性率提高10％，差异显著（P〈0．05）。分别减少鸡发病率和死亡率6．7个百分点和5个百分点。表明缓释复方免疫增强剂能够提高鸡的免疫力，增强蛋鸡体液免疫功能，提高抗体水平，延长疫苗免疫保护期，减少发病率和死亡率，具有显著的经济效益。     

卡介菌多糖核酸对新城疫疫苗免疫雏鸡抗氧化及免疫活性的影响

本试验将卡介菌多糖核酸应用于新城疫疫苗免疫雏鸡,观察其抗氧化和对鸡体免疫功能的影响。将200只1日龄AA肉鸡随机分为5组,每组40只,分别为卡介菌多糖核酸高（0.12 mg/只）、中（0.06 mg/只）、低（0.03 mg/只）剂量组,黄芪多糖组（阳性对照,0.06 mg/只）和空白对照组。每组鸡7日龄时免疫新城疫疫苗并同时按分组要求注射药物,连续7 d,空白对照组以生理盐水代替。分别于用药后5、10、15和20 d分批剖杀鸡,采取胸腺、脾脏、法氏囊和颈静脉血,测定免疫器官系数,鸡新城疫病毒（NDV）抗体滴度,血浆IgG、IgM、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、脂质过氧化物（LPO）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）的含量。结果表明,卡介菌多糖核酸能显著提高鸡血清中SOD和GSH-Px含量,降低LPO含量（P＜0.05）,具有良好的抗氧化功能;能显著提高受试鸡的免疫器官系数、NDV抗体滴度、血清中IgG和IgM含量（P＜0.05）,具有良好的免疫佐剂效应。     

中药免疫增强剂在猪瘟疫苗免疫中的免疫调节作用的研究

通过对断奶仔猪投服不同剂量的中药免疫增强剂,研究其对猪瘟疫苗接种猪免疫调节作用的影响.结果表明,试验组在注射猪瘟疫苗同时,以1%的中药免疫增强剂混饲,试验组猪瘟血清抗体效价明显高于对照组,差异显著（P＜0.05）;接种疫苗后15、45 d,试验组T淋巴细胞百分率显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）.表明猪只在接种猪瘟疫苗的同时服用中药免疫增强剂,能显著增强猪瘟疫苗的免疫效果,促进T淋巴细胞的增殖,增强其免疫力.     

中药复方散剂对肉鸡生长及鸡新城疫灭活油苗免疫效果的影响

将玉屏风散、十全大补汤、六味地黄丸三个中药复方散剂分别按1%剂量添加到科宝快大型白鸡日粮中, 于雏鸡14日龄, 按0.5 ml/只剂量肩部肌肉注射鸡新城疫灭活油乳剂疫苗, 即日起饲喂上述饲料, 并按40 mg/kg剂量胸肌注射环磷酰胺,每天1次, 连续3天; 免疫后第10天、 20天、 30天采血检测鸡新城疫HI抗体效价,观测鸡增重情况,免疫后第15天、 25天检测血清总蛋白含量.实验结果表明,玉屏风散、六味地黄丸能显著提高鸡新城疫HI抗体效价(P<0.05),十全大补汤的作用不明显;玉屏风散、十全大补汤能显著增加肉鸡体重(P<0.05),六味地黄丸的作用不明显,实验组鸡死亡率均降低;玉屏风散、十全大补汤能显著提高血清总蛋白含量(P<0.05),六味地黄丸的作用不明显.     

Study on Synergistic Effect of VA5 Immunopotentiator on Pigeon NDV Inactivated Vaccine

This study was designed to evaluate the synergistic effect of VA5 immunopotentiator on pigeon ND4416 inactivated vaccine.160 healthy pigeons were randomly divided into four groups,including ND4416 strain inactivated vaccine group (NDV group),ND4416 strain inactivated vaccine and immunopotentiator (VA5) mixed group (NDV+VA5 group),La Sota inactivated vaccine group (La Sota group) and normal saline as the control group (C group),to assess their vaccine efficacy against virulent pigeon NDV by serological analysis and animal testing.Pigeons sera were collected at different time points after immunization and measured the HI antibody titer of each group.The results showed that VA5 immunopotentiator significantly improved the serum antibody level of pigeons immunized with pigeon Newcastle disease inactivated vaccine (P<0.05).In addition,comparative test of spleen lymphocyte transformation was conducted at various time points after immunization.The results indicated that VA5 effectively stimulated the lymphocyte transformation of immune pigeon.Pigeons in each groups were challenged with ND4416 strain at the 30th,90th and 180th d after immunization.The results presented that the NDV+VA5 group had 100% protection rate and higher than La Sota group.The duration of immunization test showed that the antibody titer of NDV+VA5 group reached peak 11.20log₂ at the 21st d,remained 7.50log₂ at 180th d,and the protection rate remained 100% at 180th d.It indicated that VA5 immunopotentiator sustained the immune duration of pigeon NDV vaccine up to 180 d.Moreover,the in vitro detoxification test results suggested that VA5 immunopotentiator reduced the in vitro detoxification cycle of pigeons after challenge.Overall,this study suggested VA5 immunopotentiator could significantly improve the immune efficacy of pigeon Newcastle disease inactivated vaccine,which provided a basis for further enhancing the efficacy of Newcastle disease vaccine,as well increased experimental data for the application of immunopotentiators.     

VA5免疫增强剂对鸽新城疫病毒灭活疫苗的增效作用研究

试验旨在探究VA5免疫增强剂对鸽新城疫病毒（NDV）灭活疫苗（ND4416株）的免疫增效作用。选取160只健康鸽随机分为4组：ND4416株灭活疫苗组（NDV组）、ND4416株灭活疫苗与免疫增强剂（VA5）混合组（NDV+VA5组）、La Sota灭活疫苗组（La Sota组）及生理盐水空白对照组（C组）,进行免疫效力及免疫持续期试验。采用血凝抑制试验检测各组鸽免疫后不同时间点的血清抗体效价,结果显示,VA5免疫增强剂能够显著提高鸽NDV灭活疫苗血清抗体水平（P<0.05）。脾脏淋巴细胞转化试验结果显示,VA5能够有效刺激免疫鸽的淋巴细胞转化。在免疫后第30、90、180天,各组鸽子采用ND4416株进行攻毒试验,结果显示,NDV+VA5组在3个时间点的攻毒保护率均为100%,均高于La Sota组。免疫持续期试验结果显示,NDV+VA5组血清抗体水平在免疫后第21天达峰值11.20log₂,第180天仍能达到7.50log₂,攻毒保护率达100%,表明VA5免疫增强剂可延长鸽新城疫疫苗的免疫效力持续期至180 d。攻毒后体外排毒检测结果表明,VA5免疫增强剂能够缩短攻毒后鸽的体外排毒周期,减少体外排毒。综上,VA5免疫增强剂能够显著提高鸽NDV灭活疫苗的免疫效果,为研制效果更好的鸽NDV疫苗提供了基础依据,同时也为免疫增强剂的应用增加了试验数据。     

几种免疫增强剂对仔猪的增重效果研究

为找出能促使仔猪快速增长的免疫增强剂,将来自7窝的42头体重相当的25日龄约克仔猪随机分成A、B、C、D、E、F6组,每组7头。在25日龄、40日龄、47日龄时分别向A、B、C、D、E各组注射2mL转移因子、2mL黄芪多糖、2mL干扰素、2mL左旋咪唑及3mL黄芪多糖,F组注射2mL生理盐水作为对照。在28日龄、40日龄及63日龄分别对每头猪只称量体重。结果显示,B和E组增重在40日龄及63日龄时均极显著高于对照F组(P0.01);A组和D组增重与对照组F组相比差异不显著(P0.05);C组与对照组F组相比少增重2.05%,差异显著(P0.05)。表明黄芪多糖对仔猪增重有显著的促进作用,转移因子、左旋咪唑对仔猪增重无明显作用,干扰素能显著抑制仔猪生长。     

Effects of Compound Codonopsis Oral Liquids on Immune Molecules with Immunological Stress in Layer Chickens

The test was aimed at determining the effects of compound Codonopsis oral liquids with Codonopsis pilosula as monarch drug on levels of IgG,IL-2 and ACTH of serum with immunological stress in layer chickens.One hundred and fifty healthy chickens at one day old with the same body weight were divided into five groups of 30 chickens per group:High dose group,medium dose group,low dose group,model control group and base control group,respectively.From the 3 days old,the high,medium and low dose groups were respectively administered 8,4 and 2 mg/(kg·BW) compound Codonopsis oral liquids for 10 days;The chickens of 3 different dose groups and model control group were intramuscularly injected Newcastle disease (ND) vaccines Ⅰ to make immunosuppressive models on 7th day.The samples were collected and IgG,IL-2 and ACTH contents in serum were determined on the 8th,16th,24th,32th and 40th day.The results showed that on the 16th,24th and 32th day,the IgG content of 3 different dose groups were extremely significantly higher than that of model control group (P<0.01),and high dose group>middle dose group>low dose group.On the 8th and 16th day,the IL-2 level of high and middle dose groups were extremely significantly or significantly higher than that of model control group (P<0.05;P<0.01),and on the 24th and 40th day,3 different dose groups were extremely significantly higher than that of model control group (P<0.01),and that of high dose group was extremely significantly higher (P<0.01)while middle dose group was significantly higher (P<0.05)than the model control group on the 32th day;On the 8th,16th,24th and 40th day,the ACTH content of high and middle dose groups were extremely significantly or significantly lower than that of model control group (P<0.05;P<0.01),and that of high dose group was significantly lower than model control group on the 32th day (P<0.05).At the late experiment period,the ACTH content of 3 different dose groups were gradually became similar to base control group,indicating that the effect of immunosuppressant on ACTH was transient.In conclusion,the compound Codonopsis oral liquids could increase the level of levels of IgG,IL-2 and reduce the level of ACTH of serum,but it could not decrease to the level of base control group,and high dose had better effects.     

复方党参口服液对免疫应激蛋雏鸡免疫分子的影响

本试验旨在研究以党参为君药制成的复方党参口服液对免疫应激状态下的蛋雏鸡血清IgG、白细胞介素-2和血清促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）水平的影响。本试验将150羽体重相近健康的1日龄蛋雏鸡随机分成5组,每组30羽,即高剂量组、中剂量组、低剂量组、模型对照组和基础组,从3日龄开始,高、中、低剂量组分别按8、4、2 mg/kg体重饮水添加口服液,连续添加10 d。7日龄时高、中、低及模型对照组肌肉免疫注射新城疫Ⅰ系疫苗制造免疫抑制模型,基础组不做任何处理。分别于8、16、24、32、40日龄采血测定复方党参口服液对免疫分子的影响。结果显示,在16、24、32日龄时,高、中、低剂量组血清IgG含量均极显著高于模型对照组（P<0.01）,且3个剂量组中免疫抑制雏鸡血清IgG含量由高到低依次为：高剂量 > 中剂量 > 低剂量;在8、16日龄时,高、中剂量组血清IL-2含量显著或极显著高于模型对照组（P<0.05;P<0.01）,24、40日龄时,3个剂量组均极显著高于模型对照组（P<0.01）,32日龄时,高剂量组极显著高于模型对照组（P<0.01）,中剂量组显著高于模型对照组（P<0.01）;在8、16、24和40日龄时,高、中剂量组血清ACTH含量显著或极显著低于模型对照组（P<0.05;P<0.01）,32日龄时,高剂量组显著低于模型对照组（P<0.05）,试验后期3个剂量组和模型对照组的ACTH水平逐渐接近于基础组,说明免疫应激对ACTH的升高呈现一过性。综上所述,复方党参口服液能提高免疫应激蛋雏鸡血清中IgG和IL-2水平,降低ACTH的水平,但是不能降低到基础组的正常水平,综合来看,高剂量组复方党参口服液效果最优。     

Efficacy of experimental Newcastle disease water-in-oil oil-emulsion vaccines formulated from squalane and squalene

Water-in-oil inactivated Newcastle disease oil-emulsion vaccines were formulated with the terpene oils squalane or squalene, or mixtures thereof, and injected into 4-week-old broilers. Vaccine efficacy based on hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) titers was comparable to that of control mineral oil vaccines. Tissue reaction to intramuscular injection of the terpene oil emulsion vaccines was greatly reduced 3 weeks post-vaccination compared with that of mineral oil-based vaccine. Viscosity of the terpene oil vaccines was satisfactory but increased three to four times that of mineral oil vaccine when the antigen phase volume increased from 5% to 20%.