朝鲜蓟的研究进展

朝鲜蓟为菊科多年生草本植物,以花托和肥嫩的苞片为主要食用部位,起源于地中海沿岸和北非.概述了朝鲜蓟的栽培特性、所舍生物活性物质与功能性化合物以及朝鲜蓟的主要营养生理功能,并对朝鲜蓟在我国的开发现状和前景进行了展望.     

朝鲜蓟DUS测试指南研制必要性及指南研制初探

朝鲜蓟纳入到我国植物品种保护名录中是加大其知识产权保护的重要手段,而研制符合我国国情的朝鲜蓟新品种DUS测试指南是使朝鲜蓟纳入我国植物品种保护名录的基本保障。笔者主要从朝鲜蓟DUS测试指南研制的必要性和怎样研制朝鲜蓟DUS测试指南两方面论述,让相关育种者认识研制朝鲜蓟DUS测试指南的重要性及其他未研制DUS测试指南作物育种者初步了解如何编制DUS测试指南提供参考。     

朝鲜蓟生物学特性与栽培技术

朝鲜蓟产业是云南嵩明县新兴出口创汇型农业,由原英之源农业发展有限公司于2002年引进昆明种植,之后逐年向昆明以外地区扩展。通过多年亲历栽培观察,总结论述以栽培技术措施的集成运用为突破口、以充分利用朝鲜蓟低位多枝的生物学特性为切入点、充分挖掘朝鲜蓟生产的高产潜能、培植形成多枝多蕾的高产群体、突破生产现状、提高单产和种植效益等途径。     

朝鲜蓟的开发利用及其栽培技术

朝鲜蓟（Ｃｙｎａｒｅ ｓｃｏｌｙｍｕｓ Ｌ．）又名洋蓟，是多年生草本植物，属菊科。原产地为欧洲的地中海地区，传入上海已有百余年历史，上海地区栽培的老品种最初来自法国。 一、开发利用 朝鲜蓟有多方面用途，主要是作蔬菜食用，其食用的部位是苞片基部肥厚而幼嫩的部分以及多肉质的整个花托。据ＥｄｗａｒａＪ．Ｒｙｄｅｒ等人的报道，朝鲜蓟可食部分的营养价值较高。在水果和蔬菜中，以维生素和矿物质的营养价值来看，也属上乘。比人们喜食的番茄更富养分（见下表）。另外，据上海医学工业研究院测定，朝鲜蓟还含有菜蓟素，黄酮类化…     

朝鲜蓟外植体消毒方法探索

将朝鲜蓟种子、叶柄、嫩叶等外植体采用不同的消毒组合进行消毒对比,摸索出朝鲜蓟的最佳消毒方法,从而顺利建立朝鲜蓟外植体进行试管苗快速繁殖体系.将朝鲜蓟不同的外植体部位采用多种消毒组合,通过对比分析,总结出朝鲜蓟试管繁殖的最适消毒组合为:75%酒精15 s+2%NaClO 10 min+0.1%HgCl215 min对种子消毒效果最理想;75%酒精15 s+2%NaClO 8 min+0.1%HgCl212 min对叶柄消毒效果最适合;0.1%HgCl215 min对嫩叶消毒效果最佳.     

朝鲜蓟高产栽培技术

朝鲜蓟属菊科多年生草本植物,其茎和花蕾含多种人体需要的氨基酸,营养丰富,食法多样,可炒、蒸、煮、凉拌等。茎叶可作酒类饮料的添加剂。朝鲜蓟在国际市场被列为高档蔬菜,其罐头等系列制品深受西方发达国家的青睐,行情看好。为发展高产高效农业和出口创汇,我们在1988-1989年引种朝鲜蓟成功的基础上,1990-1993年又对其高产栽培技术进行了试验研究,现将结果报告如下:     

朝鲜蓟

一、概述朝鲜蓟(Cynasa Scolymus)又叫洋蓟,是一种菊科多年生草本植物。原产于欧洲的地中海地区,在上海栽培已有一百多年的历史,生产上所用的老品种由法国传入。朝鲜蓟有多方面的用途,主要是作蔬菜食用。其食用的部位是花苞的肥厚而幼嫩的苞片基部及肉质的花托。据报导,朝鲜蓟每100克可食部份含86.5克水分,2.8克蛋白质,0.2克脂肪,9.9克糖,还     

两个朝鲜蓟品种引种栽培观察

朝鲜蓟为菊科多年生蓟类植物.原产地中海沿岸、欧洲南部及北非.其食用部分为肉质花托及花托的肥嫩苞片.朝鲜蓟的叶是一种欧洲传统的草药,含有洋蓟酸等物质,具有利尿、促进胆汁分泌及降低胆固醇的作用,其根部含有较多的菊糖.国内对朝鲜蓟的报道很少,但该品种有很大的出口创汇潜力,我国上海、浙江、云南、山东及北京等地已有种植.     

朝鲜蓟的组织培养与快速繁殖技术研究

介绍朝鲜蓟的组织培养与快速繁殖的方法。该研究方法以茎尖为外植体,以改良的MS培养基为基本培养基,对朝鲜蓟进行离体培养,重点介绍各试验阶段的培养条件以及生长与分化情况。     

朝鲜蓟高产栽培技术

朝鲜蓟高产栽培技术２７６００３临沂市兰山区农业局刘存欣，王印芳朝鲜蓟（ＧｙｎｅｒｅＳｃｏｌｙｍｕｓＬ）属菊科多年生草本植物，原产欧洲地中海地区，现美洲大陆及我国台湾等地均有较大面积种植。朝鲜蓟营养丰富，在国际市场属高档蔬菜，其食用部分为多层的鳞状花蕾...     

贵州几种常见野菜营养成分分析

以常规方法对毕节常见野菜(刺儿菜、野葱、香椿、小茴香、苣卖菜、牛皮菜、香菜、木耳菜、苦菜)的营养成分进行测定和比较分析.结果表明:在所测定的野菜中,苦菜的纤维、脂肪、维生素E、锰和铁的含量丰富;刺儿菜含有丰富的蛋白质、维生素A、胡萝卜素、钙和钾;苣卖菜含有丰富的维生素A、胡萝卜素、锰、镁、钾和铜;野葱含有丰富的维生素C、钙和钾;牛皮菜含有丰富的锌、钾和钠;而小茴香的钠含量最高;香椿的锌和磷含量最高;木耳菜的镁含量最高.     

Fibrinolytic activity and its mechanisms in various leukemic cell lines

AIM:To study the relation between expression of uPAR and annexinⅡ and fibrinolytic activity in various leukemic cell lines. METHODS:The plasma activity was measured under the reaction between cells of NB4, SHI-1, K562, Jurkat, Raji and plaminogen by chromogenic assay. The protein expressions of uPAR and annexinⅡin cells of NB4, SHI-1, K562, Jurkat, Raji were detected by flow cytometry method. The mRNA expressions of uPAR and annexinⅡin cells of NB4, SHI-1, K562, Jurkat, Raji were detected by RT-PCR. RESULTS:The plasma activity in SHI-1 cells and NB4 cells were higher obviously than that in Raji, K562 and Jurkat cells. The protein expression ratio of uPAR and annexinⅡ in NB4 cells were (13.15±1.61)% and (95.97±1.19)%， respectively, they were (99.00±0.26)%, (90.35±2.15)% respectively in SHI-1 cells, and they were lower in K562, Jurkat, Raji cells. The expression of annexinⅡ mRNA in NB4 cells was higher than that in SHI-1 cells, and they were undectectable in K562 and Jurkat cells. The expression of uPAR mRNA in NB4 and SHI-1 cells were higher than that in Jurkat and K562 cells. The expression of uPAR mRNA in Raji cells was undectectable. CONCLUSION:The primary hyperfibrinolysis in leucocythemia cells was observed, and relation was closely with the expression of annexinⅡ. It might be the main reason for bleeding and disseminated intravascular coagulation in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia and acute monocytic leukemia.     

加温促成栽培‘上野’温州蜜柑物候期与品质变化特性研究

以‘上野’温州蜜柑为试材,研究了加温促成栽培柑橘果实成熟期间着色变化与糖、酸积累特性及加温起始时间对柑橘物候期变化的影响。结果表明,12月13日加温可使柑橘1月开花,6月下旬成熟,比露地栽培成熟期提早4个月以上;加温延迟,物候期相应推迟。加温促成栽培柑橘果实的色差值随果实成熟而上升,但成熟时色差a*和b*值都比露地成熟果实低。促成栽培柑橘果实可溶性固形物和糖分含量随果实成熟而上升,可滴定酸与有机酸含量随果实成熟而下降。促成栽培的柑橘果实以积累果糖为主,其次为葡萄糖,蔗糖含量最低,不到总糖含量的1/3。加温促成栽培柑橘着色不良与糖分构成的改变可能与果实成熟期间所处的高温环境有关。     

山葡萄种质资源原花青素分布及其含量动态变化

采用香草醛-HPLC结合法对39份山葡萄种质资源及"贝达"的种子、果皮中原花青素含量进行测定,比较了山葡萄种质资源间原花青素含量和分布的特点与差异,并对其中4个山葡萄品种"双优"、"双红"、"双丰"和"双庆"的叶片、茎皮、果皮和种子原花青素动态含量进行测定,分析了原花青素在山葡萄各器官中的变化规律。结果表明:山葡萄种质资源原花青素含量存在较大变异,成熟果实种子与果皮原花青素含量变化幅度较大,变化范围分别为0.42～8.00mg/gFW和1.2～14.7mg/g FW;野生资源与选育品种间、不同花性种质间、不同地域种质间原花青素含量差异均不显著;果皮中原花青素含量高于种子,且差异显著;4个山葡萄品种不同器官原花青素含量动态变化与欧亚种酿酒葡萄存在明显差异,叶片原花青素含量在青果期升高,转色期下降,成熟期小幅度升高;茎皮原花青素含量在青果期升高,转色期、成熟期下降;果皮中原花青素含量在青果期,转色期缓慢升高,成熟期迅速升高;种子原花青素含量在青果期、转色期升高,成熟期下降。     

“黄金梨”叶片及果实中主要矿质元素量变化及相关关系

以“黄金梨”和“鸭梨”为试材,分析了叶片和果实中主要矿质元素含量年变化及其二者间的相关关系.结果表明:叶片内氮、磷、钾含量随叶龄增长而降低,钙含量随叶龄增长而升高,镁则前期增加,后期减少;果实中氮、磷、钾、钙、镁含量随果实膨大而呈递减趋势.“黄金梨”叶片和果实中氮磷钾含量高于“鸭梨”.“黄金梨”叶片中氮磷含量和果实中氮磷含量呈显著正相关,镁则呈负相关.     

丘陵紫色土不同柑桔品种对土壤重金属富集特征研究

在重庆江津、忠县、长寿果园中,锦橙与夏橙果肉汞、铜、锌、镉、铅、砷的含量都远低于《绿色食品柑桔》（NY／T426—2000）标准和国家食品卫生标准,铬含量接近国家食品卫生标准。铜、锌、铅、镉、镍、汞、砷等7个重金属元素含量大小的总体趋势是叶片〉果皮〉果肉,锦橙镍含量叶片〉果肉〉果皮。铬含量是叶片〉果肉〉果皮。锦橙叶对土壤铜的富集能力显著大于夏橙叶片,对土壤铅和镉的富集能力显著小于夏橙叶片。锦橙果皮对土壤锌、镍、铬的富集能力显著小于夏橙果皮。锦橙果肉对土壤铅和镉的富集能力显著小于夏橙果肉,对土壤汞的富集能力显著大于夏橙果肉。     

不同抗性甜瓜接种蔓枯病菌后若干生理指标的变化

对不同抗性甜瓜接种蔓枯病菌后测定叶片中叶绿素、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量和3种防御酶（PPO、PO、PAL）的活性。结果表明：叶绿素含量在接种后呈现先增加后减小趋势,抗病甜瓜增幅大,叶绿素含量高于感病甜瓜;可溶性糖含量在接种后先降低后升高、再降低再升高,抗病甜瓜可溶性糖含量高于感病甜瓜;可溶性蛋白含量在接种后逐渐升高,感病甜瓜峰值出现早于抗病甜瓜;3种酶活性在接种后都有不同程度提高,其中抗病甜瓜酶活性增幅高于感病甜瓜。几种酶活性变化可以用于甜瓜蔓枯病抗性鉴定。     

日光温室和露地甜樱桃红艳秋季枝叶中氮代谢的比较

以日光温室和露地栽培的6年生槽栽甜樱桃红艳植株为试材,对秋季枝叶中全氮、总氨基酸、可溶性蛋白质、谷丙转氨酶、谷氨酰胺合成酶、硝酸还原酶的变化动态进行了测定。结果表明,温室条件下叶片中的氮向枝中运转的量少于露地;长枝枝皮、短枝中的可溶性蛋白质减少,而长枝木质中可溶性蛋白质增加很多;叶中可溶性蛋白质高于露地,而且叶中的可溶性蛋白质在整个秋季都维持在相当高的水平。秋季枝中总氨基酸的变化趋势比较复杂,而叶中总氨基酸的变化趋势则很有规律,都有增加的趋势。秋季叶中谷丙转氨酶、谷氨酰胺合成酶、硝酸还原酶的活性在整个秋季都没有急剧减少,有时还有增加,这表明叶片中的氮代谢一直在进行,并没有随叶片的衰老而减弱。     

打破巨峰葡萄种子休眠及实生苗阶段发育中内源激素的研究

研究表明,巨峰葡萄成熟种子种壳含有很高的ABA或类似物.用40%石灰氮浸出液处理18h打破休眠的效果最好.葡萄童期阶段细胞分裂素含量低,并且随节位升高变化迟缓,当临近阶段转变时,含量急剧上升.GA_3含量童期阶段高于转变期.GA_(4+7)在阶段转变部位含量急剧下降,CTK/GA_3急剧上升.生长素含量在童期阶段随着节位升高急剧增加,临近阶段转变时含量又急剧降低.脱落酸的含量则随着节位升高有缓慢上升的趋势.     

Effects of bFGF on brain edema,nerve function injury and autophagy related protein in rats with traumatic brain injury

AIM:To study the effects of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on brain edema, nerve function damage and autophagy related proteins in rats with head injury. METHODS:The rat model of craniocerebral injury (CI) was constructed. The rats were divided into control group, CI group, and low-, middle-and high-dose bFGF groups (n=10). The CI model was established in CI group, while the rats in control group were not given epidural impact. The rats in low-dose, middle-dose and high-dose bFGF groups were given bFGF at 2, 4 and 6 μg, respectively, by intraperitoneal injection after 30 min. The neurological function in the rats was evaluated by improved neurological function scoring. The rat brain tissues were taken, and the water content was detected. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1β in the brain tissue were measured by ELISA. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content was analyzed by thiobarbituric acid method. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was examined by WST-8 assay. The glutathine peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity was detected by colorimetric method. The protein levels of autophagy related proteins LC3-Ⅱ and beclin-1 in the brain tissues were determined by Western blot. RESULTS:The neurological function score was increased significantly of the rats in CI group. The rat model of craniocerebral injury was successfully constructed. Neurological function scores in the rats in low-dose, middle-dose and high-dose bFGF groups were reduced, the water content of the brain tissue was also reduced (P<0.05). The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1 β were decreased in the brain tissues (P<0.05), the content of MDA was declined (P<0.05), the activities of SOD and GSH-Px were increased (P<0.05), the protein levels of LC3-Ⅱ and beclin-1 were decreased, compared with the untreated rats in CI group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:bFGF improves the nerve function of the rats with craniocerebral injury, reduces the water content of the brain tissue, reduces the expression of autophagic protein LC3-Ⅱ and beclin-1.The mechanism is related to the inhibition of inflammatory reaction and oxidative damage.