山西晋中地区猪瘟抗体水平血清学调查

猪瘟是由猪瘟病毒(Clasical Swine Fever Virus,CFSV)引起的一种急性热性、全身性、败血性传染病,属于A类传染病,各种年龄的猪只均可发病,病程从急性到慢性等多种多样。一年四季流行,传染性极强,具有高的发病率和死亡率,一旦发病具有毁灭性,严重的威胁养猪业的发展。非典型猪瘟是我国猪瘟流行的主要类型,其临床和病理解剖特征不典型,病程明显延长,目前控制猪瘟最有效方式是疫苗     

闽西地区规模化猪场猪瘟抗体水平的监测与分析

猪瘟是猪瘟病毒引起的一种高度接触性传染病,世界动物卫生组织(OIE)将其列为A类16种传染病之一,我国亦将其列为一类传染病,是发生最多、危害最大、流行最广的传染病.多年来我国采用免疫接种为主的防控措施,大大降低猪瘟的感染率和发病率,大规模的流行暴发已少见,但是由于疫苗质量不够稳定,免疫程序不合理,缺乏免疫监测,猪群免疫抑制性疾病的存在,以及免疫操作不当等因素,导致免疫失败,猪瘟仍然是危害我国猪群最严重的传染病,猪瘟的免疫防控成为规模化猪场疫病防控的基础和重点,所以对猪群的猪瘟抗体进行监测,及时掌握猪瘟疫苗的免疫状况,对防控该病具有重大的意义.     

安徽省合肥地区规模化猪场猪瘟抗体水平监测和免疫效果分析

猪瘟(hog cholera,hc),又称古典猪瘟(classical swine fever,csf),是由猪瘟病毒引起的一种高度接触性传染病,其流行广泛,发病率和死亡率高,对养猪业危害极大,因此备受世界各国关注,国际兽医局也将其列入一类法定传染病,并规定为国际重点检疫对象[1]。目前,集约化猪场对猪瘟的控制,均实施了以接种猪瘟疫苗为主的综合性防治措施。猪瘟弱毒苗的广泛预防接种,绝大多数猪只获得了不同程度抗猪瘟抗体,使猪瘟的流行特征有了许多新特点,其中最典型的特征是出现温和性猪瘟(非典型性猪瘟)[2]。有研究表明,在总体猪瘟抗体合格的情况下,我国规定猪瘟抗体合格率在70%以上,仍有一部份不合格,能在一定条件下遏制不形成流行     

猪瘟免疫方法的进一步探讨

猪瘟是由猪瘟病毒引起的危害养猪业的重要传染病。我国长期使用猪瘟弱毒苗 ,有效控制了猪瘟的大流行和暴发 ,但生产中还时有散发情况 ,造成一定经济损失。我站在猪瘟抗体监测中也发生 ,尤其是肉猪 ,虽经免疫 ,但抗体水平不高 ,远低于保护水平 (间接血凝试验保护价为 1∶64)。为此我站从 1 999年开始 ,从母源抗体消长规律和用不同免疫方法免疫后抗体水平高低比较 ,寻求一条行之有效的免疫方法。1　材料与方法1 .1　材料诊断液 :猪瘟诊断液 (批号 :980 61 7) ,猪瘟阳性血清 (批号 :971 0 2 2 ) ,猪瘟阴性血清 (批号 :971 1 0 4 ) ,以上试剂均…     

试述当前国内猪瘟流行特点、疫苗现状及防制对策

猪瘟 (Hog cholera,HC)是由猪瘟病毒 (HCV)引起的一种 A类烈性传染病。因其致死率高、危害严重 ,而受到各养猪国家的关注。我国对猪瘟的防制工作十分重视 ,并提出当前应采取以免疫接种为重点的综合性防制措施。本文就当前国内猪瘟流行 (发病 )特点 ,疫苗现状及防制对策等方面作一简要介绍。1　猪瘟流行和发病特点　近年来猪瘟的流行和发病特点已发生了很大变化。其流行形式从频发的大流行转为周期性、波浪式地区散发性流行。在发病特点上 ,出现所谓非典型猪瘟、温和型 (慢性 )猪瘟和无名高热等 ,症状显著减轻、死亡率降低、病理特征不明…     

猪病的免疫防制(连载4)

四猪瘟的免疫防制猪瘟(Hogcholera,HC)是由猪瘟病毒引起的猪的一种高度致死性、接触性传染病,以高热、出血为特征,发病率和死亡率高,是目前危害我国养猪业最严重的疾病之一。1当前猪瘟流行和发病特点近年来,我国猪瘟的流行和发病特点已发生了很大变化,其流行形式从频发的大流行     

猪瘟疫苗的研究概况、选择及科学使用

猪瘟(Hog cholera or classical swine fever,CSF)是由猪瘟病毒(Hog cholera virus or classical swine fever virus,CSFV)引起的一种猪的高度接触性传染病.其流行广泛、发病率高、死亡率高,是世界养猪业的第一大威胁,也是我国养猪业的头号杀手.其特征是:急性,呈败血性症状,实质器官出血、坏死和梗死;慢性,呈纤维素性坏死性肠炎.近年来,猪瘟的流行和发病特点发生了很大的变化,其流行形式从频发的大流行转变为周期性、波浪形的地区性和散发性流行,出现了非典型猪瘟、慢性猪瘟、猪瘟持续感染、妊娠母猪带毒综合征等,给猪瘟的诊断与防制带来很大挑战.猪瘟病毒在自然条件下可感染不同年龄、性别和品种的猪,而且一年四季均发生;病猪是主要传染源.猪瘟主要通过接触传播,经消化道或者呼吸道感染.     

仔猪超前免疫猪瘟及其注意事项

猪瘟是由猪瘟病毒(Hog Cholera Virus,HCV)引起的一种高度接触性传染病,国际兽疫局(OIE)将其列为A类16种法定传染病之一,我国亦将其列为一类动物传染病。该病1810年首先在美国俄亥俄州发生,至今仍是发生最多,危害最大,流行最广的传染病之一。在猪瘟流行地区,仔猪的超前免疫是有     

猪病的免疫防制(连载9)

猪瘟(Hog cholera,HC)是由猪瘟病毒引起的猪的一种高度致死性、接触性传染病,以高热、出血为特征,发病率和死亡率高,是目前危害我国养猪业最严重的疾病之一。1当前猪瘟流行和发病特点近年来,我国猪瘟的流行和发病特点已发生很大变化,其流行形式从频发的大流行转为周期性、波浪式、地区散发性流行。在发病特点上,出现所谓非典型猪瘟、温和型(慢性)猪瘟和无名高热等,症状显著减轻,死亡率降低,病理特征不明显,须依赖于实验室才能确诊;并出现猪瘟病毒的持续感染(亚临床感染)、胎盘感染、初生仔猪先天性震颤和妊娠母猪带毒综合征(母猪繁殖障碍)…     

一起猪瘟的诊断与防治

猪瘟又称烂肠瘟,是由猪瘟病毒(CSFV)引起的一种高度接触性传染病,国际兽疫局将其列为A类16种法定传染病之一,猪是该病毒唯一的自然宿主.目前,猪瘟的流行和发病特点发生了很大变化,缺乏规律性的临床症状和病理变化,其中非典型猪瘟、温和型猪瘟占据了猪瘟流行病学的主流,使不少养猪企业蒙受了较大的经济损失.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1991

In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.