食用向日葵杂交种龙食葵5号与产业化前景

龙食葵5号是以不育系LCMS14A为母本、恢复系L0911R为父本配制的食用向日葵杂交种,于2016年3月通过黑龙江省农作物品种审定委员会登记推广,登记编号:黑登记2016003。本文根据试验结果并结合生产实践,总结了该品种的特征特性和产量表现,探讨了食用向日葵的产业化前景。     

龙食葵系列食用向日葵新品种选育及应用

龙食葵系列食用向日葵新品种由黑龙江省农业科学院经济作物研究所育成,经黑龙江省农作物品种审定委员会登记推广。该系列新品种特别适宜黑龙江省种植,推广应用效果显著,目前已成为黑龙江省向日葵主栽品种。龙食葵系列食用向日葵品种具有国外资源的品质和地方资源的抗性及适应性,并利用黑龙江省重病区的自然条件经过定向选择培育而成,是目前国内食用向日葵品种中籽仁蛋白质含量较高,外观品质好,又特别适宜黑龙江省种植的品种。     

丰葵杂1号食用向日葵高产栽培技术

丰葵杂1号是由哈尔滨丰葵农业科技发展有限公司育成的适应东北生态区的高产粒大食用型向日葵杂交种。2005年和2006年参加2年黑龙江省区域试验，2007年参加黑龙江省生产试验，2008年通过黑龙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定并推广。     

早熟玉米新品种龙辐玉9号的选育及栽培技术

龙辐玉9号是黑龙江省农业科学院玉米研究所2007年以辐3018为母本、以辐1184为父本组配而成的早熟玉米杂交种,根据各年试验鉴定结果,该品种表现早熟、高产、稳产、品质优良、多杭等特点。2014年经黑龙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定推广,定名为龙辐玉9号。     

国审食用向日葵杂交种龙食杂1号区试、生试总结

龙食杂1号是黑龙江省农科院经济作物研究所育成的我省首个食用向日葵杂交种，在2005～2008年全国和黑龙江省食用向日葵区域试验、生产试验中均表现突出，是目前国内高产、优质、抗逆性强、增产效果显著的优良食用向日葵新组合。     

食用向日葵品种龙食葵3号的推广效果及综合评价

龙食葵3号是黑龙江省农业科学院经济作物研究所于1999年以黑龙江省的地方品种东宁板嗑为母本,内蒙古品种蒙S1为父本进行杂交,经1999-2003年5年9个育种周期的选育,于2003年决选并定名为龙03001,同时进行了鉴定试验、区域试验和生产试验,抗病鉴定和品质分析工作。2007年3月经黑龙江省农作物品种审定委员会登记推广。龙食葵3号因其优质的商品性和良好的生态适应性,深受农民、客     

向日葵杂交种龙葵杂3号

龙葵杂3号是黑龙江省农业科学院经济作物研究所于1997年育成的油用型向日葵杂交种。1998年2月经黑龙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定。主要性状该品种属中熟品种,生育期112天左右,株高186cm,无分枝,花盘直径21cm以上,平盘。结实率80％,百粒重……     

食用高粱新品种龙杂13的选育及栽培技术

龙杂13是黑龙江省农业科学院作物育种研究所以黑龙423 A为母本、农68为父本育成的高产、优质食用高粱新杂交种.该杂交种出苗到成熟115 d,生育积温2 350℃.株高128cm左右,产量7 469.2 kg/hm2.籽粒白色,食用品质优良,茎秆强壮,抗黑穗病.2010年通过黑龙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定.     

高粱杂交种龙杂4号

为选育适于黑龙江省中、南部地区第一积温带种植的高产、抗病高粱杂交种，黑龙江省农科院作物育种所以龙３０２A为母本，恢７６５７为父本，组配育成了杂交种龙９２－７２７，该杂交种于１９９６年通过了黑龙江省农作物品种审定委员会的审定，命名为龙杂４号。１特征特性幼苗拱     

黑龙江省食用向日葵新品种区域试验

以甘葵1号为对照,对6家单位提供的9个向日葵新品种进行黑龙江省食用向日葵区域比较试验,鉴定不同向日葵品种在各主要产区的生育表现、丰产性、抗逆性及适应性。研究结果表明:参试品种CH9148、龙食杂4号和三瑞6号分别比对照增产18.71%、18.78%和16.90%,综合性状表现好,建议2017年晋升生产试验;WZ9188和LS3968在2015-2016年2年区试中平均增产未达到审定标准,建议2017年停试;龙食杂5号、大二1号、龙食葵7号和甘葵7号分别比对照增产15.56%、10.49%、15.55%和15.41%,综合性状表现好,2016年是第1年区试,建议2017年续试。     

Location of a high-lysine gene and the DDT-resistance gene on barley chromosome 7

Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans.     

A note on the origin of Kalanchoë x vadensis Boom & Zeilinga (Crassulaceae)

Summary K x vadensis is a hybrid of K. blossfeldiana and K. marmorata obtained after doubling the number of chromosomes.     

Simultaneous Determination of Four Phenolic Acids in Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae Formula Granules by QAMS

[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol...     

Avoidance of leaf rust fungi in wild relatives of cultivated cereals

Summary Avoidance of rust fungi that was based on poor appressorium induction was previously found in Hordeum chilense. In the present study 95 accessions of Triticeae were screened for avoidance of Puccinia hordei. The percentage of appressorium formation per germinated spore ranged from 6 to 90%. On none of the 41 accessions of Aegilops, Agropyron, Elymus, Secale, Thinopyrum or Triticum studied was the rate of appressorium formation lower than 25%. Lower rates of appressorium formation were, however, found on accessions of wild barley species Hordeum brachyantherum, H. marinum, H. parodii and H. secalinum. Its implications in cereal breeding are discussed.     

Present status and future strategy in breeding faba beans (Vicia Faba L.) for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses

Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses.     

Water Extraction Process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning

[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination...     

Cytoplasmic male sterility,resistance to gall mite and mildew,and season of leafing out in black currants

Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F₁ hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf ₁) and recessive for the other (Rf ₂).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph ₃(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf ₁(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf ₁and Rf ₂were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf ₁, and 0.15 for Lf ₁-Sph ₃were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph ₃.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf ₁-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph ₃. Poor performance of lf ₁- (and possibly lf ₂-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off).     

Optimization of Extraction Technology and Determination of Content of Total Phenols of Leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms

[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho...     

Pollen and pollination experiments. III. The viability of apple and pear pollen as affected by irradiation and storage

Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed.     

Screening techniques and sources of resistance to parasitic angiosperms

Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques.